scholarly journals Presence of Antibodies against Sindbis Virus in the Israeli Population: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Ravit Koren ◽  
Ravit Bassal ◽  
Tamy Shohat ◽  
Daniel Cohen ◽  
Orna Mor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sindbis Virus ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Israeli Population

Sindbis virus (SINV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus circulating globally. SINV outbreaks have been mainly reported in North-European countries. In Israel, SINV was detected in 6.3% of mosquito pools; however, SINV infection in humans has rarely been diagnosed. A serologic survey to detect SINV IgG antibodies was conducted to evaluate the seroprevalence of SINV in the Israeli population. In total, 3145 serum samples collected in 2011–2014, representing all age and population groups in Israel, were assessed using an indirect ELISA assay, and a neutralization assay was performed on all ELISA-positive samples. The prevalence rates of SINV IgG antibodies were calculated. Logistic regressions models were applied to assess the association between demographic characteristics and SINV seropositivity. Overall, 113 (3.6%) and 59 (1.9%) samples were positive for ELISA and neutralization SINV IgG, respectively. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that SINV seropositivity was significantly associated with older age and residence outside metropolitan areas. These results demonstrate that, despite no outbreaks or clinical presentation, SINV infects the human population in Israel. Seropositivity is countrywide, more frequent in people of older age, and less diffuse in Israel’s metropolitan areas. Seroprevalence studies from other countries will add to our understanding of the global burden of SINV and the risk for potential SINV outbreaks.

scholarly journals Evaluation of nine serological rapid tests for the detection of SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Marcela Mercado ◽  
Jeadran Malagón-Rojas ◽  
Gabriela Delgado ◽  
Vivian Vanesa Rubio ◽  
Lida Muñoz Galindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diagnostic Aid ◽  
Rapid Tests

Objective. To evaluate the operative capacity of nine serological rapid tests to detect the IgM/IgG antibodies response in serum from patients with SARS-CoV-2 in different clinical stages. Methods. A cross-sectional study of serological rapid tests was designed to compare the performance of the evaluated immunochromatographic tests for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. A total of 293 samples was used, including negatives, asymptomatic, and symptomatic serum samples. Results. The sensitivity of the evaluated tests was low and moderate in the groups of asymptomatic serum samples and the group of serums coming from patients with less than 11 days since the onset of the symptoms. The specificity for the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies tests ranged between 86.5%-99% for IgM and 86.5%-99.5% for IgG. The sensitivity and the likelihood ratio were different according to the study groups. The usefulness of these tests is restricted to symptomatic patients and their sensitivity is greater than 85% after 11 days from the appearance of symptoms. Conclusions. Serological tests are not an adequate strategy for the identification of asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic patients. Serological rapid tests for the detection of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies can be used as a diagnostic aid, but diagnosis must be confirmed by RT-PCR. Rapid tests should be reserved for patients with symptoms lasting more than 11 days.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Varicella-Zoster Virus Immunoglobulin G in Children With Malignancies on Chemotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Nazari ◽  
Mohammad Naderisorki ◽  
Shahnaz Armin ◽  
Zari Gholinejad
Keyword(s):  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Varicella Vaccine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Underlying Malignancy

Background: Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) infection in children with different malignancies on chemotherapy has become an alarming problem. There are insufficient data about VZV seroprevalence among patients in Iran. Objectives: The current study was conducted to assess the seroprevalence of VZV serum IgG antibodies in children with malignancies on chemotherapy. Methods: The current single-center cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2019 at Mofid children’s hospital, Tehran, Iran. Five milliliters of blood samples were collected from the patients. Serum samples were then tested in duplicate for the IgG antibody against VZV using Varicella-Zoster ELISA IgG/IgM kit. Results: A total of 54 children with different malignancies were included. Overall, 24 and 30 serum samples were collected from females and males, respectively. The children were five months to 15-years-old with a mean age of 5.5 years. The overall seroprevalence of VZV IgG in the children was 21.1% (n = 13/54). Of patients with positive VZV IgG antibody, 9 (69.2%) were male, and four (30.8%) were female. Besides, Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) with 61.1% (n = 33/54) was the most common underlying malignancy among these patients. The prevalence of anti-VZV IgG antibodies was 21.2% (n = 7/33) in the group of children with ALL. The highest seroprevalence of the VZV IgG antibody was seen in 11 to 15-year-old children (n = 3/7; 42.9%). The prevalence rates of IgG antibodies against VZV among children aged 0-2 years, 3-5 years, and 6-10 years were 28.6%, 25.9%, and 7.7%, respectively. Conclusions: The results showed that children with different malignancies on chemotherapy are quite susceptible to chickenpox infection. It is suggested that a safe and effective live attenuated varicella vaccine in line with the WHO recommendations be incorporated into Iran’s national immunization program for children with various malignancies.

scholarly journals DISAPPEARANCE OF ANTIBODIES IN COVID-19 MYTHS ORREALITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl-3) ◽  
pp. S530-33
Author(s):  
Maqbool Raza ◽  
Muhammed Ali Raza ◽  
De Emmal Asjad Cheema ◽  
Maham Asjad Cheema ◽  
Atif Rafique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Level ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Objective: To explore the disappearance of neutralizing antibodies from patients, their myths, and facts. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Multan Pakistan, from Jul 2021 to Aug 2021. Methodology: A total of 100 blood samples were collected from 100 COVID-19 patients. These 100 patients were followed up for a period of 3 months. Antibodies were determined with the modified neutralization assay method and enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The antibody level by NA and ELISA peaked on days 30-35 then decreased slightly. In multivariate analysis, patients aged 25-35, 36-56, and 57-84 years had a higher neutralizing antibody level than those aged 10-21 years. The patient with the worst clinical manifestation had a higher neutralizing antibody titer. In serum samples, IgG was undetectable at 18.3% and 11% and the geographical mean reciprocal titers dropped from 244 at 3-month period and neutralizing antibodies, the geographical mean reciprocal titers dropped from 874 at 3 months. Conclusion: All COVID-19 patients were seropositive and significantly neutralizing antibody response. Neutralizing antibody levels depend on the time after the onset of symptoms, age, and severity of the disease.

scholarly journals Role of human epididymis protein 4 for detection of ovarian carcinoma in adnexal masses: A pilot study

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Bansal ◽  
A. Suneja ◽  
K. Guleria ◽  
N. B. Vaid ◽  
K. Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adnexal Masses ◽  
Good Discriminator ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy Index ◽  
Benign Tumours

Introduction: HE4 is a novel tumour biomarker used for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of HE4 alone and in combination with CA125, risk of malignancy index (RMI), risk of malignancy algorithm (ROMA). Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted recruiting 88 women with adnexal masses who were planned for surgery. After baseline work up and ultrasound examination, serum samples were collected for estimation of CA 125 and HE4 levels. Serum HE4 levels were estimated using ELISA kit. RMI and ROMA score were calculated and diagnostic accuracy of HE4, CA 125, RMI, ROMA and their combination were compared. Cut off for HE4 and ROMA score were calculated using ROC curve. Results: Of 88 subjects, 66 were analyzed with 19 malignant (including 5 LMP) and 47 benign cases. The median value of HE4 among malignant cases was found to be significantly higher than among the benign cases. PPV and NPV of HE4 at a cut off 130.8 pMol/ml was 85.7% and 77.9% respectively. Highest PPV (88.9%) with acceptable NPV (80.7%) was found with ROMA followed by HE4 (PPV 85.7%; NPV 77.97%), RMI (PPV 76.92%; NPV 83%) and CA125 (PPV 52%; NPV 80.85%). Conclusion: HE4 levels were lower in Indian population both in malignant and benign tumours as compared to other studies. HE4 is a good discriminator and gives best accuracy when it is combined with CA125 in a logistic algorithm, ROMA.

scholarly journals From Isolation to Containment: Perceived Fear of Infectivity and Protective Behavioral Changes during the COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6503
Author(s):  
Arielle Kaim ◽  
Maya Siman-Tov ◽  
Eli Jaffe ◽  
Bruria Adini
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Road ◽  
Israeli Population ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Public Health Officials

In the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, maintenance of protective behavior is a continued challenge in the effort to contain the spread of the virus. A cross-sectional study via an internet questionnaire was utilized to elucidate changes in compliance to protective behavior among the Israeli population (n = 1120), after the beginning of the vaccination campaign. Comparison was made between individuals who were previously infected with the virus, those who received one dose of inoculation with the vaccine, and individuals that were neither infected or vaccinated. The study results indicate that those who were previously infected with the COVID-19 virus were less careful about mask wearing (18.8%) and social distancing (29.7%), as compared to the other examined groups (regarding mask wearing, 8.2% and 11.6% respectively, and with regard to social distancing 12.8% and 19.2%) and may require targeted risk communication campaigns to address this population. Furthermore, the study revealed that those that were non-Jewish (as compared to Jewish study counterparts) or that were older (19+) were more vigilant in their protective behavior (29.6% vs. 11.2% respectively for social distancing and 29.6% vs. 11.1% respectively for mask wearing). Despite a successful initial vaccination campaign in Israel, public health officials need to engage all members of the public to unremittingly observe compliance to directed health guidelines, to ensure that the results of previous governmental efforts in fighting the pandemic (such as lockdowns) will be effectively sustained, and the road to containment will be hastened.

scholarly journals AB0898-HPR WICH FACTORS ARE RELATED TO PAINFUL EXPERIENCE IN PATIENTS AFFECTED BY CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY RHEUMATIC DISEASE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC?

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1472.2-1472
Author(s):  
T. El Joumani ◽  
H. Rkain ◽  
T. Fatima Zahrae ◽  
H. Kenza ◽  
R. Abouqal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapeutic Adherence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Painful Experience

Objectives:To evaluate the effect of containment, during the Covid-19 pandemic, on the pain of patients with CIRD, and to analyze the factors associated with the experience of pain.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with rheumatic diseases using a questionnaire providing information on patients and disease characteristics. Impact of COVID-19 on This is a cross-sectional study that consecutively includedPatients were asked to assess the global pain which they had experienced before and during the containment period, using a single Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (greatest pain).Statistical Analysis System IBM SPSS Statistics V20.0.0 was used to analyze the study data.We performed univariate then multivariate analysis to search any related factors to pain perception during to quarantines. Qualitative values were analyzed by the chi2 test. Quantitative values were analyzed by the Student test when the measures were normally distributed or by nonparametric test (Mann–Whitney U) when the measures were not normally distributed (Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to test normality).Results:Among the 350 patients who answered to the questionnaire online, rheumatoid arthritis represented 62.3%, spondyloarthropathy 34.3% and undifferentiated CIRD 3.4%.Pain experience caused by the CIRD during the containment was reported by 79.1% of patients.The level of pain, using the VAS of Pain increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic (4,6 ± 2,8 and 5,4 ± 3 before and during the containment; p<0.001).In multivariate analysis, the factors implicated in pain were the negative impact of Coronavirus on access to rheumatologic care, discontinuation of therapeutic adherence, the disturbed quality of sleep and the negative psychological impact (table 1).Table 1: Summarize multivariable analysis of factors associated with painful experience related to CIRD during containement.Table 1.Multivariable analysis of factors associated with painful experience related to CIRD during containementPImpact on monitoring0.05Impact on therapeutic adherence<0.001Quality of sleep disturbed0.001Negative psychological impact0.02Conclusion:This survey showed the that the COVID-19 pandemic have incresed painful experience in CIRD patients. Factors influencing painful experience should be taken into account to help patients to cope with their chronic rheumatism and this global health crisis.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Dogs as Sentinels for Flavivirus Exposure in Urban, Peri-Urban and Rural Hanoi, Vietnam

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 507
Author(s):  
Long Pham-Thanh ◽  
Thang Nguyen-Tien ◽  
Ulf Magnusson ◽  
Vuong Bui-Nghia ◽  
Anh Bui-Ngoc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Household Level

Diseases caused by flaviviruses, including dengue fever and Japanese encephalitis, are major health problems in Vietnam. This cross-sectional study explored the feasibility of domestic dogs as sentinels to better understand risks of mosquito-borne diseases in Hanoi city. A total of 475 dogs serum samples from 221 households in six districts of Hanoi were analyzed by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for antibodies to the pr-E protein of West Nile virus and other flaviviruses due to cross-reactivity. The overall flavivirus seroprevalence in the dog population was 70.7% (95% CI = 66.4–74.8%). At the animal level, significant associations between seropositive dogs and district location, age, breed and keeping practice were determined. At the household level, the major risk factors were rural and peri-urban locations, presence of pigs, coil burning and households without mosquito-borne disease experience (p < 0.05). Mosquito control by using larvicides or electric traps could lower seropositivity, but other measures did not contribute to significant risk mitigation of flavivirus exposure in dogs. These results will support better control of mosquito-borne diseases in Hanoi, and they indicate that dogs can be used as sentinels for flavivirus exposure.

scholarly journals Factors Associated With Knee Pain and Heel Pain in Youth Soccer Players Aged 8 to 12 Years

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 232596711988337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Iwame ◽  
Tetsuya Matsuura ◽  
Naoto Suzue ◽  
Joji Iwase ◽  
Hirokazu Uemura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Heel Pain ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Soccer is played by many children younger than 12 years. Despite its health benefits, soccer has also been linked to a high number of sport-related injuries. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between clinical factors and knee or heel pain in youth soccer players. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Study participants included 602 soccer players aged 8 to 12 years who were asked whether they had experienced episodes of knee or heel pain. Data were collected on age, body mass index, years of playing soccer, playing position, and training hours per week. Associations of clinical factors with the prevalence of knee or heel pain were examined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: Episodes of knee and heel pain were reported by 29.4% and 31.1% of players, respectively. Multivariate analyses revealed that older age and more years of playing soccer were significantly and positively associated with the prevalence of knee pain ( P = .037 and P = .015 for trend, respectively) but did not identify any significant associations for heel pain. Conclusion: In this study of youth soccer players, knee pain was associated with older age and more years of play, but heel pain was not significantly associated with any factor.

scholarly journals Rubella Outbreak in Heballi Agasi Ward, Dharwad District, Karnataka, India, 2014–2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s380-s380
Author(s):  
Sree Kalpana Mohankumar ◽  
Vishweshwarayya Hiremath ◽  
Rajashree Koppad
Keyword(s):  
Attack Rate ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Routine Immunization ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemic Curve ◽  
Surveillance Report ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Rubella Vaccination

Background: Countries that have good rubella surveillance, report ∼10,000–20,000 rubella cases annually. In India, not many cases of rubella are reported. The Hebballi Agasi ward of Dharwad district in Karnataka state, India, reported rubella cases on the last week of January 2015. Objective: We investigated the outbreak by time, place, person, and clinical symptoms. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study. We defined a case as any resident of Heballi Agasi who had fever and rash, with or without lymphadenopathy, arthralgia, conjunctivitis, coryza, and cough, after December 15, 2014. We collected sociodemographic details and clinical symptoms of patients. We collected 5 serum samples and sent them to the National Measles Laboratory, Bangalore. We tested for measles and rubella antibodies. We drew an epidemic curve and a spot map. We computed mean age of cases, and we calculated attack rates by mean age and gender. We calculated proportions to describe clinical symptoms, and we interviewed stakeholders regarding rubella vaccination. We continued surveillance until March 2015. Results: The population of Heballi Agasi was 1,458. We identified 15 rubella cases (9 girls and 6 boys). The outbreak lasted between December 10, 2014, and February 21, 2015, with a peak on January 16, 2015. The overall attack rate was 1% (15 of 1,458). The mean age of the cases was 6 years (range, 1–23). The attack rate was high (7.7%) among those aged 1–6 years (11 of 143). The attack rate among those aged >6 years was 0.3% (4 of 1,315). In addition to fever and rash, 93% of cases (14 of 15) had coryza, 47% had cough (7 of 15), and 40% had conjunctivitis (6 of 15). Lymphadenopathy was present in only 1 case (1 of 15), and arthralgia was absent among all 15 cases. There was no death among the cases. All 5 sera were positive for rubella and negative for measles. Rubella vaccination was not given for any of the cases because no rubella vaccination is provided in the routine immunization program. Conclusions: There was a rubella outbreak in Heballi Agasi ward. Children aged 1–6 years were most affected. We recommend rubella vaccination in the routine immunization.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

scholarly journals Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Italian pediatric population: a regional seroepidemiological study

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manola Comar ◽  
Simone Benvenuto ◽  
Marzia Lazzerini ◽  
Giorgio Fedele ◽  
Egidio Barbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Chemiluminescent Immunoassay ◽  
Italian National Institute ◽  
Friuli Venezia Giulia

Abstract Background Data on the effective burden of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in pediatric population are very limited, mostly because of the higher rate of asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic cases among children. Updated data on COVID-19 prevalence are needed for their relevance in public health and for infection control policies. In this single-centre cross-sectional study we aimed to assess prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection through IgG antibodies detection in an Italian pediatric cohort. Methods The study was conducted in January 2021 among both inpatients and outpatients referring to Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health “Burlo Garofolo” in Trieste, Friuli Venezia-Giulia, Italy, who needed for blood test for any reason. Collected samples were sent to Italian National Institute of Health for analysis through chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA). Results One hundred sixty-nine patients were included in the study, with a median age of 10.5 ± 4.1 years, an equal distribution for sex (49.7% female patients), and a 55.6% prevalence of comorbidities. Prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 trimeric Spike protein IgG antibodies was 9.5% (n = 16), with a medium titre of 482.3 ± 387.1 BAU/mL. Having an infected cohabitant strongly correlated with IgG positivity (OR 23.83, 95% CI 7.19–78.98, p < 0.0001), while a cohabitant healthcare worker wasn’t associated with a higher risk (OR 1.53, 95% CI 0.4–5.86, p 0.46). All of the 5 patients who had previously tested positive to a nasopharyngeal swab belonged to the IgG positive group, with a 3-month interval from the infection at most. Conclusion We assessed a 9.5% SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in a pediatric cohort from Friuli Venezia-Giulia region in January 2021, showing a substantial increase after the second peak of the pandemic occurred starting from October 2020, compared to 1% prevalence observed by National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT) in July 2020.

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