scholarly journals Assess Effectiveness of Salt Removal by a Subsurface Drainage with Bundled Crop Straws in Coastal Saline Soil Using HYDRUS-3D

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peirong Lu ◽  
Zhanyu Zhang ◽  
Zhuping Sheng ◽  
Mingyi Huang ◽  
Zemin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Soil Leaching ◽  
High Investment ◽  
Soil Desalination ◽  
Salt Distribution ◽  
Coastal Land

The low permeability of soil and high investment of salt management pose great challenges for implementation of land reclamation in coastal areas. In this study, a temporary soil leaching system was tested in which bundled maize straw (straw drainage module, SDM) was operated as a subsurface drainage tube and diluted seawater was used for leaching. A preliminary field experiment was conducted in coastal soil-filled lysimeters to examine the system’s feasibility and a numerical model (HYDRUS-3D) based on field measured data was designed to simulate the entire leaching process. The simulation results showed that the soil water velocity and the non-uniformity of salt distribution were apparently enhanced in the region approaching the drain outlet. The mass balance information indicated that the amount of water drained with SDM accounts for 37.9–66.0% of the total amount of leaching water, and the mass of salt removal was about 1.7 times that of the salt input from the diluted seawater. Additional simulations were conducted to explore the impacts of the design parameters, including leaching amount, the salinity of leaching water, and the number of leaching events on the desalination performance of the leaching system. Such simulations showed that the salt removal efficiency and soil desalination rate both were negatively related to the seawater mixture rate but were positively associated with the amount of leaching water. Increasing the leaching times, the salt removal efficiency was gradually decreased in all treatments, but the soil desalination rate was decreased only in the treatments leached with less diluted seawater. Our results confirmed the feasibility of the SDM leaching system in soil desalination and lay a good foundation for this system application in initial reclamation of saline coastal land.

scholarly journals Analysis of The Rate of Saline Soil Leaching by Using Subsurface Drainage

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nibras Nasyirah ◽  
◽  
Dedi Kalsim ◽  
Satyanto Saptomo ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saline Soil ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Soil Leaching

Relationship between design parameters and removal efficiency for constructed wetlands in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Li ◽  
Aizhong Ding ◽  
Lei Zheng ◽  
Bruce C. Anderson ◽  
Linghua Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Design Parameters

scholarly journals EVOLUTION OF THE HUMUS CLAYEY MATERIAL OF THE CHERNOZEM HORIZON DURING LAND RECLAMATION OF SOLONETZES BY GROUNDING

2011 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
N. Chizhikova ◽  
N. Khitrov ◽  
Yu. Cheverdin
Keyword(s):  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Specific Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Soil Reclamation ◽  
Disordered Structure ◽  
Clayey Material ◽  
Highly Dispersed ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Water Saturated

Under the influence of the saline process (sodium exchange rate of 5-15% and specific electrical conductivity of the extract from the water-saturated paste ECse < 2 dSm/m) the well aggregated black earth material used for soil reclamation by means of hydromorphous black earth salt complexes starts to turn into a peptized state and is evolutionarily transformed into a texture-differentiated profile of saline soil. Part of the previously aggregated silt passes to the water-performed state and begins to move down the profile from 0-4 cm layer. Water-performed sludge consists of highly ordered complex mixed mica-smektite formations with a high content of smectite packets, hydro-mica, kaolinite, chlorite, as well as highly dispersed quartz. A distinctive feature of the soil surface horizons of the solonetz complex is the increased content of highly dispersed quartz of micron dimension. The composition of mineral components in the aggregated muds remains the same, but the share of hydro-mica increases, and mixed-layer mica-smektites have a more perfect structure due to less disordered structure in crystallites. The share of finely dispersed quartz in the aggregated silt fraction is less than that of water-peptized silt, and is more similar to that of loess-like loess-like loam, which is a soil-forming rock.

scholarly journals Calibration of DRAINMOD for prediction of water table depths and drain discharges under waterlogged Vertisols of Maharashtra, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 724-731
Author(s):  
Shrimant Rathod ◽  
Sudhir Dahiwalkar ◽  
Sunil Gorantiwar ◽  
Mukund Shinde
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Design System ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Drain Spacing ◽  
Drainage Design ◽  
Rainy Days

An estimation of optimal design parameters of subsurface drainage system through monitoring of water table depths and drain discharges are expensive in terms of time and money. The simulation modeling is an effective tool for estimation of drainage design parameters at less cost and short time. In view to this, calibration of DRAINMOD model for prediction of water table depths and drain discharges were conducted by installing subsurface drainage system with 40 m drain spacing and 1.0 m drain depth at Agricultural Research Station, Kasbe Digraj, Dist. Sangli (Maharashtra) during 2012-13 to 2013-14. The field data on water table depth and drain discharge were used for calibration of DRAINMOD model. The input data files on climatic, soil, crop and drainage design system parameters were attached to DRAINMOD model and calibrated successfully. It is found that both observed and simulated water table depths and drain discharges showed a fluctuating trend and predicted both water table depths and drain discharges closely with the observed values during frequent rainy days and following the rainy days. The DRAINMOD model reliably predicted water table depths with a goodness of fit (R2 = 0.97), MAE (12.23 cm), RMSE (15.49 cm) and CRM (0.05); drain discharges with R2 of  0.93, MAE of 0.095 mm day-1, RMSE of 0.1876 mm day-1and CRM of 0.04. Thus, the calibrated DRAINMOD model can be used to simulate the water table depths and drain discharges in semi-arid climatic conditions of Maharashtra and in turn to estimate and evaluate drain spacing and depth.

scholarly journals FLUENT Simulation Design and Optimization of Biological Aerated Filter

2022 ◽  
Vol 2148 (1) ◽  
pp. 012037
Author(s):  
Shuqin Wang ◽  
Zhiqiang Zhang ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Wenqi Zhao ◽  
Chungang Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Biological Aerated Filter ◽  
Simulation Design ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Aerated Filter

Abstract In this paper, a small biological aerated filter for experimental use was designed, and a method was explored to optimize the nitrogen removal efficiency by using FLUENT software to simulate the particle size of the filler, the amount of the filler, the initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen, dissolved oxygen and other operating parameters. Through the simulation experiment, the optimal design parameters of the particle size of filler, the amount of filler, the initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the dissolved oxygen of the biological aerated filter are 4mm, 60%, 15% and 1.5%, respectively, when the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen exceeds 30% reported in the literature. It provides a reference for the experimental research and practical application of biological aerated filter (BAF) denitrification.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Potential Use of Bundled Crop Straws as Subsurface Drainage Material in the Newly Reclaimed Coastal Land in Eastern China

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peirong Lu ◽  
Zhanyu Zhang ◽  
Genxiang Feng ◽  
Mingyi Huang ◽  
Xufan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Coastal Land ◽  
Potential Use

Review of coastal Land Reclamation situation in the World

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (sp1) ◽  
pp. 667-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Martín-Antón ◽  
Vicente Negro ◽  
José María del Campo ◽  
José Santos López-Gutiérrez ◽  
M. Dolores Esteban
Keyword(s):  
Land Reclamation ◽  
The World ◽  
Coastal Land

Experimental Coastal Land Reclamation: Qianhai as a Case Interpreted

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Lawrence W.C. Lai ◽  
K. W. Chau ◽  
Frank T. Lorne ◽  
Weisheng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Coastal Land

The Application of Costs and Benefits Analysis in Coastal Land-Reclamation

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 5232-5237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Yun He ◽  
Xiong Zhi Xue ◽  
Hao Kong
Keyword(s):  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Shadow Price ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Reclaimed Land ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Coastal Land

Today, the coastal areas of the world amounting to nearly 10% of the total world’s land area, supports nearly half of the world’s human population. This causes serious population pressure and environmental problems. To reduce the pressure of land scarcity, cities along the coastal land are now paying their attention to land reclamation. Although land reclamation results in significant benefits to the coastal cities, it simultaneously causes serious environmental problems. Therefore, satisfactory management of reclaimed land is a big challenge which governments are now facing. Based on economics, this article presents some economic means to efficiently manage coastal areas. Integrating the costs-benefits analysis and input-output table, this paper builds the “costs-benefits analysis system”, and provides the models of estimating the value of some main aspects of the costs. Through outcome consult method, shadow price, TCM (Travel Cost Method), CVM (Contingent Valuation Method) and other methods, one can appraise the ecological damage in monetary terms, which allows to transform questions of “yes” or “no” into questions of “more” or “less”, one can easily judge the feasibility of this project in terms of social benefits. Using this costs-benefits analysis system to assess the land reclamation in Gulei port, Zhangzhou, China, the outcome showed that the total costs were almost 3.4 times more than the benefits, meaning that it is really not beneficial to construct the project from economics point of view.

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