scholarly journals Spatial Characteristics of Wildlife-Vehicle Collisions of Water Deer in Korea Expressway

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13523
Author(s):  
Hyomin Park ◽  
Minkyung Kim ◽  
Sangdon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Spatial Characteristics ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
The Road ◽  
Forested Areas

In recent decades, rapid industrial growth has accelerated the construction of new roads, which has led to the destruction and isolation of wildlife habitats. Newly constructed roads affect wildlife in many ways. In particular, fatal wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVCs) have a direct impact on wildlife. A substantial number of WVCs occur every year on expressways, where vehicle speeds and vehicle traffic are significant. However, our understanding of the relative importance of the factors associated with areas in which large numbers of WVCs occur on the expressway remains poor. Therefore, herein, we analyze the spatial characteristics of WVCs. The effect of spatial distribution on the occurrence of WVCs was analyzed using the types of land cover in the areas where water deer appear (Cheongju, Boeun, and Sangju) and the areas in which WVCs occur along the Cheongju–Sangju Expressway (CSE). We identified the WVC hotspots by using CSE patrol data recorded between January 2008 and December 2019, and we analyzed the corresponding distribution patterns and land cover characteristics. Along the CSE, a total of 1082 WVCs occurred, out of which collisions involving water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus) accounted for 91%. Water deer appear frequently in Forested Areas and Agricultural Land, but the WVC distribution in the Hotspots followed a highly clustered pattern, with a higher proportion of WVCs occurring in Used Areas (areas including buildings such as residential facilities, commercial and industrial facilities, and transportation facilities). Used Areas have a smaller cut slope compared to Forested Areas, and Used Areas are open terrains. Therefore, the occurrence of WVCs will be high given that wildlife can easily access the expressway. Based on these results, we can infer that the landscapes near the expressway influence the occurrence of WVCs. To establish an effective policy for reducing WVCs on a road, the WVC characteristics and spatial distribution of the road should be considered together. Further research on the wildlife ecology and land-use status of WVC hotspots is required to mitigate WVCs on expressways and protect human and animal life. Therefore, if the characteristics of WVC hotspots are analyzed considering the characteristics of various ecosystems, an appropriate WVC reduction plan can be established.

scholarly journals PROBABILITAS PERUBAHAN TUTUPAN LAHAN BERDASARKAN KEBERADAAN LOKASI WISATA DI WILAYAH PESISIR SARBAGITA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Wayan Damar Windu Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
The Road ◽  
Network Pattern

he availability of land for fulfillment of space in the Sarbagita coastal area is increasingly limited. This iscaused by the rapid development of tourism in the Sarbagita coastal region, which can eliminate a large portion ofproductive agricultural land. This study specifically examines the probability value of land cover change, especially fromnon-built up area to built up area, in the Sarbagita coastal area until 2030. Calculation of the probability of land coverchange is done through fuzzy set logic which is assessed based on 1 main parameter, namely tourist location and 2supporting parameters, namely accessibility and service facilities, and also limiting factors. The value of the fuzzymembership is taken from Landsat images from 1995 to 2015. The results show the probability of changes in land coverhas values from 0 (very low) to 0.97 (very high). This means that there is no one land that must change (value 1) fromnon-built land to being built. The probability of a high land cover change tends to follow the road network pattern.  

scholarly journals POLA PERSEBARAN PERMUKIMAN PENDUDUK DI KECAMATAN TALIABU BARAT LAUT KABUPATEN TALIABU

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriansyah Adriansyah ◽  
Rahma Musyawarah
Keyword(s):  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
The Road ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Third ◽  
Settlement Distribution

The formulation of the problem in this study are: 1) What is the pattern of population settlements in Taliabu Barat Northwest District Taliabu District, 2) What are the factors that influence the population settlement patterns in Taliabu Northwest District Taliabu District. The purpose of this study is 1) To describe the population settlement patterns in Taliabu Northwest District, Taliabu Regency. 2) To find out the factors that influence the population settlement patterns in Taliabu Northwest District Taliabu District. This type of research is descriptive qualitative using a case study approach. Data collection techniques are observation, questionnaire, and documentation.Analysis of the pattern of settlement distribution was measured using the analysis of the nearest neighbor (nearest neighbor analysis), namely by calculating the size of the nearest neighbor parameter (T). Based on the results of the research on the Distribution Pattern of Population Settlements in Taliabu Northwest Subdistrict, Taliabu District, the pattern is uniform because the value of T ≥ 1.4 is the value of T = 2.54 m and patterned to follow the path or linear settlement pattern. Factors of settlement distribution patterns in Taliabu Northwest Subdistrict, Taliabu Regency are influenced by: First the community prefers to establish settlements in the coastal area of 67.3% and close to the road by 56.4%; The two of them mostly use their land as plantation land of 78.2% and agricultural land by 20%; The third source of water comes from the PDAM of 50.9% and is> 31 m at 54.5%; The four availability of natural resources mostly comes from agriculture / plantations, which is 96.4%. 

Amphibian mortality levels on Spanish country roads: descriptive and spatial analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neftalí Sillero
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Age Factors ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Spatial Distribution Patterns ◽  
The Road

Abstract Road-kills are the greatest source of direct human-induced wildlife mortality, especially in amphibians. Country roads could act as the most important source of mortality when main roads act as strong barriers hampering the migration movements of some species. Mortality patterns of amphibians on country roads (1380 km) were studied in Salamanca (Spain) in order to quantify the mortality levels, to test the effects of sex and age factors on road-kills, to determine the spatial distribution patterns of road-kills, and to identify routes of migration through a friction map and hotspots of road-kills. From a total of 819 records of amphibians, 38.1% were road-killed and 61.9% were live. Fourteen amphibian species were recorded during the surveys (10 anurans and four urodeles). The species more affected by road-kills were the anurans Bufo calamita, Pelobates cultripes and B. bufo (38.5, 23.4 and 11.9%, respectively). Females had higher incidence of road-kills than males, due to the differential activity patterns of both sexes during the reproductive period. Adults were the most common age period and also the most road-killed. The spatial distribution patterns of live and road-killed records were clustered. On the sampled roads, there were 0.23 road-kills per kilometre and 52 hotspots of road-kills. The friction map showed that most of the road-killed and live specimens were located on migration routes crossing suitable habitats. Conservation measures should be implemented in these areas, as these mortality patterns may be causing significant negative impacts at the population level.

scholarly journals Agricultural land cover changes in metropolitan areas of Poland for the period 1990–2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Nalej
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Land Covers ◽  
Percentage Share ◽  
Total Study Area

Abstract Agricultural land covers more than half the area of metropolitan areas in Poland, and is therefore particularly prone to the influences of the processes associated with their development. The aim of the study was to analyse changes in agricultural land cover within the metropolitan areas of Poland for the years 1990–2012; and to capture their dynamics, types and directions. The percentage share of the total study area, for each of the forms of agricultural land cover and their changes were traced, with the spatial distribution of the changes also being determined. The results of the study show that in metropolitan areas, agricultural land cover is undergoing transformations that do not result in the loss of agricultural lands, or that involve a decrease in surface area due to their change into anthropogenic forms of land cover. The greatest transitions occurred between 2000 and 2006 and were observed in the outer zones of metropolitan areas.

DISTRIBUSI SPASIAL INDUSTRI DI KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN

Horizon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
Sendi Sendi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Random Pattern ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Goods And Services

This study aims to obtain data, manage, analyze, discuss the spatial distribution of industries in Padang Pariaman District, seen from: 1) Spatial Distribution of Large and Medium Industries, 2) Spatial Patterns, and 3) Industrial Impacts on Society. This type of research is included in the descriptive study. The population in this study are all large and medium industries in Padang Pariaman District. The sample of this research is all large and medium industries in the Padang Pariaman District taken by sampling technique that is total sampling where the number of samples is equal to the population. Data analysis techniques using the nearest neighbor analysis and descriptive analysis. The results of this study found that: 1) in Padang Pariaman District there were 57 large and medium industries spread across 9 Subdistricts of 17 Subdistricts. The distribution of large and medium industries is most found in Batang Anai Sub District with 31 industries. Based on industry classification, it is divided into 4 types, namely: industry based on the number of workers and capital, industry based on goods produced, industry based on type, and industry based on general activities carried out, 2) distribution patterns of large and medium industries in Padang Pariaman District more scattered cluster (cluster). For the pattern of distribution of large industries in Padang Pariaman District is more unevenly distributed (random pattern), whereas the tendency of the pattern of medium industry distribution in Padang Pariaman District is more spread in clusters, 3) Viewed from industrial growth in Padang Pariaman District from 2016 -2018 continues to increase so that the need for labor also increases. All of that greatly affects the welfare of society and the value of goods and services produced by the economic system in Padang Pariaman District.

scholarly journals DEPENDENCE OF VEHICLE COLLISIONS WITH ROE DEER ON SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL FACTORS IN LITHUANIA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Galinskaitė ◽  
Gytautas Ignatavičius ◽  
Vaidotas Valskys
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Animal Suffering ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
Surrounding Landscape

Rising road densities, vehicle speeds limits and traffic volumes, combined with recent growth in the population density of various deer species, have increased the risk of DVCs across the world, causing a great deal of animal suffering, traffic safety problems and socio-economic costs. Object of this investigation was to find out collisions trend with roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Lithuania. The aim of our study was to determine where in Lithuania accidents occure more frequently and evaluate these accidents in time. In 2013–2017 number of AVCs in Lithuania was recorded more then 12 011 times, over half of 7155 occur with roe deer. The temporality of accidents was studied under three scales – daily, weekly and seasonal. Daily peaks start at 7:00 (8.75%), 8:00 (6.08%). Evening peaks, start at 17:00 (7.71%), other at 22:00 (10.64%) hours. Week collisions with roe deer increase on Friday 14.9%. The risk of collision with roe deer varies over the year – the majority of crashes occur in May 14.7% and November 10.7%. In spatial study localization of collision data with ArcGIS 10.3. It was found that road surrounding landscape dominated by agricultural land collisions occurred at a maximum of 29.77%. 19.10% collisions were recorded in the forest area. In built-up areas 11.85%. Analysis of these trends allow to simulate and predict when and where the highest risk of DVCs occurs. In conclusion, this could give valuable information and constitute a manageable tool for the road managers, planners, scientist, wildlife conservationist who are interested in these type of accidents in regions of Lithuania.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of agricultural land carrying capacity in Purworejo Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Sudrajat Sudrajat ◽  
Ananda Trisakti Nugroho ◽  
Elvita Savitri ◽  
Ismi Nuari Puspitaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Local Food ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Distribution Trends

The increasing population in Purworejo Regency has a negative impact on the availability of agricultural land. As a result, available agricultural land is decreasing it’s carrying capacity, in producing food for the population. Based on these problems, the study was carried out to analyze the spatial temporally distribution trends of the carrying capacity of agricultural land in the Purworejo Regency area from 2009–2018. The study used secondary data 2009–20018 and analyzed descriptively qualitatively. Spatially the results of the study found that there were variations in the spatial distribution patterns of the carrying capacity of agricultural land in Purworejo Regency from 2009–2018, while judging by the trend, there was a tendency for the carrying capacity of agricultural land in each sub-district, the trend of which increased, decreased and some remained . The results of this study also found that the carrying capacity of agricultural land in each sub-district in Purworejo Regency was between 1-≤2.46. If the trend of decreasing the carrying capacity of agricultural land is allowed to continue, the ability of the sub-district to produce food will decrease, so that the availability of local food will decrease. For this reason, it is natural for the Purworejo Regency Government to adopt a policy to control agricultural land so that the sub-districts that become food storage can be maintained.

scholarly journals Gestion Des Risques Majeurs Au Maroc: Les Instabilités De Terrain

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Yazidi Mohamed ◽  
Eloutassi Noureddine ◽  
Nabih Khadija ◽  
Hammi Abdel Hadi ◽  
Yazidi Abdelaziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
The Road ◽  
Gestion Des Risques ◽  
Anthropogenic Action ◽  
Risk Zones ◽  
Steep Slopes

Instabilities of the ground is regarded as one of the most serious problems that affect many areas in Morocco. The study is important and beneficial because it concerns various sections of the Rif area. Indeed, certain zones which came at the top have been seriously affected. Disorders are numerous: destruction of homes, loss of agricultural land, and deterioration of infrastructure (roads, railways, and bridges). The aim of this study is focused on the zones where the road network generally is much damaged. This, however, causes a disturbance and even an interruption of the road traffic during stormy periods. The detailed study of lithology, climatology, geomorphology, hydrology, and the slope of the studied zones allows us to highlight the characteristics of the unstable grounds. It also helped us to figure out that the rheological nature of the ground plays a significant role in the characterization of the type of movement.The analysis of various movements which was found enables us to conclude that an instability of the ground depends on the conjunction on many factors, whether they are of provision or release. The most important factors causing the instabilities of the ground are: The alternation of rocks of nature; permeability and plasticity were well contrasted. The rugged relief and steep slopes. Geotechnical properties. Seismicity. Irregular rainfall. Geomorphology and land use. Anthropogenic action. Spatial distribution of the risk zones shows that the majority of the studied sections experience strong risks and medium risks levels.

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