scholarly journals Exploring the Convergence of Resilience Processes and Sustainable Outcomes in Post-COVID, Post-Glasgow Economies

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13415
Author(s):  
Jesse M. Keenan ◽  
Benjamin D. Trump ◽  
William Hynes ◽  
Igor Linkov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Sustainable Resources ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Systemic Risks ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Transformative Adaptation

Resilience and sustainability have each offered a path forward for post-COVID economic recovery and a post-Glasgow global financial order. Yet, the relationships between these two concepts are largely unexplored in economic policy and investment strategies. In light of emerging systemic risks and global demands for more resolute investments in resilience and sustainability, this perspective article took the position that policymakers must begin to draw greater conceptual, empirical, and practical linkages between sustainability and resilience. This perspective article provided a simplified framework for understanding the positively reinforcing, negatively conflicting, and neutral relationships between different types of resilience and sustainability consistent with two propositions. The Reinforcement Proposition argues (i) that various resilience processes may drive sustainable outcomes, and/or (ii) that an allocation of sustainable resources may reinforce resilience processes, as well as the transformative adaptation of markets. Conversely, the Conflict Proposition argues (i) that certain resilience processes may perpetuate stability features that may thwart an economic transition toward sustainability, and/or (ii) that certain sustainability outcomes associated with reorganized economic structures and relationships may undermine resources for resilience. This framework provides policymakers with an opportunity to evaluate the convergent and conflicting trade-offs of resilience processes and sustainable outcomes.

Mutual fund management in the period of financial crisis

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
О. А. Bank
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Mutual Fund ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Investment Strategy ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Fixed Income ◽  
Fund Management ◽  
Fund Managers ◽  
Different Types

Mutual fund managers do not have full freedom in choosing investment strategies - they are limited both by the laws and by investment declarations of the funds. Investment strategy cannot be fully changed even in financial crisis but it only can be corrected. This fact could not be characterized as a disadvantage because different types of funds are efficient in different time even during the same economic recession. Mutual fund manager should rationally invest funds of their clients: it is better to keep the maximum possible part of the portfolio in cash and instruments with fixed income on the declining market and it is better to keep shares on the rising market. However the choice of bonds also as the choice of shares should pay respect for the features of these instruments during unfavorable economic conditions. Russian mutual fund management differs from fund management in other countries as in stable economic situation so in the circumstances of financial crisis.

Challenges in the Empirical Study of Global Governance Legitimacy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Political Communities

This commentary discusses three challenges for the promising and ambitious research agenda outlined in the volume. First, it interrogates the volume’s attempts to differentiate political communities of legitimation, which may vary widely in composition, power, and relevance across institutions and geographies, with important implications not only for who matters, but also for what gets legitimated, and with what consequences. Second, it examines avenues to overcome possible trade-offs from gains in empirical tractability achieved through the volume’s focus on actor beliefs and strategies. One such trade-off is less attention to evolving norms and cultural factors that may underpin actors’ expectations about what legitimacy requires. Third, it addresses the challenge of theory building that can link legitimacy sources, (de)legitimation practices, audiences, and consequences of legitimacy across different types of institutions.

scholarly journals Between Market Failures and Justice Failures: Trade-Offs Between Efficiency and Equality in Business Ethics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie Blunden
Keyword(s):  
Business Ethics ◽  
Private Firms ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Efficiency Losses ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hybrid Theory ◽  
Market Failures Approach ◽  
Ethical Obligations

AbstractThe Market Failures Approach (MFA) is one of the leading theories in contemporary business ethics. It generates a list of ethical obligations for the managers of private firms that states that they should not create or exploit market failures because doing so reduces the efficiency of the economy. Recently the MFA has been criticised by Abraham Singer on the basis that it unjustifiably does not assign private managers obligations based on egalitarian values. Singer proposes an extension to the MFA, the Justice Failures Approach (JFA), in which managers have duties to alleviate political, social, and distributive inequalities in addition to having obligations to not exploit market failures. In this paper I describe the MFA and JFA and situate them relative to each other. I then highlight a threefold distinction between different types of obligations that can be given to private managers in order to argue that a hybrid theory of business ethics, which I call the MFA + , can be generated by arguing that managers have obligations based on efficiency and duties based on equality to the extent that these latter obligations do not lead to efficiency losses. This argument suggests a novel theoretical option in business ethics, elucidates the issues that are at stake between the MFA and the JFA, and clarifies the costs and benefits of each theory.

Investing in Sustainable Infrastructure in Latin America: Instruments, Strategies and Partnerships for Institutional Investors Mobilization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Leo Frisari ◽  
Max Messervy
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Institutional Investors ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Investment Opportunity ◽  
Sustainable Infrastructure

Despite the significant challenges in mobilizing investors resources towards sustainable infrasctrure investments in Latin America and the Carribbean, an investment opportunity in low carbon and resilient assets exists and represents a critical step towards a sustainable economic recovery from the financial duress due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on health and economic systems of the region. This papers contribuition is two-fold: it attempts to estimate and size an ideal sustainable investable pipeline accross the region generated by several policies promoting public-private-partnerships (PPP) in the transport and energy sectors. Then it identifies and details different investment strategies and financial instruments available to institutional investors to invest in the region while mitigating the risks they perceived and hinder the mobilization of their resources. Such strategies discussed in the paper include: joint ventures with local counterparties, direct and active investments in the national markets, and/or access to markets via partnerships with development financial institutions.

Iran’s hopes of swift economic recovery will be dashed

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Islamic Revolution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
Supreme Leader

Significance His government is in an impasse with the conservative parliament over the draft budget for the new fiscal year beginning on March 21. Rouhani needs the US sanctions to be lifted fast and a COVID-19 vaccination campaign to allow for an exit from the pandemic in order to meet his economic promises. Impacts The supreme leader will become even more closely involved in shaping economic policy, with the autarkic ‘resistance’ narrative dominant. Khamenei may seek a new ‘jihadi manager’ president, linked to the Islamic Revolution Guard Corps (IRGC), who follows his economic vision. Progress with vaccinations, which began on February 8, will likely be slow, as supplies have become highly politicised.

scholarly journals Research on Mediating Mechanisms and the Impact on Food Provision Services in Poor Areas from the Perspective of Stakeholders

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10510
Author(s):  
Tianwei Geng ◽  
Hai Chen ◽  
Di Liu ◽  
Qinqin Shi ◽  
Hang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mediating Mechanisms ◽  
The Common ◽  
Food Provision ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Exploring and analyzing the common demands and behavioral responses of different stakeholders is important for revealing the mediating mechanisms of ecosystem service (ES) and realizing the management and sustainable supply of ES. This study took Mizhi County, a poverty-stricken area on the Loess Plateau in China, as an example. First, the main stakeholders, common demands, and behavioral responses in the food provision services were identified. Second, the relationship among stakeholders was analyzed. Finally, this study summarized three types of mediating mechanisms of food provision services and analyzed the influence of the different types of mediating mechanisms. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Five main stakeholders in the study area were identified: government, farmers, enterprises, cooperatives, and middlemen. (2) Increasing farmers’ income is the common demand of most stakeholders in the study area, and this common demand has different effects on the behavioral responses of different stakeholders. (3) There are three types of mediating mechanisms in the study area: government + farmers mediating corn and mutton, government + enterprises mediating millet, and government + cooperatives mediating apples. On this basis, the effects of the different types of mediating mechanisms on variations in food yield, and trade-offs and synergies in typical townships, were analyzed.

Public Capital and Innovation

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Richard Agénor
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Capital ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Innovation Capacity ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This chapter extends the Allais–Samuelson Overlapping Generations models presented in chapters 1 and 2 to study interactions between infrastructure and human capital with R&D activities and growth. It begins by providing some background evidence on these interactions. The model is then presented and solved, and the impact of public policy, including potential trade-offs associated with the provision of infrastructure and other services by the government, is discussed. Again, this is a critical issue; if governments have access to limited resources to cover their expenditure, different types of government interventions may entail (temporary or permanent) trade-offs at the macroeconomic level—even though at the microeconomic or sectoral level these interventions are largely complementary. In addition, different types of government intervention may generate spillover effects on other sectors, which may have an indirect impact on innovation capacity.

scholarly journals Risk Surface: A Visualization of Data Sharing Risk for Enterprise Users

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 297-301
Author(s):  
Mark F. St. John ◽  
Woodrow Gustafson ◽  
April Martin ◽  
Ronald A. Moore ◽  
Christopher A. Korkos
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Surface Design ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Shared Data ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Risk Visualization ◽  
Visualization Of Data

Enterprises share a wide variety of data with different partners. Tracking the risks and benefits of this data sharing is important for avoiding unwarranted risks of data exploitation. Data sharing risk can be characterized as a combination of trust in data sharing partners to not exploit shared data and the sensitivity, or potential for harm, of the data. Data sharing benefits can be characterized as the value likely to accrue to the enterprise from sharing the data by making the enterprise’s objectives more likely to succeed. We developed a risk visualization concept called a risk surface to support users monitoring for high risks and poor risk-benefit trade-offs. The risk surface design was evaluated in a series of two focus groups conducted with human factors professionals. Across the two studies, the design was improved and ultimately rated as highly useful. A risk surface needs to 1) convey which data, as joined data sets, are shared with which partners, 2) convey the degree of risk due to sharing that data, 3) convey the benefits of the data sharing and the trade-off between risk and benefits, and 4) be easy to scan at scale, since enterprises are likely to share many different types of data with many different partners.

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