scholarly journals SBA-15 Modified with Tethered Ionic Liquids Applied in the Esterification of Valeric Acid with Pentanol—Towards Cellulosic Biofuels

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-153
Author(s):  
Lisa Mullins ◽  
James A. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Valeric Acid ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Cellulosic Biofuels ◽  
Counter Ion ◽  
Nh3 Adsorption ◽  
Mesoporous Sio2

Two catalysts are prepared by tethering ionic liquid cation components (1-(propyl-3-sulfonate)-3-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) imidazolium) with either chloride or sulphate anions, to the surface of a mesoporous SiO2 material through a condensation reaction. These are characterized using elemental analysis, TGA-MS, FTIR (and D-FTIR), TEM, physisorption and NH3 adsorption (TPD and FTIR), and applied in the valeric acid + pentanol esterification reaction to form the sustainable biodiesel Pentyl Valerate. The material containing the sulfate counter-ion was significantly more active than the chloride analogue.

Tailoring ionic liquid catalysts: structure, acidity and catalytic activity of protonic ionic liquids based on anionic clusters, [(HSO4)(H2SO4)x]− (x = 0, 1, or 2)

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 3463-3471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Matuszek ◽  
Anna Chrobok ◽  
Fergal Coleman ◽  
Kenneth R. Seddon ◽  
Małgorzata Swadźba-Kwaśny
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Anionic Clusters ◽  
Physico Chemical

The speciation of a family of inexpensive, easily prepared protonic ionic liquids, their physico-chemical properties and their performance as catalysts in the model esterification reaction have been correlated.

One-Pot Syntheses of 2H-Indazolo[2,1-B] Phthalazine-Triones Catalyzed by Ionic Iiquid

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 1884-1887
Author(s):  
Fang Yang ◽  
Hong Jun Zang ◽  
Qing Kai Wang ◽  
Bo Wen Cheng ◽  
Yuan Lin Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Aromatic Aldehydes ◽  
One Pot

A simple and efficient one-pot method for the preparation of 2H-indazolo [2,1-b] phthalazine-triones from phthalhydrazide, dimedone and aromatic aldehydes has been developed using ionic liquids as catalysts. Two ionic liquid catalysts are described, and the ionic liquid [(CH2)4SO3HMIM]HSO4 catalyst is found to be more effective than [HMIM]HSO4 for this condensation reaction.

scholarly journals Dehydration of bioethanol with both pure ionic liquids and an ionic liquid anchored to mesoporous silica: A comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz A. Carreño-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Relative Volatility ◽  
Imidazolium Chloride ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Mesoporous Sio2

Bioethanol is produced by the fermentation of different raw materials; anhydrous ethanol is used as biofuel. This article reports the study of the dehydration of bioethanol by breaking the azeotrope, using ionic liquids as entrainers. Three ionic liquids (LIs) [EMIM][Cl], [EMIM][OAc], and [BMIM][Cl] were tested as entrainers; the behavior of ternary mixes of bioethanol-water-LI were evaluated through the activity coefficients and the relative volatility of bioethanol at 80°C and atmospheric pressure. In this first study it was concluded that the [EMIM][Cl] was the most effective IL for dehydration purposes: bioethanol (93.45 % v/v) after three cycles of extraction was (99.20 % v/v) when a mass ratio bioethanol-IL of 0.55 was used. Based on the first study, a composite was prepared by anchoring the LI 1-ethyl-(3-trimethoxysilil) propyl imidazolium chloride to mesoporous SiO2. The composite was characterized and it has been confirmed that there is a covalent bond between the IL and the matrix. The material was tested as dehydrating agent; results of these two studies were compared and showed that the pure ionic liquids could be used as entrainers in extractive distillations, breaking water-ethanol azeotrope, also showing the same ionic liquids able to be anchored to matrices as solid composites for dehydration, offering additional advantages such as selectivity, less time consuming, recyclability, and significantly diminishes (84%), the requirement for the amount of the IL.

A Phosphine-mediated Synthesis of 2,3,4,5-tetra-substituted Nhydroxypyrroles from α-oximino Ketones and Dialkyl Acetylenedicarboxylates Under Ionic Liquid Green-media

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Ashraf S. Shahvelayati ◽  
Maryam Ghazvini ◽  
Khadijeh Yadollahzadeh ◽  
Akram S. Delbari
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Sustainable Chemistry ◽  
Polyfunctional Compounds ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Reaction Media

Background: The development of multicomponent reactions (MCRs) in the presence of task-specific ionic liquids (ILs), used not only as environmentally benign reaction media, but also as catalysts, is a new approach that meet with the requirements of sustainable chemistry. In recent years, the use of ionic liquids as a green media for organic synthesis has become a chief study area. This is due to their unique properties such as non-volatility, non-flammability, chemical and thermal stability, immiscibility with both organic compounds and water and recyclability. Ionic liquids are used as environmentally friendly solvents instead of hazardous organic solvents. Objective: We report the condensation reaction between α-oximinoketone and dialkyl acetylene dicarboxylate in the presence of triphenylphosphine to afford substituted pyrroles under ionic liquid conditions in good yields. Result: Densely functionalized pyrroles was easily prepared from reaction of α-oximinoketones, dialkyl acetylene dicarboxylate in the presence of triphenylphosphine in a quantitative yield under ionic liquid conditions at room temperature. Conclusion: In conclusion, ionic liquids are indicated as a useful and novel reaction medium for the selective synthesis of functionalized pyrroles. This reaction medium can replace the use of hazardous organic solvents. Easy work-up, synthesis of polyfunctional compounds, decreased reaction time, having easily available-recyclable ionic liquids, and good to high yields are advantages of present method.

1,3-Dialkylimidazolium Dimethyl Phosphates – Effective Solvents and Catalysts for Condensation Reactions

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
L. Anteina ◽  
A. Gaidule ◽  
A. Zicmanis
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Malonic Acid ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Ethyl Cyanoacetate ◽  
Liquid Structure ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Condensation Reactions

Abstract We report the preparation, characterization and exploitation of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium dimethyl phosphates. Condensation reactions of benzaldehyde with ethyl cyanoacetate and with malonic acid were performed in these ionic liquids either in absence or in presence of other catalysts. The effect of ionic liquid structure on the condensation reaction rates and yields was discussed

scholarly journals Solvent-free Knoevenagel reaction catalysed by reusable pyrrolidinium base protic ionic liquids (PyrrILs): synthesis of long-chain alkylidenes

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 3214-3221 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. M. Alves Sobrinho ◽  
P. M. de Oliveira ◽  
C. R. Montes D'Oca ◽  
D. Russowsky ◽  
M. G. Montes D'Oca
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Knoevenagel Condensation ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Knoevenagel Reaction ◽  
Protic Ionic Liquids ◽  
Knoevenagel Condensation Reaction ◽  
Pyrrolidinium Ionic Liquid ◽  
Long Chain

In this work, an efficient and reusable pyrrolidinium ionic liquid (PyrrIL) catalysis system was developed and used in a Knoevenagel condensation reaction of long-chain aldehydes with several 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds.

Green preparation of quinoline derivatives through FeCl3·6H2O catalyzed Friedlander reaction in ionic liquids

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 1192-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianji Wang ◽  
Xuesen Fan ◽  
Xinying Zhang ◽  
Lijun Han
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Iron Chloride ◽  
Quinoline Derivatives ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Operating Process ◽  
Chloride Hexahydrate

The preparation of substituted quinoline derivatives through a Friedlander condensation reaction utilizing the ionic liquid [bmim][BF4] as the reaction medium and iron chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O) as a catalyst is described. The advantages in using this method include its environmental friendliness, simple operating process in both mild and neutral reaction conditions, and good yields.Key words: ionic liquid, Friedlander reaction, quinoline derivatives, green chemistry.

Aiding the versatility of simple ammonium ionic liquid by the synthesis of bioactive 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine, 2-aminothiazole and quinazolinones derivatives.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar Awasthi ◽  
Praachi Kakati ◽  
Preeti Singh ◽  
PRIYANKA YADAV
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Hantzsch Reaction ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Quinazolinone Derivatives ◽  
Biginelli Condensation ◽  
Ammonium Ionic Liquids

Simple ammonium ionic liquids [ILs] are the efficient, green, environment friendly catalyst in promoting Biginelli condensation reaction, Hantzsch reaction and Niementowski reaction to afford 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine, 2-aminothiazole and quinazolinone derivatives respectively...

Mapping the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of Ionic Liquids for Monomers, Polymers and Globular Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Pomposo
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Ionic Polymers ◽  
First Time ◽  
Solvent Power

Understanding the miscibility behavior of ionic liquid (IL) / monomer, IL / polymer and IL / nanoparticle mixtures is critical for the use of ILs as green solvents in polymerization processes, and to rationalize recent observations concerning the superior solubility of some proteins in ILs when compared to standard solvents. In this work, the most relevant results obtained in terms of a three-component Flory-Huggins theory concerning the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of ILs when compared to traditional non-ionic solvents for monomeric solutes (case I), linear polymers (case II) and globular nanoparticles (case III) are presented. Moreover, useful ESP maps are drawn for the first time for IL mixtures corresponding to case I, II and III. Finally, a potential pathway to improve the miscibility of non-ionic polymers in ILs is also proposed.

Dynamics of Ion Locking in Doubly Polymerized Ionic Liquids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Arora ◽  
Julisa Rozon ◽  
Jennifer Laaser
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Ion Motion ◽  
Charged Species ◽  
Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
Insight Into

<div>In this work, we investigate the dynamics of ion motion in “doubly-polymerized” ionic liquids (DPILs) in which both charged species of an ionic liquid are covalently linked to the same polymer chains. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy is used to characterize these materials over a broad frequency and temperature range, and their behavior is compared to that of conventional “singly-polymerized” ionic liquids (SPILs) in which only one of the charged species is attached to the polymer chains. Polymerization of the DPIL decreases the bulk ionic conductivity by four orders of magnitude relative to both SPILs. The timescales for local ionic rearrangement are similarly found to be approximately four orders of magnitude slower in the DPILs than in the SPILs, and the DPILs also have a lower static dielectric constant. These results suggest that copolymerization of the ionic monomers affects ion motion on both the bulk and the local scales, with ion pairs serving to form strong physical crosslinks between the polymer chains. This study provides quantitative insight into the energetics and timescales of ion motion that drive the phenomenon of “ion locking” currently under investigation for new classes of organic electronics.</div>

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