scholarly journals Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination and Its Potential Impact on Fetal and Neonatal Development

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1351
Author(s):  
Niel A. Karrow ◽  
Umesh K. Shandilya ◽  
Steven Pelech ◽  
Lauraine Wagter-Lesperance ◽  
Deanna McLeod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Viral Vector ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Neonatal Development ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Fetus And Neonate

Vaccines have been developed at “warp speed” to combat the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Although they are considered the best approach for preventing mortality, when assessing the safety of these vaccines, pregnant women have not been included in clinical trials. Thus, vaccine safety for this demographic, as well as for the developing fetus and neonate, remains to be determined. A global effort has been underway to encourage pregnant women to get vaccinated despite the uncertain risk posed to them and their offspring. Given this, post-hoc data collection, potentially for years, will be required to determine the outcomes of COVID-19 and vaccination on the next generation. Most COVID-19 vaccine reactions include injection site erythema, pain, swelling, fatigue, headache, fever and lymphadenopathy, which may be sufficient to affect fetal/neonatal development. In this review, we have explored components of the first-generation viral vector and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines that are believed to contribute to adverse reactions and which may negatively impact fetal and neonatal development. We have followed this with a discussion of the potential for using an ovine model to explore the long-term outcomes of COVID-19 vaccination during the prenatal and neonatal periods.

scholarly journals Neonatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women Infected with COVID-19 in Babol, North of Iran: A Retrospective Study with Short-Term Follow-Up

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Zahra Akbarian-Rad ◽  
Mohsen Haghshenas Mojaveri ◽  
Zinatossadat Bouzari ◽  
Farzin Sadeghi ◽  
Yousef Yahyapour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
North Of Iran

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the number of pregnant women and neonates suffering from COVID-19 increased. However, there is a lack of evidence on clinical characteristics and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19. We evaluated short-term outcomes (4 weeks postdischarge) and symptoms in neonates born to mothers infected with COVID-19. In this retrospective cohort study, we included all neonates born to pregnant women with COVID-19 admitted to Ayatollah Rohani Hospital, Babol, Iran, from February 10 to May 20, 2020. Clinical features, treatments, and neonatal outcomes were measured. Eight neonates were included in the current study. The mean gestational age and birth weight of newborns were 37 ± 3.19 weeks (30₊6-40) and 3077.50 ± 697.64 gr (1720-3900), respectively. Apgar score of the first and fifth minutes in all neonates was ≥8 and ≥9 out of 10, respectively. The most clinical presentations in symptomatic neonates were respiratory distress, tachypnea, vomiting, and feeding intolerance. This manifestation and high levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) in three infants are common in neonatal sepsis. The blood culture in all of them was negative. They have been successfully treated with our standard treatment. Our pregnant women showed a pattern of clinical characteristics and laboratory results similar to those described for nonpregnant COVID-19 infection. This study found no evidence of intrauterine or peripartum transmission of COVID-19 from mother to her child. Furthermore, the long-term outcomes of neonates need more study.

scholarly journals CARE: Context-awareness for elderly care

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Klakegg ◽  
Kennedy Opoku Asare ◽  
Niels van Berkel ◽  
Aku Visuri ◽  
Eija Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Context Awareness ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Integrated Technology ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Post Hoc

AbstractWe present CARE, a context-aware tool for nurses in nursing homes. The system utilises a sensors infrastructure to quantify the behaviour and wellbeing (e.g., activity, mood, social and nurse interactions) of elderly residents. The sensor data is offloaded, processed and analysed in the cloud, to generate daily and long-term summaries of residents’ health. These insights are then presented to nurses via an Android tablet application. We aim to create a tool that can assist nurses and increase their awareness to residents’ needs. We deployed CARE in a local nursing home for two months and evaluated the system through a post-hoc exploratory analysis and interviews with the nurses. The results indicate that CARE can reveal essential insights on the wellbeing of elderly residents and improve the care service. In the discussion, we reflect on our understanding and potential impact of future integrated technology in elderly care environments.

Modified SEC III protocol: vertical control related to patients’ compliance with the chincup

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Montinaro ◽  
Ludovica Nucci ◽  
Marco Carfora ◽  
Fabrizia d’Apuzzo ◽  
Lorenzo Franchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Good Compliance ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Vertical Control ◽  
Retrospective Nature ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc

Summary Objectives To compare the short-term outcomes of modified SEC III protocol in growing patients in relation to their compliance with the chincup, matching them with an untreated Class III control group (CG). Materials and Methods Thirty-four patients (mean age of 8.6 ± 1.2 years) with Class III dentoskeletal malocclusion treated with the modified SEC III protocol and divided into group 1 (G1, 18 subjects), reporting good compliance and group 2 (G2, 16 subjects) not compliant with the chincup. The records were analysed before treatment (T1) and after the orthopaedic phase (T2), with an interval period of about 1.3 ± 0.5 years. The CG consisted of 16 untreated subjects with Class III dentoskeletal malocclusion (mean age of 8.3 ± 1.4 years). The statistical comparisons among the three groups were performed with ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc tests. Results Both G1 and G2, compared with CG, presented significant improvements in the sagittal skeletal relationships (ANB +2.5° and +2.5°, Wits +4.2° and +3.0°, respectively). G1 exhibited a significant more favourable control of vertical skeletal relationships when compared to G2 (Palatal Pl.–Mandibular Pl. −2.0°) that were associated with a statistically significant reduction of the gonial angle (ArGoMe −1.7°). Limitations of the study were its retrospective nature and the lack of evaluation of the long-term outcomes. Conclusions Both groups of treated patients showed favourable sagittal skeletal improvement compared with controls. The use of chincup in patients with good compliance produced significantly greater control of the skeletal vertical dimensions compared with patients not compliant with the chincup.

Long-term Outcomes After First-Generation Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation for Cartilage Defects of the Knee

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Niemeyer ◽  
Stella Porichis ◽  
Matthias Steinwachs ◽  
Christoph Erggelet ◽  
Peter C. Kreuz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Chondrocyte Implantation ◽  
Autologous Chondrocyte

Prophylactic Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) during Pregnancy Is Not Associated with a Decrease in Bone Mineral Density (BMD). The TIPPS (Thrombophilia in Pregnancy Prophylaxis Study) BMD Substudy.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 548-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A. Rodger ◽  
Alejandro Lazo-Langner ◽  
Susan Kahn ◽  
Michael Kovacs ◽  
Sue Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Ctrl Group ◽  
T Score ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background: Decreased BMD is a relatively common serious complication of long-term heparin use, however there have not been adequately powered randomized controlled trials addressing its risk in association with long-term use of LMWH. The TIPPS study is an ongoing multi-center randomized trial designed to compare the effect of LMWH prophylaxis vs. no prophylaxis on pregnancy outcomes in thrombophilic pregnant women. A separate sub-study was planned a priori to assess the effect of LMWH on BMD. Methods: Pregnant women (<20 weeks) were included if they had history of: pregnancy complications or were at moderate risk of venous thrombosis, and had a confirmed thrombophilia. They were excluded if they had history of underlying bone or thyroid disease, long-term use of corticosteroids, metabolic bone agents or anticonvulsants, or >100 kg wt. Patients (pts) were randomized to either LMWH (dalteparin [dalt] 5,000 U qd until 20 wks and then 10,000 qd until term) or control (ctrl) group. All participants received post-partum dalt 5,000 U qd from postpartum d1 to d42. BMD (hip and lumbar spine) was performed 6 wk post-partum. A sample size of 26 pts per group was calculated to detect a 10% difference in absolute BMD (α=0.05, β=0.10). Primary outcome was absolute spine BMD compared using an unpaired t-test. Results were analyzed as-treated; 31 pts received dalt and 22 did not (4 pts randomized to ctrl group crossed over). BMD and T-score results in treatement groups Dalteparin1 No dalteparin1 p Value 1Mean (SD) BMD (spine) 1.12 (0.26) 1.21 (0.14) 0.115 T-score (spine) −0.32 (1.25) 0.13 (1.15) 0.196 BMD (hip) 0.97 (0.21) 1.02 (0.12) 0.319 T-score (hip) 0.17 (0.96) 0.36 (1.01) 0.479 Duration of dalt treatment was 214.5±41.9d for dalt group and 47±38.6d for ctrl (p<0.001). Two cases of osteoporosis (Opo) and 7 cases of osteopenia (Ope) were documented in the dalt group vs 0 of Opo and 3 of Ope in the ctrl group respectively. Results of post-hoc logistic regression analysis examining the odds of obtaining an abnormal (Opo or Ope) spine or hip BMD result in both treatment groups were non significant (Crude OR 2.59; 95%CI 0.61, 10.97; p=0.20; Adjusted OR 6.83; 95%CI 0.17, 272.33; p=0.307) as well as results of post-hoc multiple linear regression to predict changes in BMD and T-scores. Multiple linear regression analysis predicting BMD and T-score in patients receiving dalteparin Unadjusted Adjusted Beta (SE) p Beta (SE) p BMD (spine) −0.099(0.06) 0.12 −0.226(0.16) 0.16 BMD (hip) −0.051(0.05) 0.32 −0.190(0.13) 0.15 T-score (spine) −0.444(0.34) 0.66 −0.641(0.87) 0.47 T-score (hip) −0.195(0.27) 0.48 −0.661(0.68) 0.34 Conclusion: Our results suggest that the use of long term prophylactic dalteparin in pregnancy is not associated with a significant decrease in BMD.

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