scholarly journals Current Perspective on Retinal Migraine

Vision ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Yu Jeat Chong ◽  
Susan P. Mollan ◽  
Abison Logeswaran ◽  
Alexandra B. Sinclair ◽  
Benjamin R. Wakerley
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Visual Loss ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Visual Disturbance ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Current Perspective

Retinal migraine was first formally described in 1882. Various terms such as “ocular migraine” and “ophthalmic migraine” have since been used interchangeably in the literature. The lack of a consistent consensus-based definition has led to controversy and potential confusion for clinicians and patients. Retinal migraine as defined by the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) has been found to be rare. The latest ICHD defined retinal migraine as ‘repeated attacks of monocular visual disturbance, including scintillation, scotoma or blindness, associated with migraine headache’, which are fully reversible. Retinal migraine should be considered a diagnosis of exclusion, which requires other causes of transient monocular visual loss to be excluded. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the literature on retinal migraine, including: epidemiology and risk factors; proposed aetiology; clinical presentation; and management strategies. It is potentially a misnomer as its proposed aetiology is different from our current understanding of the mechanism of migraine

Retinal Migraine Reappraised

Cephalalgia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1275-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
BM Grosberg ◽  
S Solomon ◽  
DI Friedman ◽  
RB Lipton
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Visual Loss ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Visual Features ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Migrainous Infarction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reversible Visual Loss

Retinal migraine is usually characterized by attacks of fully reversible monocular visual loss associated with migraine headache. Herein we summarize the clinical features and prognosis of 46 patients (six new cases and 40 from the literature) with retinal migraine based upon the International Classification of Headache Disorders-2 (ICHD-2) criteria. In our review, retinal migraine is most common in women in the second to third decade of life. Contrary to ICHD-2 criteria, most have a history of migraine with aura. In the typical attack monocular visual features consist of partial or complete visual loss lasting <1 h, ipsilateral to the headache. Nearly half of reported cases with recurrent transient monocular visual loss subsequently experienced permanent monocular visual loss. Although the ICHD-2 diagnostic criteria for retinal migraine require reversible visual loss, our findings suggest that irreversible visual loss is part of the retinal migraine spectrum, perhaps representing an ocular form of migrainous infarction. Based on this observation, the authors recommend migraine prophylactic treatment in an attempt to prevent permanent visual loss, even if attacks are infrequent. We also propose a revision to the ICHD-2 diagnostic criteria for retinal migraine.

scholarly journals Chronic subdural hematoma - diagnosis, treatment and perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Mirela Jukovic ◽  
Viktor Till
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Disease Therapy ◽  
Conservative And Surgical Treatment

Introduction. Chronic subdural hematoma has become an important entity in radiological, neurological and neurosurgery practice. Classification. The classification of chronic subdural hematoma is most often done in relation to the time of the disease onset (acute, subacute and chronic), whereas the second classification is based on hematoma density using computed tomography. Clinical presentation. The clinical presentation may mimic a spectrum of various diseases and chronic subdural hematoma can be easily overlooked without radiological verification. Diagnosis. The diagnosis of chronic subdural hematoma is partly clinical and partly radiological. In most cases, computed tomography is the initial diagnostic method for detection of this disease. Many studies point to different management strategies in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Therapy. The therapy of chronic subdural hematoma depends on the patient?s neurological deficit, but generally it is divided into conservative and surgical treatment. Conclusion. The aim of this paper is to review chronic subdural hematomas with reference to their clinical and radiological characteristics for better understanding of these phenomena.

Mucormycosis: Early Identification of a Deadly Fungus

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-266
Author(s):  
Ariel M. Brettholz ◽  
Sabrina Opiola Mccauley
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Pediatric Oncology ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Mucormycosis is a rare invasive fungal infection that affects immunocompromised patients and is fatal when not identified and treated early. Diagnosis is often delayed as the symptoms are nonspecific and frequently mimic other common diseases. Pediatric patients with cancer are at risk for the infection; however, there is limited research that applies directly to the pediatric population. An understanding of the risk factors and clinical presentation of mucormycosis is crucial for the pediatric oncology provider to initiate the workup and provide prompt treatment. The gold standard for diagnosing mucormycosis is biopsy; however, the use of polymerase chain reaction is a novel tool that is being investigated. The mainstays of treatment are antifungal medications, surgery, and reversal of predisposing risk factors, although, new therapies are also emerging. This article will review the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnostics of mucormycosis and will discuss current treatment and management strategies for the pediatric oncology clinician to allow for timely diagnosis and intervention to optimize patient outcomes.

Migraine and vertigo

2020 ◽  
pp. 128-137
Author(s):  
Yoon-Hee Cha
Keyword(s):  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Vestibular Migraine ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Temporal Profile ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Vestibular Symptoms ◽  
The Common ◽  
Treatment Responses

The phenomena of migraine headache and vertigo share many epidemiological, anatomical, and clinical characteristics. The historically parallel development of the neuroscience of each field has formally intersected in the development of consensus criteria for vestibular migraine and the inclusion of vestibular migraine in the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Differences exist in the temporal profile of head pain and vertigo as manifestations of migraine, which can obscure the association. However, the growing body of evidence on the common demographic, neurochemical signature, and treatment responses of pain and vestibular symptoms indicate that they exist as symptoms of a common syndrome, one which can only be fully understood by recognizing the significance of each kind of manifestation.

The Research and Management Strategies of Supply Chain Risks

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 5523-5527
Author(s):  
Ran Ding
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Supply Chain Risk Management ◽  
Supply Chain Risk ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Countermeasures And Suggestions ◽  
Supply Chain Risks

The competition between supply chains is increasingly fierce on the current, supply chain risk management is got more attention by people. This paper elaborates definitions and meaning of the supply chain risk and supply chain risk management at first, followed by the classification of supply chain risk factors whose features are analyzed and compared thereafter. In the last, the paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions on supply chain risk management, which provides a useful reference for the future studies.

Update on headache and brain tumors

Cephalalgia ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 033310242097435
Author(s):  
Antonio Palmieri ◽  
Luca Valentinis ◽  
Giorgio Zanchin
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumour ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Red Flags ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Third ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Lying Down

Headache is one of the leading symptoms often associated with brain tumours. Secondary headaches attributed to intracranial neoplasias have been included in subchapter 7.4 of the third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3). According to ICHD-3, the headache may be attributed to a brain tumour if it has developed in close temporal relation with the development of the neoplasia, has significantly worsened in parallel with the worsening of the tumour, and/or has significantly improved following the successful treatment of the neoplasia. Brain tumour headache was traditionally thought to display some specific clinical characteristics, including worsening in the morning and/or when lying down, being aggravated by Valsalva-like manoeuvres and accompanied by nausea and/or vomiting; however, the studies performed after the advent of modern neurodiagnostic techniques have pointed out that the “classic” brain tumour headache is uncommon, particularly at the time of clinical presentation. Therefore, it becomes critical to seek some specific factors associated with the presence of an intracranial mass (the so-called “red flags”) that can guide the physician to establish an accurate diagnosis.

Migraine Features in Patients with Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness

2021 ◽  
pp. 000348942110072
Author(s):  
Brooke Sarna ◽  
Adwight Risbud ◽  
Ariel Lee ◽  
Ethan Muhonen ◽  
Mehdi Abouzari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Retrospective Survey ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Weather Changes ◽  
Survey Responses

Objectives: To evaluate the presence of migraine features in patients with persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD). Methods: In a retrospective survey study, consecutive patients presenting to a tertiary care neurotology clinic during an 18-month period were given questionnaires about headache and dizziness symptoms. The survey responses plus history and examination of the patient were used to diagnose patients with PPPD. The prevalence of migraine headache, vestibular migraine (VM), and migraine characteristics was evaluated. Results: In total, 36 subjects with PPPD were included in the study. The mean age of the subjects was 56 ± 16 years with a female (72%) predominance. A total of 19 (53%) patients met the International Classification of Headache Disorders criteria for migraine headache, and 6 of those (17%) met the criteria for definite VM. Of the patients who did not meet full migraine headache criteria, 6 (17%) patients met 4 of 5 criteria, and 5 (14%) patients met 3 of 5 criteria. There was no significant difference between PPPD patients who fulfilled full migraine headache criteria and those who did not in sensitivity to light, sound, smells, weather changes, feelings of mental fog/confusion, and sinus pain/facial pressure. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that a majority of patients with PPPD fulfill the criteria for migraine headache. A large proportion of PPPD patients who do not meet the full criteria for migraine headache still meet a majority of the migraine headache criteria. This suggests an association between the 2 conditions. PPPD may be a part of the spectrum of otologic migraine, where migraine manifests as otologic symptoms.

scholarly journals Pediatric Stroke: A Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel S. Tsze ◽  
Jonathan H. Valente
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Pediatric Stroke ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis

Stroke is relatively rare in children, but can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Understanding that children with strokes present differently than adults and often present with unique risk factors will optimize outcomes in children. Despite an increased incidence of pediatric stroke, there is often a delay in diagnosis, and cases may still remain under- or misdiagnosed. Clinical presentation will vary based on the child's age, and children will have risk factors for stroke that are less common than in adults. Management strategies in children are extrapolated primarily from adult studies, but with different considerations regarding short-term anticoagulation and guarded recommendations regarding thrombolytics. Although most recommendations for management are extrapolated from adult populations, they still remain useful, in conjunction with pediatric-specific considerations.

scholarly journals Association of Benign Recurrent Vertigo and Migraine in 208 Patients

Cephalalgia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y-H Cha ◽  
H Lee ◽  
LS Santell ◽  
RW Baloh
Keyword(s):  
Migraine With Aura ◽  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Migrainous Vertigo

The aim of this study was to determine the association of benign recurrent vertigo (BRV) and migraine, using standardized questionnaire-based interview of 208 patients with BRV recruited through a University Neurotology clinic. Of 208 patients with BRV, 180 (87%) met the International Classification of Headache Disorders 2004 criteria for migraine: 112 migraine with aura (62%) and 68 without aura (38%). Twenty-eight (13%) did not meet criteria for migraine. Among patients with migraine, 70% experienced headache, one or more auras, photophobia, or auditory symptoms with some or all of their vertigo attacks, meeting the criteria for definite migrainous vertigo. Thirty per cent never experienced migraine symptoms concurrent with vertigo attacks. These met criteria for probable migrainous vertigo. Among patients without migraine, 21% experienced either photophobia or auditory symptoms with some or all of their vertigo attacks; 79% experienced only isolated vertigo. The age of onset and duration of vertigo attacks did not differ significantly between patients with (34 ± 1.2 years) and patients without migraine (31 ± 3.0 years). In patients with migraine, the age of onset of migraine headache preceded the onset of vertigo attacks by an average of 14 years and aura preceded vertigo by 8 years. The most frequent duration of vertigo attacks was between 1 h and 1 day. Benign recurrent vertigo is highly associated with migraine, but a high proportion of patients with BRV and migraine never have migraine symptoms during their vertigo attacks. Other features such as age of onset and duration of vertigo are similar between patients with or without migraine.

Impact of Ramadan Fasting on Migraine Headache

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasem Yousef Al-Hashel ◽  
Fathi Abokalawa ◽  
Raneem Toma ◽  
Amani Algubari ◽  
Samar Farouk Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Episodic Migraine ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Ramadan Fasting ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analgesic Use

Abstract Background: Fasting is known as a migraine trigger for migraine. Muslims fast one month every luminal year. We aimed to study the impact of The Holy month of Ramadan on episodic migraine.Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed as migraine according to The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICDH-3). Both genders, aged between 18 and 65 years were included. The impact of fasting and changing habits during the month of Ramadan was studied. Frequency, severity of migraine attacks and number of analgesic days during Ramadan were compared to those during Shaban, the Immediate previous month to Ramadan. Number of breaking fasting due to migraine was reported.Results: This study identified 293 with migraine with mean age and mean disease duration 37.09 ±9.36, 12.34±9.27 years respectively. Most of them were females(89.1%). During Ramadan month, the patient had significant increase in migraine days 10.42±7.98 compared with 6.90±6.55 migraine days during the previous month (p < 0.001). Also, days of analgesic use (11.32±10.46 versus 6.11±6.69;P<0,001) and migraine severity (7.46±2.39 versus 6.84±2.25; P<0,001) were significantly increased during Ramadan compared to Shaban. Most of the patients completed fasting the whole month of Ramadan. A minority (1.7) could not tolerate fasting whole Ramadan due intolerable migraine headache and 36.5% broke their fasting for some days during Ramadan. Some patients changed previous prophylactic therapy before fasting to reduce the impact of fasting on migraine headache. Most of our cohort (82.3%) continue on the same management plan for migraine during Ramadan. Majority of cohort (75.4%) reported that migraine interfered with their daily activities due to fasting during Ramadan. Conclusion: Ramadan fasting has negative impact on the majority of migraine patients. Physicians should educate migraine patients who to manage their headache and habits before starting fasting.

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