Malaria Cases in a Tertiary Hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: A 16-Year (2005–2020) Retrospective Review

While there has been a tremendous decline in malaria disease burden in the remote parts of Malaysia, little is known about malaria incidence in its urban localities. This study aimed to analyze trends of malaria cases in urban Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. All suspected cases presented to a university hospital in Kuala Lumpur from January 2005 to December 2020 were examined by microscopy. Infection status was analyzed using descriptive statistics and curve estimation analysis. Of 3105 blood films examined, 92 (3%) were microscopically confirmed malaria cases. Plasmodium vivax infections accounted for the majority (36.9%) of all malaria cases. Nearly half (47.8%) of cases were found among foreign cases (p < 0.001). The majority of foreign cases were male (86.4%) and came from Southeast Asian countries (65.9%). The curve estimation analysis showed significant decreases in malaria cases due to P. vivax (R2 = 0.598; p < 0.001) and Plasmodium falciparum (R2 = 0.298, p = 0.029), but increases for Plasmodium knowlesi (R2 = 0.325, p = 0.021) during the 16 years. This study showed that malaria incidence in urban Kuala Lumpur is low and has remained stable since 2005. However, P. knowlesi has played a significant role in the increase in overall malaria in the area, highlighting the importance of continued vigilance and improved surveillance.

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Incidence of Malaria in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: A Single-Institution Retrospective Review from 2005 to 2020

10.20944/preprints202108.0108.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nor Diyana Dian ◽

Ahmad Firdaus Mohd Salleh ◽

Mohd Amirul Fitri A. Rahim ◽

Mohd Bakhtiar Munajat ◽

Siti Nor Azreen Abd Manap ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Burden ◽

Plasmodium Knowlesi ◽

Malaria Incidence ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

University Hospital ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Single Institution ◽

Curve Estimation ◽

Southeast Asian Countries

While there has been a tremendous decline in malaria disease burden in the remote parts of the Malaysia, little is known about malaria incidence in its urban localities. This study aimed to analyse trends of malaria cases in urban Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. All suspected cases presented to a university hospital in Kuala Lumpur from January 2005 to December 2020 were examined by microscopy. Infection status was analysed using descriptive statistics and curve estimation analysis. Of 3105 blood films examined, 92 (3%) were microscopically confirmed malaria cases. Plasmodium vivax infections accounted for the majority (36.9%) of all malaria cases. Nearly half (47.8%) of cases were found among foreign cases (P&lt;0.001). The majority of foreign cases were males (86.4%) and came from Southeast Asian countries (65.9%). Curve estimation analysis showed significant decreases of malaria cases due to P. vivax (R2 = 0.598; P&lt;0.001) and Plasmodium falciparum (R2 = 0.0259, P = 0.029), but increase for Plasmodium knowlesi (R2 = 0.325, P = 0.021) during the 16 years. This study revealed that malaria incidence in urban Kuala Lumpur is low and has remained stable since 2005. However, P. knowlesi played a significant role in the increase of overall malaria in the area, highlighting the importance of continued vigilance and improved surveillance.

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Analysing economic contribution of tourism: insights from selected Southeast Asian countries

Management ◽

10.2478/manment-2019-0028 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 223-237

Author(s):

Vu Minh Hieu ◽

Hua Thi Bach Yen

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Southeast Asian ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Travel And Tourism ◽

The Subject ◽

Economic Contribution ◽

Sustainable Economic Growth ◽

Southeast Asian Countries

Summary Tourism is a potential sector that can contribute positively to economic growth if properly managed. The southeast Asian countries have identified tourism as a key sector that can enable them to achieve sustainable economic growth. This study analysed the economic contribution of tourism in five southeast Asian countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam). The paper aims to evaluate economic contribution of tourism in South Asiancountries by using secondary data covering 2008-2017 collected from world travel and tourism council database to draw insights about the subject. Descriptive statistics in form of tables, charts, mean and standard deviation were used for comparative analyses. Overall score indicated that Thailand is the best performer with respect to the economic contribution of tourism among the sample southeast Asian countries during the period 2008-2017. The study proposed six recommendations to managers and policymakers in the tourism sectors in Southeast Asia.

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PESONA PETRONAS TWIN TOWERS SEBAGAI OBJEK WISATA DI KUALA LUMPUR MALAYSIA

10.31219/osf.io/ae583 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Umi Kalsum

Keyword(s):

Southeast Asian ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Shopping Center ◽

Tourist Attraction ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Tourist Attractions ◽

Neighboring Country ◽

The City ◽

Southeast Asian Countries

Malaysia is one of the most successful Southeast Asian countries to develop its tourism industry. Attraction attraction that is owned by this tourist attraction is the splendor, altitude, and architecture of this tower. Besides other tourist attractions are around the twin towers there is a vast place or a park to relax while looking at the beauty of the building in the city of Kuala lumpur, under the tower is a shopping center so that tourists can at once shop and buy souvenirs from the neighboring country. There are also other tourist attractions behind the tower is, the fountain is decorated with colorful lights that will sway to the rhythm in accordance with the song being sung, this of course adds to the beauty of this place and make the tourists feel interested to visit it.

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SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.6 is the major contributor to transmission in Malaysia

10.1101/2020.08.27.269738 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yoong Min Chong ◽

I-Ching Sam ◽

Jennifer Chong ◽

Maria Kahar Bador ◽

Sasheela Ponnampalavanar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Southeast Asian ◽

Valuable Insight ◽

Whole Genome ◽

Mass Gathering ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Genome Sequences ◽

Community Transmission ◽

Southeast Asian Countries

AbstractBackgroundAs of June 30, 2020, Malaysia had confirmed 8,639 cases of COVID-19. About 39% of these were associated with a religious mass gathering event held in Kuala Lumpur between February 27 and March 1, 2020, which drove community transmission during Malaysia’s main wave. We analysed genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 from Malaysia to understand the molecular epidemiology.MethodsWe obtained whole genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 from 58 COVID-19 patients in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and performed phylogenetic analyses on these and a further 50 Malaysian sequences available in the GISAID database. Malaysian lineage B.6 sequences were further analysed with all available worldwide lineage B.6 sequences.ResultsNine different SARS-CoV-2 lineages (A, B, B.1, B.1.1, B.1.1.1, B.1.36, B.2, B.3 and B.6) were detected in Malaysia. The B.6 lineage was first reported a week after the mass gathering and became predominant (63%) despite being relatively rare (1.4%) among available global sequences. Increases in reported cases and community-acquired B.6 lineage strains were temporally linked. Non-B.6 lineages were mainly associated with travel and showed limited onward transmission. There were also temporally-correlated increases in B.6 sequences in other Southeast Asian countries, India and Australia, linked to participants returning from this event. We also report the presence of a nsp3-C6310A substitution found in 40.5% of global B.6 sequences which has associated with reduced sensitivity in a commercial assay.ConclusionLineage B.6 became the predominant cause of community transmission in Malaysia after likely introduction during a religious mass gathering. This event also contributed to spikes of lineage B.6 in other countries in the region.Author SummaryThe COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia was driven mainly by transmission following a religious mass gathering held in Kuala Lumpur at the end of February. To study the genetic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Malaysia, we analysed 50 available and 58 newly-generated Malaysian whole genome virus sequences. We found that lineage B.6, rare (1.4%) globally, first appeared after the mass gathering and became the most predominant (62.9%) in Malaysia. Increases in COVID-19 cases and locally-acquired B.6 strains were temporally linked. Non-B.6 viruses were mainly associated with travel and showed limited spread. Increases in B.6 viruses in Southeast Asian countries, India and Australia were linked to participants returning from this mass gathering. Altogether, 95.3% of global B.6 sequences originated in Asia or Australia. We also report a mutation in the virus nsP3 gene found in 40.5% of global B.6 sequences and associated with reduced detection by a commercial diagnostic test. In conclusion, the religious mass gathering in Kuala Lumpur was associated with the main wave of COVID-19 cases of predominantly B.6 lineage in Malaysia, and subsequent spread of B.6 viruses regionally. Genome sequence data provides valuable insight into virus spread and is important for monitoring continued accuracy of diagnostic kits.

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Road Transport System in Southeast Asia; Problems and Economic Solutions

Current World Environment ◽

10.12944/cwe.11.1.02 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 10-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sara Kaffashi ◽

Mad Shamsudin ◽

Maynard S. Clark ◽

Shaufique Sidique ◽

Alias Radam

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Southeast Asia ◽

Road Transport ◽

Southeast Asian ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Societal Welfare ◽

New Policies ◽

Southeast Asian Countries

In Southeast Asian countries (SEA), road transport accounts for the main energy consumption and CO2 emission. Air pollution is a major concern in densely populated cities such as Bangkok, Manila, and Kuala Lumpur. The main objective of this paper is to give insights on trends of transport development, car ownership, and CO2 emissions in Southeast Asia. This study also attempts to review the successful transportation policies around the globe and to introduce the possible instruments that can help reduce air pollution in Southeast Asian countries. Economic instruments to estimate the benefits of a cleaner environment due to new policies are introduced as well. The results of this research could help policy makers consider approaches that could internalize external costs of transportation and maximize the societal welfare.

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Malaysian Homestays: The Need for Standardized Regulation

Built Environment Journal ◽

10.24191/bej.v17i2.8997 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

ROHASLINDA BINTI RAMELE ◽

YAMAZAKI JUICHI ◽

MD NAJIB IBRAHIM ◽

LILIS SHEREENA SAFIEE

Keyword(s):

Rural Community ◽

Rural Tourism ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Government Organizations ◽

Rural Income ◽

Arts And Culture ◽

The Government ◽

Host Families ◽

Southeast Asian Countries ◽

Management Operation

This study aims to clarify regulations used among each type of registered and unregistered Malaysian homestays and to reveal issues arose regarding the implemented regulations. Selected homestays that are established by the government organizations and individuals were investigated to carry out the comparison on each homestay. Host families and persons in charge of the Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture (MOTAC), the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA), and the Ministry of Rural and Regional Development (MRRD) were also interviewed. Findings showed that there is only one guideline used for all types of homestays in Malaysia, which is the Malaysia Homestay Registration Guideline, established by MOTAC. MOTAC has also been selected as a leader of homestays in the Southeast Asian countries by the ASEAN Secretariat; therefore, the ASEAN Homestay Standard is also being referred. However, the implementation of this guideline and standard among other homestays unregistered with MOTAC (homestays established by MOA, MRRD, and individuals) is not compulsory, although encouraged, where they may receive equal benefits in term of facilities and promotion. Some issues arose due to the tax regulated by the local authorities, failure on homestays to be registered with MOTAC, and abandoned homestays. This study recommended that the Malaysia Homestay Registration Guideline to be standardized and regulated to all types of homestays, including individuals and unregistered homestays in Malaysia. This is important in order to reduce issues arose involving the homestay industry, providing safety and comfort to the tourists and, to help to develop rural income among host families and the rural community themselves.Keywords: Rural tourism, homestay, regulation, management, operation

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Organization Factors That Influence Transfer of Training among Employees at Farmers’ Organisation Authority (FOA) Headquarters, Kuala Lumpur

ADVANCES IN BUSINESS RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ◽

10.24191/abrij.v5i1.9986 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 83

Author(s):

Roshidah Ahmad ◽

Khulida Kirana Yahya ◽

Iliyasu shiyanbade Najeemdeen

Keyword(s):

Peer Relationships ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Transfer Of Training ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Peer Relationship ◽

Inferential Analysis

Transfer of training is important to organizations as they have devoted lot of money to send their employees for training to increase the employees’ knowledge, skills and abilities. This study aimed to examines the relationships of rewards, supervision, and peer relationship on the transfer of training in volving employees at FOA Headquarters, Kuala Lumpur. Self administered questionnaires were adapted from various sources and consisted of items related to transfer of training, rewards, supervision and peer relationships . A total of 344 questionnaires were distributed but only 265 were returned and used for further assessment. This study applied descriptive statistics, reliability and inferential analysis to examine the relationships among the variables. The results showed that only rewards and supervision h ad significant relationship with transfer of training while peer relationship was found to be insignificant.

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