scholarly journals Numerical Modeling of Microbial Fate and Transport in Natural Waters: Review and Implications for Normal and Extreme Storm Events

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsea J. Weiskerger ◽  
Mantha S. Phanikumar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Fate And Transport ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Transport Simulation ◽  
The Face ◽  
Observable Data ◽  
Fate And Transport Modeling

Degradation of water quality in recreational areas can be a substantial public health concern. Models can help beach managers make contemporaneous decisions to protect public health at recreational areas, via the use of microbial fate and transport simulation. Approaches to modeling microbial fate and transport vary widely in response to local hydrometeorological contexts, but many parameterizations include terms for base mortality, solar inactivation, and sedimentation of microbial contaminants. Models using these parameterizations can predict up to 87% of variation in observed microbial concentrations in nearshore water, with root mean squared errors ranging from 0.41 to 5.37 log10 Colony Forming Units (CFU) 100 mL−1. This indicates that some models predict microbial fate and transport more reliably than others and that there remains room for model improvement across the board. Model refinement will be integral to microbial fate and transport simulation in the face of less readily observable processes affecting water quality in nearshore areas. Management of contamination phenomena such as the release of storm-associated river plumes and the exchange of contaminants between water and sand at the beach can benefit greatly from optimized fate and transport modeling in the absence of directly observable data.

Assessing the health implications of turbidity and suspended particles in protected catchments

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Cinque ◽  
M.A. Stevens ◽  
D.J. Roser ◽  
N.J. Ashbolt ◽  
R. Leeming
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Suspended Particle ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Harvesting ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Australian Water ◽  
Microbial Indicators ◽  
High Turbidity

The supply of unfiltered disinfected drinking water from Melbourne's fully protected catchments means that the water-quality managers must ensure that the source water poses no public health risk. High turbidity is currently used as a surrogate of pathogens, and harvesting of water is based on its measurement. The work presented here summarises suspended particle and associated pathogen, microbial indicator and faecal biomarker concentrations collected to (a) quantify turbidity in an Australian water supply system and (b) assess the possibility of increasing water harvesting from selected tributaries. Pathogens and microbial indicators were present in low numbers in these source waters; increased turbidity during storm events was not associated with an increase in pathogen concentration. The results confirmed that protected catchments, along with good management, were effective barriers to pathogen contamination. Aesthetic issues still need to be addressed, but no measurable increase in microbiological risk was associated with storm-generated particles.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF CONCENTRATION OF SOME HEAVY METALS BY SORBENTS BASED ON VERMICULITE IN HYDROSPHERE OBJECTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.P. Lutsko ◽  
◽  
A.V. Osipova ◽  
D.A. Skvortsov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Natural Mineral

The problem of water quality occupies a crucial place in the system of nature protection and public health. Due to anthropogenic activities, heavy metals are one of the most common pollutants of natural waters. The natural mineral vermiculite has proven to be an effective absorber of trace amounts of heavy metals.

TOXINS FROM CYANOBACTERIA AND THEIR POTENTIAL IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY OF LAKE KINNERET, ISRAEL

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assaf Sukenik ◽  
Claudia Rosin ◽  
Ram Porat ◽  
Benjamin Teltsch ◽  
Roni Banker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Lake Kinneret ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
General Description ◽  
Filamentous Cyanobacterium ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
First Time

A number of different species of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) produce toxins of several different types. Cyanobacterial Wooms present a serious health concern when they occur in water bodies that supply potable water. Lake Kinneret, the major water source in Israel, was characterized for many years by relatively stable phytoplankton populations which fluctuated with the seasons in a quite predictable manner. An exceptional bloom of the filamentous cyanobacteriumAphanizomenon ovalisporum, which produces hepatotoxin, was observed for the first time in Lake Kinneret during the fall of 1994. Cylindrospermopsin, a toxin produced byA. ovalisporum, was purified and chemically characterized. The potential implications of cylindrospermopsin-producingA. ovalisporumbloom in Lake Kinneret on water quality is discussed, together with a general description of cyanobacterial toxins and their occurrence in natural waters.

scholarly journals Predicting the impact of aqueous ions on fate and transport of munition compounds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Schutt ◽  
Manoj Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Natural Waters ◽  
Fate And Transport ◽  
Interaction Energies ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Aqueous Ions ◽  
Fate And Transport Modeling ◽  
Primary Ions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Related Compounds

A model framework for natural water has been developed using computational chemistry techniques to elucidate the interactions between solvated munition compounds and eight common ions in naturally occurring water sources. The interaction energies, residence times, coordination statistics, and surface preferences of nine munition related compounds with each ion were evaluated. The propensity of these interactions to increase degradation of the munition compound was predicted using accelerated replica QM/MM simulations. The degradation prediction data qualitatively align with previous quantum mechanical studies. The results suggest that primary ions of interest for fate and transport modeling of munition compounds in natural waters may follow the relative importance of SO₄²⁻, Cl⁻ ≫ HCO₃⁻, Na⁺, Mg²⁺ > Ca²⁺, K⁺, and NH₄⁺.

Reframing Fatness: Critiquing ‘Obesity’

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethan Evans ◽  
Charlotte Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Policy Language ◽  
Religious Imagery ◽  
Fat Bodies

Over the last twenty years or so, fatness, pathologised as overweight and obesity, has been a core public health concern around which has grown a lucrative international weight loss industry. Referred to as a ‘time bomb’ and ‘the terror within’, analogies of ‘war’ circulate around obesity, framing fatness as enemy.2 Religious imagery and cultural and moral ideologies inform medical, popular and policy language with the ‘sins’ of ‘gluttony’ and ‘sloth’, evoked to frame fat people as immoral at worst and unknowledgeable victims at best, and understandings of fatness intersect with gender, class, age, sexuality, disability and race to make some fat bodies more problematically fat than others. As Evans and Colls argue, drawing on Michel Foucault, a combination of medical and moral knowledges produces the powerful ‘obesity truths’ through which fatness is framed as universally abject and pathological. Dominant and medicalised discourses of fatness (as obesity) leave little room for alternative understandings.

European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption: the ESAC programme

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Antimicrobial Consumption ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Major Public Health Concern

Resistance to antimicrobials has become a major public health concern, and it has been shown that there is a relationship, albeit complex, between antimicrobial resistance and consumption

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