scholarly journals Analytical and Numerical Methods for a Preliminary Assessment of the Remediation Time of Pump and Treat Systems

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2850
Author(s):  
Matteo Antelmi ◽  
Francesca Renoldi ◽  
Luca Alberti
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Remediation ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Matrix Diffusion ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Pump And Treat ◽  
Advection Dispersion ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Several remediation technologies are currently used to address groundwater pollution. “Pump and treat” (P&T) is probably one of the most widely applied, being a process where contaminated groundwater is extracted from the subsurface by pumping and then treated before it is discharged or reinjected into the aquifer. Despite being a very adaptable technology, groundwater remediation is often achieved in long and unsustainable times because of limitations due to the hydrogeological setting and contaminant properties. Therefore, the cost–benefit analysis over time results in an inefficient system and a preliminary evaluation of the clean-up time is crucial. The aim of the paper is to compare, in an integrated manner, the application of some models to estimate the time to compliance of a P&T system in relation to the specific hydrogeological condition. Analytical solutions are analyzed and applied to an industrial site and to a synthetic case. For both cases, batch flushing and the advection-dispersion-retardation (ADR) model underestimate remediation times comparing the results to real or simulated monitoring data, whereas the Square Root model provided more reliable remediation times. Finally, for the synthetic case, the reliability of analytical approaches and the effects of matrix diffusion are tested on the basis of a numerical groundwater transport model specifically implemented, which confirm the results of the analytical methods and the strong influence of the matrix diffusion on the results.

INFLUENCE OF CALCINED NANOCLAY ON FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF NAOH-TREATED HEMP FABRIC REINFORCED CEMENT NANOCOMPOSITES

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hakamy ◽  
F. U. A. Shaikh ◽  
I. M. Low
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Pozzolanic Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Reinforced Cement ◽  
Hemp Fabric

influence of calcined nanoclay (CNC) on the porosity and fracture toughness of treated hemp fabric-reinforced cement nanocomposites is presented in this paper. Characterisation of microstructure is investigated using Quantitative X-ray Diffraction Analysis (QXDA) and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). An optimum replacement of ordinary Portland cement with 1 wt% CNC is observed through reduced porosity and increased fracture toughness of treated hemp fabric-reinforced nanocomposite. The microstructural analysis indicates that the CNC affect not only as a filler to improve the microstructure, but also as the activator to support the pozzolanic reaction and thus improved the adhesion between the treated hemp fabric and the matrix. Cost-benefit analysis indicates the benefit of such cement eco-nanocomposites to develop new environmentally friendly nanomaterials and it can be used for various construction applications such as, ceilings and roofs.

Global Environmental Constitutionalism: Getting There from Here

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Kysar
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Welfare Economic ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Coherence ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Regulatory Cost ◽  
Analytical Approaches

AbstractDominant analytical approaches to environmental law exhibit a similar, problematic form: they treat that which should be outcome determining as, instead, outcome determined. This form is most evident and influential in the welfare economic technique of regulatory cost–benefit analysis, which treats all resources – including the monetary value of human lives – as potential means towards seemingly higher yielding ends. In contrast, an environmental constitutionalism, in which certain needs and interests of present and future generations, the global community, and other forms of life are given foundational legal importance, would help to restore conceptual coherence and normative priority to the subjects of environmental law.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Wider Economic Impact of a Transport Infrastructure Project Using an Integrated Land Use Transport Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanle Wang ◽  
Ming Zhong ◽  
John Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Standard Cost ◽  
Infrastructure Project

Major cities in developing countries are undergoing massive transportation infrastructure construction, which has significant impacts on the land use and economic activities in these cities. Standard Cost–Benefit Analysis (CBA) is applied to quantify the user benefits of transport projects, but does not provide an answer as to who will obtain the benefits and who will lose out and excludes the calculation of Wider Economic Impacts (WEIs) which can sometimes be large and hardly negligible. This paper introduces thoughts and experiences obtained through the design and development of an integrated land use transport model for the assessment of the WEI of a transport infrastructure project. The development and application of such an integrated model for WEI analysis should help decision-makers understand not only the “direct or immediate” impact of transport infrastructure on mobility, but also those “indirect or long-term” impacts on the distribution patterns of economic activities, corresponding land use, and resulting urban structure.

The Use of Cost-Benefit Analysis for Evaluating Efficiency of Public Investment Projects (The Case of Sochi-2014 Winter Olympic Games)

2011 ◽  
pp. 57-78
Author(s):  
I. Pilipenko
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
The Usa

The paper analyzes shortcomings of economic impact studies based mainly on input- output models that are often employed in Russia as well as abroad. Using studies about sport events in the USA and Olympic Games that took place during the last 30 years we reveal advantages of the cost-benefit analysis approach in obtaining unbiased assessments of public investments efficiency; the step-by-step method of cost-benefit analysis is presented in the paper as well. We employ the project of Sochi-2014 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games in Russia to evaluate its efficiency using cost-benefit analysis for five accounts (areas of impact), namely government, households, environment, economic development, and social development, and calculate the net present value of the project taking into account its possible alternatives. In conclusion we suggest several policy directions that would enhance public investment efficiency within the Sochi-2014 Olympics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document