scholarly journals Risk Analysis and Control Factors Based on Excavation of a Large Underground Subway Station under Construction

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1629
Author(s):  
Zhien Zhang ◽  
Mingli Huang ◽  
Baohua Wu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Multidimensional Space ◽  
Large Space ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Underground Subway Station ◽  
Subway Stations ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
And Control

Considering the convenience of pedestrian transfer, reasonable structural stress and beautiful shape design, most subway stations adopt symmetrical design. At present, the new subway station is developing in the direction of a multidimensional space, as well as a large scale, and complex structure. Tunnel construction also presents unpredictability, coupling amplification and high risks. For example, a subway extension project involves construction, which would affect the normal use of the subway or damage its structure. Based on excavation of the largest underground subway station under construction in China, the Erligou station extension project (line 16 of Beijing Metro), and using theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, monitoring data, and other research methods, this paper quantitatively analyzes the risk of a large space station’s construction process on the adjacent existing station structure and track, as well as highlights key, high-risk sub-projects, or construction steps, combined with specific engineering measures to ensure safety during construction of a new station. The general rules concerning large space subway station construction are further summarized to provide reference for similar projects.

Influence of Ground Structure on the Seismic Response of Underground Subway Station in Soft Site

2011 ◽  
Vol 368-373 ◽  
pp. 2769-2775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Long ◽  
Guo Xing Chen ◽  
Hai Yang Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Underground Structure ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Ground Structure ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Underground Subway Station ◽  
Subway Stations

This paper selected representative soft site along the subway lines and created two-dimensional overall finite element analysis model about nonlinear dynamic interaction among soil, underground subway station, and ground structure based on Nanjing underground subway station. It explored the seismic response influence of neighboring high-rise structure on the two-layer and three-span island-type underground subway stations. The results showed that the structure near the subway station had a significant constraint effect on the deformation of subway station which is oriented to the structure, and the influence of deformation of subway station which is backward to the structure is related to vibration characteristics of the soil-underground structure interaction system. The influence of neighboring ground structure on the strain stress response of subway station is useful in most part of important nodes. However, this influence is disadvantageous in the outer part of connections of side walls and plates and middle plate-interior column connections.

Solutions for Extracting Air and Smoke in Underground Subway Station

2014 ◽  
Vol 700 ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
Wen Jie Chen ◽  
Lei Chong ◽  
Jian Ru Liang ◽  
Ming Lai Yang
Keyword(s):  
Ventilation System ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Three Solutions ◽  
Underground Subway Station ◽  
Subway System ◽  
Subway Stations ◽  
Underground Station ◽  
Enclosed Space ◽  
Air Circulation ◽  
Valve Control

Everyday there are about 7 million passengers commuting by subway in Shanghai, China. Although Shanghai has one of the largest subway networks in the world, yet this subway system is still full of passengers during the rush hours. Extracting air and smoke is important part of the station ventilation system which supplies enough fresh air in the crowded station. As we know, the underground subway stations are built in an enclosed space where needs air circulation far more than other type of station. This paper focuses on the designs of duct layout and valve control in an underground subway station. The authors give three solutions to return air and exhaust smoke in the underground station platform area and entrance area. The goal of this paper is to compare these three ventilation solutions in the normal time and in the fire accident. The result of analyzing and applying these solutions are concluded in the paper.

scholarly journals Pedestrian Evacuation Risk Assessment of Subway Station under Large-Scale Sport Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeyang Cheng ◽  
Jian Lu ◽  
Yi Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sport Activity ◽  
Pedestrian Safety ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Pedestrian Evacuation ◽  
Subway Stations ◽  
Evacuation Risk

Pedestrian evacuation risk of subway stations is an important concern in city management, as it not only endangers public safety but also affects the efficiency of urban subway transportation. Determination of how to effectively evaluate the pedestrian evacuation risk of subway stations is of great significance to improve pedestrian safety. Previous studies about the pedestrian evacuation of subway station were primarily focused on pedestrian moving behaviors and the evacuation modeling, and the evacuation scenario is the regular subway operation. There is a dearth of studies to quantify the pedestrian evacuation risk in the evacuation process, especially the pedestrian evacuation risk quantitative characterization of subway station in large-scale sport activity. The current study develops a quantitative pedestrian evacuation risk assessment model that integrates pedestrian stampede probability and pedestrian casualty. Then several different simulation scenarios based on the social force model (SFM) are simulated to evaluate the pedestrian evacuation risk of the “Olympic Park Station” in Beijing, China. The results demonstrate that the pedestrian evacuation method, pedestrian stampede location, and distance from the stampede location to the ticket gate have a large impact on pedestrian evacuation risk. Then, the pedestrian evacuation scenarios with the lowest and highest risk for the “Olympic Park Station” in large-scale sport activity are determined. The findings have potential applications in pedestrian safety protection of subway station during large-scale sports activity.

scholarly journals Does Subway Station Proximity Spur Residential Development? Analyzing The Impact Of The Sheppard Subway Line On Housing Development In The City Of Toronto.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyson Naseer
Keyword(s):  
Residential Development ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Dissemination Area ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Subway Stations ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This study examines the pace and scale of residential development within a 1-kilometer radius of subway stations along the Sheppard Subway line within the City of Toronto during the years 1991-2016. The dataset used for this study was obtained from Statistics Canada that contained data on the number of housing units per dissemination area within a 1-kilometer radius of a subway station in addition to several variables used for analysis. The difference- in-differences method was used, findings indicated insignificant results meaning the Sheppard Subway Line did not spur residential development at a rate faster than the one observed for the Sheppard West corridor. This was further proved by examining the pace of development during the pre-treated and post-treated period amongst both the treated and control groups, findings indicated that both groups received similar amounts of residential growth, such that the difference in residential construction between the two corridors was statistically insignificant.

The Classification and Development of a Selection Support Program of a Subway Station as a Temporary Shelter

2014 ◽  
Vol 638-640 ◽  
pp. 2060-2064
Author(s):  
Eun Young Kim ◽  
Eun Kyoung Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Support Program ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Occupancy Rate ◽  
Selection Program ◽  
Subway Stations ◽  
And Control

The requirement for the utilization of a subway station as a temporary shelter is promptness. In this regard, it is necessary to make different preparations prior to the occurrence of a disaster. This study aimed to calculate the acceptable occupancy rate per space area and the acceptable sanitary provisions, to classify subway stations, and to develop a subway station selection program based on the identified standards. The subway station selection process is classified into four steps: regional understanding, acceptable-ability calculation, subway station identification, and temporary shelter building. The program thus involves these four steps. It is necessary to continuously manage and control the drawings and programs of each subway station for the efficient use of the selected system.

Statistical analysis of freshwater red tide in Japanese reservoirs

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Fukuju ◽  
Tadashi Takahashi ◽  
Takahiro Kawayoke
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Freshwater Red Tide ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
And Control

This study introduces the collated results regarding the occurrence of freshwater red tide, the associated deterioration of water quality and the performance of countermeasures based on a survey of freshwater red tide conducted from 1992 to 1993. It also reports the results of an examination of the characteristic of reservoirs in which freshwater red tide occurs and control factors for occurrence according to multivariate analysis. Based on these results, a freshwater red tide occurrence prediction model was constructed using discriminant analysis, and this study further reports the results of applying this model to dams under construction.

scholarly journals Does Subway Station Proximity Spur Residential Development? Analyzing The Impact Of The Sheppard Subway Line On Housing Development In The City Of Toronto.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyson Naseer
Keyword(s):  
Residential Development ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Dissemination Area ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Subway Stations ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This study examines the pace and scale of residential development within a 1-kilometer radius of subway stations along the Sheppard Subway line within the City of Toronto during the years 1991-2016. The dataset used for this study was obtained from Statistics Canada that contained data on the number of housing units per dissemination area within a 1-kilometer radius of a subway station in addition to several variables used for analysis. The difference- in-differences method was used, findings indicated insignificant results meaning the Sheppard Subway Line did not spur residential development at a rate faster than the one observed for the Sheppard West corridor. This was further proved by examining the pace of development during the pre-treated and post-treated period amongst both the treated and control groups, findings indicated that both groups received similar amounts of residential growth, such that the difference in residential construction between the two corridors was statistically insignificant.

scholarly journals Safety Problem of Gaseous Extinguishing System in Underground Subway Station

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Hyun-Bea Hwang ◽  
Se-Hong Min
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Environmental Response ◽  
Safety Problem ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Halon 1301 ◽  
Underground Subway Station ◽  
Subway Stations ◽  
The City ◽  
Fire Extinguishing Gas

The gaseous fire extinguishing agents CO<sub>2</sub>, Halon 1301, and HCFC-BLEND A and a clean fire extinguishing agent are installed and operated in 85.5%, 6.19%, 4.14%, and 4.62% of the city railroad subway stations of Korea, respectively. The fire extinguishing halon gases Halon1301 and HCFC-BLEND A currently used in city railroad subway stations are already regulated globally because of global warming and ozone layer destruction.Moreover, the use of Halon 1301 is prohibited because of the development of alternative clean fire extinguishing gas. However, newly installing and operating CO₂, unlike the use of halon gas, has not been sanctioned. In particular, even though a fire extinguishing CO₂ facility has the serious safety problem of choking accidents occurring as a result of operation in a closed space because of the characteristics of a subway station, the situation has not been improved. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development designates CO₂ as the major substance causing global warming and forcibly allocates the reduction of carbon emissions to member countries through a reduction policy. Therefore, overall annual replacement of CO₂ fire extinguishing facilities installed and operated in subway stations is necessary, and the problems of fire extinguishing operation characteristics and maintenance of fire extinguishing gas facilities should be reviewed. The purpose of this work is to presentthe maintenance status of fire extinguishing gas facilities installed and operated in the city railroad subway stations of Korea. Furthermore, the preparation of measures and laws for preventing fatalities resulting from choking caused by fire extinguishing CO₂ facilities and for improving cooperation with the international environmental response is proposed.

Collaboration, Power, Participation and Control on a Large Scale Research Team: Multiple Perspectives from the Oxford House Research Project

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Olson ◽  
Leonard Jason ◽  
Joseph R. Ferrari ◽  
Leon Venable ◽  
Bertel F. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Oxford House ◽  
And Control

Interference mitigation in point to point wireless sensor networks using LSP protocol and time division multiplexing approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 5449-5458
Author(s):  
A. Arokiaraj Jovith ◽  
S.V. Kasmir Raja ◽  
A. Razia Sulthana
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Parameter ◽  
Interference Mitigation ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Time Division ◽  
And Control

Interference in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) predominantly affects the performance of the WSN. Energy consumption in WSN is one of the greatest concerns in the current generation. This work presents an approach for interference measurement and interference mitigation in point to point network. The nodes are distributed in the network and interference is measured by grouping the nodes in the region of a specific diameter. Hence this approach is scalable and isextended to large scale WSN. Interference is measured in two stages. In the first stage, interference is overcome by allocating time slots to the node stations in Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) fashion. The node area is split into larger regions and smaller regions. The time slots are allocated to smaller regions in TDMA fashion. A TDMA based time slot allocation algorithm is proposed in this paper to enable reuse of timeslots with minimal interference between smaller regions. In the second stage, the network density and control parameter is introduced to reduce interference in a minor level within smaller node regions. The algorithm issimulated and the system is tested with varying control parameter. The node-level interference and the energy dissipation at nodes are captured by varying the node density of the network. The results indicate that the proposed approach measures the interference and mitigates with minimal energy consumption at nodes and with less overhead transmission.

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