scholarly journals Perceptions of Urban Pollution of River Dependent Rural Communities and Their Impact: A Case Study in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13959
Author(s):  
Dibash Deb ◽  
Petra Schneider ◽  
Zawhar Dudayev ◽  
Arian Emon ◽  
Songa Scholastica Areng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Fisheries Resources ◽  
Urban Solid Waste

This study considers the Old Brahmaputra River, Bangladesh, as a case study regarding community perceptions on urban pollution and its impact on rural communities. In doing so, in-depth individual interviews (n = 195), key informant interviews (n = 7), and focus group discussions (n = 7) were conducted by emphasizing different perspectives on urban pollution and its effects on people related to losses of fisheries resources, agricultural production, human health, and livelihood transformation. The findings illustrate that poor urban solid waste management and direct sewage discharge degrade rivers daily. The most vulnerable rural communities are directly dependent upon the river, including fishermen, farmers, and boatmen. Specific measures such as an effluent treatment plant should be established near the river, and households and commercial drains should be cut off from the direct connection with the river. Alternative income-generating activities for the stakeholders are suggested to safeguard the river from urban pollution and the wellbeing of the stakeholders.

scholarly journals Occupational inhalation injury by Hydrogen Sulfide causing multi organ failure –A case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karishma Shamarukh ◽  
- Mohammad Omar Faruq ◽  
Nasrin Jahan ◽  
Amina Sultana ◽  
Ridwan Naim Faruq
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Inhalation Injury ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Effluent Treatment Plant ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Brain Ct Scan ◽  
Serious Injuries

Hydrogen sulfide is a notorious agent known to cause serious injuries in the occupational field. We are going to discussa case of a 20 years old male working in a effluent treatment plant in Savar, Bangladesh who accidentally entered thefume room and was exposed to the toxic gas. He lost consciousness and was brought to our care from a local hospitalafter endotracheal intubation condition. He was found in state of unconsciousness grade III on admission to our ICU.His brain CT scan revealed diffuse cerebral edema. Chest X-ray revealed finding suggestive of diffuse pneumonitis.Cardiology evaluation suggested Toxic cardiomyopathy as his high sensitive Troponin I was very high on admission (2037ng/L). Supportive care was given in the form of mechanical ventilation, antibiotics, anticonvulsant andanti-ischemic medications. Patient regained consciousness on day 10 after admission and gradually improvedclinically. By the end of the month of stay in hospital he was significantly improved. Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2019; 7(2): 113-115

scholarly journals Enhancing public sectors’ capacity for inclusive economic participation of disabled youth in rural communities

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieketseng Ned ◽  
Theresa Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Organisational Capacity ◽  
Full Participation ◽  
Holistic Understanding

Background: The capacity of service providers in the public sector to deliver inclusive services is essential to implement strategies that will allow the full participation of disabled youth in development opportunities in the rural context. Objective: The article sets to describe the capacity of service providers in facilitating participation of disabled youth in economic development opportunities. Method: An instrumental, embedded single case study informed the research design. The sample consisted of five disabled youth, four family members as well as six service providers. Data was gathered through in-depth individual interviews and focus group discussions. Data analysis was done inductively and thematically. In the discussion, the interpretation used organisational capacity elements as a framework. Findings: The theme on service providers indicates their understanding of disability as still a multifaceted and a challenging issue with different orientations to service delivery based on understanding of impairment and disability. There is a dominant focus on impairment and negative attitudes. Discussion: An asset building approach could facilitate awareness of capacities of disabled youth and thus shift negative attitudes to an enabling attitude. The vague strategies for youth and women that are described as inclusive are a misrepresentation of the reality of experiences of disabled youth. Conclusion: An appreciative process of facilitating a holistic understanding of the needs of disabled people is needed to assist service providers to reconceptualise disability within an expansive framework.

scholarly journals The Role of Rural Educational Leadership in Influencing Societal Behaviour: A Case Study of Goromonzi District: Educational Leaders’ Perceptive

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 149-164
Author(s):  
E. Mafigu ◽  
B.C. Chisaka
Keyword(s):  
Educational Leadership ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cultural Shift ◽  
Rural Context

This study establishes the role of rural educational leadership in influencing societal behaviour, focusing Goromonzi District. It was positioned alongside the behavioural theories and the African unhu/ubuntu philosophy, informed by a qualitative case study. It made use of interviews, focus group discussions and observations in the generation of data from a purposive sample of three rural secondary schools. The rural context has its own set of unique community identifiers, making rural schools remarkably different from those found in the urban centres. The rural community is experiencing an influx of urban migration and as a result, the disturbance of an ideal rural setting is posing a challenge to the educational leadership in impacting the societal behaviour in the way it ought to be. Moreover, the educational leadership in the rural community is often characterised by lack of understanding of the rural communities’ traditional beliefs and practices, giving rise to contradictions with what the educational leadership intends to promote and encourage at times. Consequently, a cultural shift and contextual adaptation of distinctive attitudes and behaviours that enhance positive behaviour transformation becomes imperative. Above it all, studying rural behavioural trends as a response to educational leadership was paradoxical journey. The study thus, concludes that while literature points out that leadership has a direct influence of the behaviour of its community, this cannot go far unless the educational leadership deliberately aligns its own behaviour with the dictates of unhu/ubuntu philosophy which has a place in the African rural context.

Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Tanks Planted with Rooted Macrophytes: Case Study; Description of the System; Design Criteria; and Efficiency

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Boutin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Elimination Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Urban Neighborhood ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
First Results ◽  
Operational Aspects

For several years, the CEMAGREF has been interested in the study of treatment plants adapted to rural areas. In this field, “macrophyte beds”, as a new procedure in water treatment, has been closely followed. This treatment plant is made up of a series of watertight tubes filled with gravel and rooted with aquatic plants. Since autumn of 1982, this plant has been treating the wastewater of a rehabilitation center which functions according to a scholastic calendar. Receiving loading of 28 population equivalents, the plant must be able to cope with loading variations reaching a factor of 6. The total planted surface is 63 m2, thus 2.5 m2 per population equivalent. The different series of measurements taken during an annual plant cycle show that:–the abatement of the organic loading (COD, BOD5) reaches 85% to 90%;–the elimination rate of total nitrogen is near 50%;–the phosphorus is mineralised but is not retained by the treatment. The samplings of effluent discharge, taken several times over a three year study period, showed that the once satisfactory discharge had degraded. The origin of this degradation should be looked into. The first results (as described above) will be completed by those obtained during a study which is being conducted on a larger scale (500 population equivalent). This plant was put into use in September 1985 and receives a loading of domestic wastewater from an urban neighborhood. The research project has as its aim to optimize both the economic and operational aspects of the treatment plant to answer the real needs of small rural communities.

Treatment of wastewater from a low-temperature carbonization process industry through biological and chemical oxidation processes for recycle/reuse: a case study

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 2563-2573 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Biswas ◽  
S. Bagchi ◽  
C. Urewar ◽  
D. Gupta ◽  
T. Nandy
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Tertiary Stage ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Recycle And Reuse

Low-temperature carbonization (LTC) of coal generates highly complex wastewater warranting stringent treatment. Developing a techno-economically viable treatment facility for such wastewaters is a challenging task. The paper discusses a case study pertaining to an existing non-performing effluent treatment plant (ETP). The existing ETP comprising an ammonia stripper followed by a single stage biological oxidation was unable to treat 1,050 m3/d of effluent as per the stipulated discharge norms. The treated effluent from the existing ETP was characterized with high concentrations of ammonia (75–345 mg N/l), COD (313–1,422 mg/l) and cyanide (0.5–4 mg/l). Studies were undertaken to facilitate recycling/reuse of the treated effluent within the plant. A second stage biooxidation process was investigated at pilot scale for the treatment of the effluent from the ETP. This was further subjected to tertiary treatment with 0.5% dose of 4% hypochlorite which resulted in effluent with pH: 6.6–6.8, COD: 73–121 mg/l, and BOD5:<10 mg/l. Phenol, cyanide and ammonia were below detectable limits and the colourless effluent was suitable for recycle and reuse. Thus, a modified treatment scheme comprising ammonia pre-stripping followed by two-stage biooxidation process and a chemical oxidation step with hypochlorite at tertiary stage was proposed for recycle/reuse of LTC wastewater.

scholarly journals Análise das práticas de reuso de água residual: estudo de casos em lavanderias industriais

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Mariane Cásseres Souza ◽  
Andrea Vargas ◽  
Gislaine Gabriele Saueressig ◽  
Juliane Luchese ◽  
Jéssica Mariella Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Dry Cleaning ◽  
Effluent Treatment Plant ◽  
Multiple Case

Water is an abundantly used input in industrial laundry processes. The reuse of water in effluent treatment plant reduces costs and brings environmental benefits, that is, an eco-efficiency factor. This study aims to analyze the practices of water reuse in industrial laundries on its effluent treatment plants. In this regard it was studied two medium-sized companies in the field of industrial laundries located in southern Brazil. The research method used was multiple case study. The results show the decrease in the polluting load with the water recycling process with consequent cost reduction. The application of technologies and substances used without harming the environment with the use of wet washing and dry cleaning has been observed. From the results, a vision of best practices is proposed found in water reuse benefits associated with the management of cleaner production in terms of eco-efficiency.

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