Soil Respiration Response to Long-Term Freezing Saline Water Irrigation with Plastic Mulching in Coastal Saline Plain

Globally soil salinity is one of the most devastating environmental stresses affecting agricultural systems and causes huge economic losses each year. High soil salinity causes osmotic stress, nutritional imbalance and ion toxicity to plants and severely affects crop productivity in farming systems. Freezing saline water irrigation and plastic mulching techniques were successfully developed in our previous study to desalinize costal saline soil. Understanding how microbial communities respond during saline soil amelioration is crucial, given the key roles soil microbes play in ecosystem succession. In the present study, the community composition, diversity, assembly and potential ecological functions of archaea, bacteria and fungi in coastal saline soil under amelioration practices of freezing saline water irrigation, plastic mulching and the combination of freezing saline water irrigation and plastic mulching were assessed through high-throughput sequencing. These amelioration practices decreased archaeal and increased bacterial richness while leaving fungal richness little changed in the surface soil. Functional prediction revealed that the amelioration practices, especially winter irrigation with saline water and film mulched in spring, promoted a community harboring heterotrophic features. β-null deviation analysis illustrated that amelioration practices weakened the deterministic processes in structuring coastal saline soil microbial communities. These results advanced our understanding of the responses of the soil microbiome to amelioration practices and provided useful information for developing microbe-based remediation approaches in coastal saline soils.

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Response of ammonia-oxidizing Bacteria and Archaea to long-term saline water irrigation in alluvial grey desert soils

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-57402-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Huijuan Guo ◽

Lijuan Ma ◽

Yongchao Liang ◽

Zhenan Hou ◽

Wei Min

Keyword(s):

Saline Water ◽

Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽

Desert Soils ◽

Saline Water Irrigation

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The Effect of Salinity on the Growth of Lavender Species

Water ◽

10.3390/w12030618 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 618

Author(s):

Angeliki T. Paraskevopoulou ◽

Anna Kontodaimon Karantzi ◽

Georgios Liakopoulos ◽

Paraskevi A. Londra ◽

Konstantinos Bertsouklis

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Saline Water ◽

Saline Irrigation ◽

Saline Water Irrigation ◽

Lavandula Stoechas ◽

Stem Necrosis ◽

Nursery Crops ◽

Alternative Water

Long term degradation of water quality from natural resources has led to the use of alternative water resources for irrigation that are saline. Saline water irrigation in floriculture for the production of nursery crops requires an understanding of plant response. The pot growth of four lavender species (Lavandula angustifolia, Lavandula dentata var. dentata, Lavandula dentata var. candicans and Lavandula stoechas) irrigated with water containing different concentrations of NaCl (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mM) was investigated under greenhouse conditions. Overall results of different plant growth variables were consistent, showing a significant decrease at 100 and 200 mM NaCl. All lavender species showed signs of salinity stress that included chlorosis, followed by leaf and stem necrosis at NaCl concentrations greater than 50 mM. L. dentata var. dentata showed the greatest plant growth followed in descending order by L. dentata var. candicans, L. stoechas and L. angustifolia. Despite greater growth of L. dentata var. dentata, the appearance of L. dentata var. candicans was “healthier”. In areas with saline irrigation water, L. dentata var. dentata and L. dentata var. candicans are proposed for the production of lavender nursery crops.

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The Clogging Rules of Ceramic Emitter in Irrigation Using Saline Water with Different EC

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9080436 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 436

Author(s):

Huifang Chen ◽

Yanfang Liu ◽

Junying Chen ◽

Lin Zhang ◽

Yaohui Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Calcium Carbonate ◽

Growth Process ◽

Saline Water ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Saline Water Irrigation ◽

Discharge Ratio ◽

Main Component

Infiltration irrigation with saline water is a more effective method than drip irrigation to alleviate water scarcity worldwide, but so far, no report has discussed the clogging rules of ceramic emitters, a major component of infiltration irrigation system. To explore the clogging mechanism of ceramic emitter in saline water infiltration irrigation system, we used four kinds of saline water sources with electrical conductivity (EC) of 0.18, 1.74, 3.78, and 7.74 ds/m, respectively. In addition, we specifically investigated the law of discharge ratio variation (Dra) of ceramic emitters, as well as the composition and growth process of clogging substance. The results indicated that the Dra of ceramic emitters decreased in the process of saline water irrigation, and the higher the EC, the more obvious the decrease. The calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was the main component of the clogging substance in the inner wall of ceramic emitters. The clogging part was a layer on the inner wall of the emitters rather than the pores in the walls, and the clogging did not occur suddenly. Instead, it was caused by the long–term accumulation of the clogging substance. Moreover, with the increase of EC, the flocculation between the clogging particles in the water was enhanced and thus promoted the formation of stable and compact aggregates, which fundamentally led to the clogging acceleration of ceramic emitters. This clogging mechanism of ceramic emitters can provide some theoretical reference for the establishment of anti-clogging strategy.

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Simulation of Saline Water Irrigation for Seed Maize in Arid Northwest China Based on SWAP Model

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11164264 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (16) ◽

pp. 4264 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Chengfu Yuan ◽

Shaoyuan Feng ◽

Zailin Huo ◽

Quanyi Ji

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Brackish Water ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Saline Water ◽

Maize Yield ◽

Salt Transport ◽

Saline Water Irrigation ◽

Short Period ◽

Swap Model

Water resource shortages restrict the economic and societal development of China’s arid northwest. Drawing on groundwater resources for irrigation, field experiments growing seed maize (Zea mays L.) were conducted in 2013 and 2014 in the region’s Shiyang River Basin. The Soil–Water–Atmosphere–Plant (SWAP) model simulated soil water content, salinity, and water–salt transport, along with seed maize yield, in close agreement with measured values after calibration and validation. The model could accordingly serve to simulate different saline water irrigation scenarios for maize production in the study area. Waters with a salinity exceeding 6.0 mg/cm3 were not suitable for irrigation, whereas those between 3.0 and 5.0 mg/cm3 could be acceptable over a short period of time. Brackish water (0.71–2.0 mg/cm3) could be used with few restrictions. Long-term (five years) simulation of irrigation with saline water (3.0–5.0 mg/cm3) showed soil salinity to increase by over 9.5 mg/cm3 compared to initial levels, while seed maize yield declined by 25.0% compared with irrigation with brackish water (0.71 mg/cm3). An irrigation water salinity of 3.0–5.0 mg/cm3 was, therefore, not suitable for long-term irrigation in the study area. This study addressed significance issues related to saline water irrigation and serves as a guide for future agricultural production practices.

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Modeling water and salinity risks to viticulture under prolonged sustained deficit and saline water irrigation

Journal of Water and Climate Change ◽

10.2166/wcc.2018.186 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 901-915 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V. Phogat ◽

J. W. Cox ◽

J. Šimůnek ◽

P. Hayman

Keyword(s):

Deficit Irrigation ◽

Root Zone ◽

Saline Water ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Full Irrigation ◽

Drought Period ◽

Saline Water Irrigation ◽

Reduced Water ◽

Hydrus 1D

Abstract A numerical model (HYDRUS-1D) was used to evaluate the impacts of the long-term (2004–2015) use of sustained deficit irrigation (10% (D10%) and 20% (D20%) less than full), irrigations with increased water salinity (ECiw of 0.5 and 0.8 dS/m), 50% deficit irrigation during a drought period (DD50%), and DD50% coupled with an increased salinity of water (ECiw of 0.5 and 0.8 dS/m) on the water balance and salinity dynamics under grapevine in two soils at two locations with different climatic conditions. The results showed that D20% and DD50% significantly reduced water uptake and seasonal drainage (Dr) by the vines as compared to full irrigation. Vineyards established in light-textured soils showed two to five times larger drainage losses as compared to heavy-textured soils. The results revealed that the slight increase in the electrical conductivity of irrigation water (ECiw = 0.5 and 0.8 dS/m) increased the risks in terms of the amount of salts deposited in the soil and transport of large quantities of irrigation-induced salts beyond the root zone. Hence, it is imperative to monitor all of the important water, soil, and salinity drivers of agro-hydro-geological systems to understand the hydro-salinity dynamics and to ensure the long-term sustainability of irrigated viticulture.

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