Pleistocene Branchiopods (Cladocera, Anostraca) from Transbaikalian Siberia Demonstrate Morphological and Ecological Stasis

Pleistocene water bodies have been studied using the paleolimnological approach, which traces environmental changes using particular subfossils as ecological proxies, rather than analysis of the paleocommunities themselves. Within a given taphocoenosis, the presence and quantity of animals are related to environmental conditions rather than to community types where relationships between taxa are stabilized during their long-term co-occurrence and are (at least partially) more important than the particular environmental conditions at the time of deposition, which may have experienced significant seasonal and inter-seasonal variations. Here, we analyze Branchiopoda (Crustacea) of two paleolocalities in the Transbaikalian Region of Russia: Urtuy (MIS3) and Nozhiy (older than 1.5 million years). Cladocerans Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) magna, D. (C.) similis, D. (Daphnia) pulex, Ceriodaphnia pulchella-reticulata, C. laticaudata, Simocephalus sp., Moina cf. brachiata, M. macropopa clade, Chydorus cf. sphaericus, Capmtocercus sp. and anostracans Branchinecta cf. paludosa, and Streptocephalus (Streptocephalus) sp. are found in two localities. With the exception of the last taxon, which now occurs in the southern Holarctic, all other taxa inhabit the Transbaikalian Region. Within Eurasia, the steppe zone has the greatest diversity of large branchiopods and a high diversity of some cladocerans, such as subgenus Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) and Moina sp. Here we demonstrated that the branchiopod community in shallow steppe water bodies has been unchanged since at least the Pleistocene, demonstrating long-term morphological and ecological stasis.

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An On-Going Monitoring Project of a New Timber Structure

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.778.757 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 778 ◽

pp. 757-764 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Francesca Lanata

Keyword(s):

Structural Health Monitoring ◽

Health Monitoring ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Construction Material ◽

Structural Response ◽

Timber Structures ◽

The Real ◽

Structural Health

Structural design, regardless of construction material, is based mainly on deterministic codes that partially take into account the real structural response under service and environmental conditions. This approach can lead to overdesigned (and expensive) structures. The differences between the designed and the real behaviors are usually due to service loads not taken into account during the design or simply to the natural degradation of materials properties with time. This is particularly true for wood, which is strongly influenced by service and environmental conditions. Structural Health Monitoring can improve the knowledge of timber structures under service conditions, provide information on material aging and follow the degradation of the overall building performance with time.A long-term monitoring control has been planned on a three-floor structure composed by wooden trusses and composite concrete-wood slabs. The structure is located in Nantes, France, and it is the new extension to the Wood Science and Technology Academy (ESB). The main purpose of the monitoring is to follow the long-term structural response from a mechanical and energetic point of view, particularly during the first few service years. Both static and dynamic behavior is being followed through strain gages and accelerometers. The measurements will be further put into relation with the environmental changes, temperature and humidity in particular, and with the operational charges with the aim to improve the comprehension of long-term performances of wooden structures under service. The goal is to propose new improved and optimized methods to make timber constructions more efficient compared to other construction materials (masonry, concrete, steel).The paper will mainly focus on the criteria used to design the architecture of the monitoring system, the parameters to measure and the sensors to install. The first analyses of the measurements will be presented at the conference to have a feedback on the performance of the installed sensors and to start to define a general protocol for the Structural Health Monitoring of such type of timber structures.

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The Role of Chloroplast Membrane Lipid Metabolism in Plant Environmental Responses

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10030706 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 706

Author(s):

Ron Cook ◽

Josselin Lupette ◽

Christoph Benning

Keyword(s):

Environmental Conditions ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽

Life Forms ◽

Membrane Lipid ◽

Chloroplast Membrane ◽

Class Composition ◽

Environmental Responses

Plants are nonmotile life forms that are constantly exposed to changing environmental conditions during the course of their life cycle. Fluctuations in environmental conditions can be drastic during both day–night and seasonal cycles, as well as in the long term as the climate changes. Plants are naturally adapted to face these environmental challenges, and it has become increasingly apparent that membranes and their lipid composition are an important component of this adaptive response. Plants can remodel their membranes to change the abundance of different lipid classes, and they can release fatty acids that give rise to signaling compounds in response to environmental cues. Chloroplasts harbor the photosynthetic apparatus of plants embedded into one of the most extensive membrane systems found in nature. In part one of this review, we focus on changes in chloroplast membrane lipid class composition in response to environmental changes, and in part two, we will detail chloroplast lipid-derived signals.

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DNA from lake sediments reveals the long-term dynamics and diversity of <i>Synechococcus</i> assemblages

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-10-3817-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 3817-3838 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

I. Domaizon ◽

O. Savichtcheva ◽

D. Debroas ◽

F. Arnaud ◽

C. Villar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Trophic Status ◽

Community Dynamics ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Additive Models ◽

Phosphorus Concentration ◽

Rrna Gene

Abstract. While picocyanobacteria (PC) are important actors in carbon and nutrient cycles in aquatic systems, factors controlling their interannual dynamics and diversity are poorly known due to the general lack of long-term monitoring surveys. This study intended to fill this gap by applying a DNA-based paleolimnological approach to sediment records from a deep subalpine lake that has experienced dramatic changes in environmental conditions during the last century (eutrophication, re-oligotrophication and large-scale climate changes). In particular, we investigated the long-term (100 yr) diversity and dynamics of Synechococcus,, PC that have presumably been affected by both the lake trophic status changes and global warming. The lake's morphological and environmental conditions provided the ideal conditions for DNA preservation in the sediment archives. Generalised additive models applied to quantitative PCR (qPCR; quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) results highlighted that an increase in summer temperature could have a significant positive impact on the relative abundance of Synechococcus, (fraction of Synechococcus, in total cyanobacteria). The diversity of Synechococcus, in Lake Bourget was studied by phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene and the following internally transcribed spacer (ITS). Up to 23 different OTUs (based on 16S rRNA), which fell into various cosmopolitan or endemic clusters, were identified in samples from the past 100 yr. Moreover, the study of ITS revealed a higher diversity within the major 16S rRNA-defined OTUs. Changes in PC diversity were related to the lake's trophic status. Overall, qPCR and sequencing results showed that environmental changes (in temperature and phosphorus concentration) affected Synechococcus, community dynamics and structure, translating into changes in genotype composition. These results also helped to re-evaluate the geographical distribution of some Synechococcus, clusters. Providing such novel insights into the long-term history of an important group of primary producers, this study illustrates the promising approach that consists in coupling molecular tools and paleolimnology to reconstruct a lake's biodiversity history.

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Paleontological methods in environmental science

The Paleontological Society Special Publications ◽

10.1017/s2475262200006006 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 40-40

Author(s):

Grace S. Brush ◽

Humaira Khan

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Human Disturbance ◽

Large Scale ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Ecological Requirements ◽

Inorganic Substances ◽

Stratigraphic Record

Long term environmental changes, induced both by natural and anthropogenic causes, cannot be assessed by looking solely at historical records of temperature, rainfall, water quality, etc. Frequently, such records are nonexistent. Where they do exist, they are often too short to be of much use. However, sediments contain a stratigraphic record of environmental change that allows comparison of the historic period influenced largely by humans, with prehistoric time when climate was the major determinant of environmental conditions.The stratigraphic record contains various fossilized organic materials which reflect environmental conditions at the time of the their deposition. Most abundant are pollen and spores of aquatic and terrestrial plants. Correspondence between pollen assemblages and vegetation has been found in all parts of the world. Therefore stratigraphic changes in pollen taxa reveal much information regarding the vegetational history of a region. Knowledge of the ecological requirements of various taxa can then be used to infer past climatic conditions. For example, dominance of Juglans (walnut) pollen indicates wet conditions while abundance of Pteridium (bracken fern) spores is an indicator of fire, suggesting drier conditions. Pollen can also be used to trace human disturbance to the environment. Sharp increases in the pollen of Ambrosia (ragweed) in sediment cores indicate large scale land clearance by man.Seeds preserved in sediments provide another measure of temporal vegetational change. Generally, seeds are not dispersed far from the parent plant; hence they provide a more local record of vegetation than pollen. A decrease in seeds of aquatic plants and increase in seeds of higher ground taxa when accompanied by increased sedimentation rates is an indicator of infilling of an aquatic environment. If unaccompanied by increased sedimentation, the change more likely represents lowering of sea level. Disappearance of seeds of taxa sensitive to turbidity and eutrophication provide another long term record of human disturbance.Distributions of diatoms are affected by temperature, salinity, oxygen, light availability and nutrient levels in the water. Therefore changes in diatom species preserved in the sediments can be used as indicators of climate, turbidity, anoxia and eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems.Many inorganic substances preserved in sediments also provide a long term record of changes in the environment. Nitrogen and phosphorus can be measured in cores and used as a surrogate record of water quality in lakes and estuaries. Sharp increases in sedimentary accumulation of metals record wastewater discharge and fuel emissions, related to human activity.

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DNA from lake sediments reveals the long-term dynamics and diversity of <i>Synechococcus</i> assemblages

Biogeosciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/bgd-10-2515-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 2515-2564 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

I. Domaizon ◽

O. Savichtcheva ◽

D. Debroas ◽

F. Arnaud ◽

C. Villar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Trophic Status ◽

Community Dynamics ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Additive Models ◽

Phosphorus Concentration ◽

Rrna Gene

Abstract. While picocyanobacteria (PC) are important actors in carbon and nutrient cycles in aquatic systems, factors controlling their interannual dynamics and diversity are poorly known due to the general lack of long-term monitoring surveys. This study intended to fill this gap by applying a DNA-based paleolimnological approach to sediment records from a deep subalpine lake that has experienced dramatic changes in environmental conditions during the last century (eutrophication, re-oligotrophication and large-scale climate changes). We particularly investigated the long-term (100 yr) diversity and dynamics of Synechococcus, PC that have presumably been affected by both the lake trophic status changes and global warming. The lake's morphological and environmental conditions provided ideal conditions for DNA preservation in the sediment archives. Generalised additive models applied to quantitative PCR (qPCR) results highlighted that an increase in summer temperature could have a significant positive impact on the relative abundance of Synechococcus (fraction of Synechococcus in total cyanobacteria). The diversity of Synechococcus in Lake Bourget was studied by phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS). Up to 23 different OTUs (based on 16S rRNA), which fell into various cosmopolitan or endemic clusters, were identified in samples from the past 100 yr. Moreover, study of the ITS revealed a higher diversity within the major 16S rRNA-defined OTUs. Changes in PC diversity were related to the lake's trophic status. Overall, qPCR and sequencing results showed that environmental changes (here, in temperature and phosphorus concentration) affected Synechococcus community dynamics and structure, translating into changes in genotype composition. These results also helped to re-evaluate the geographical distribution of some Synechococcus clusters. Providing such novel insights into the long-term history of an important group of primary producers, this study illustrates the promising approach that consists in coupling molecular tools and paleolimnology to reconstruct a lake's biodiversity history.

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RESULTS OF RESEARCH ON THE POSSIBILITY OF ARTEMIA INDUSTRIAL EXPLOITATION IN NATURAL RESERVOIRS OF THE ASTRAKHAN REGION AND EVALUATION OF THE FEASIBILITY OF THE PASTURE AQUACULTURE IN HYPERHALINE WATER BODIES DEVELOPMENT IN THE ASTRAKHAN REGION AND REPUBLIC KALMYKIA

Fisheries ◽

10.37663/0131-6184-2020-3-113-118 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (3) ◽

pp. 113-118

Author(s):

Olga Pyatikopova ◽

Victoria Barinova ◽

Irina Bedritskaya ◽

Delgir Petrushkieva

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Water Bodies

The paper presents the materials of the appraisal hyperhaline water bodies of the Astrakhan region and Republic Kalmykia. The aim of the work was to assess the possibility of industrial exploitation of Artemia in natural reservoirs of the Astrakhan region and the feasibility of developing pastoral aquaculture in these regions. The results showed that reservoirs suitable for Artemia crustaceans and, consequently, for their cultivation (especially by extensive aquaculture methods) are extremely small and are mainly directly dependent on feeding (mostly forced), often degrade or disappear altogether in a dry climate. Due to the peculiarities of the water management situation, the strong variability in the long-term aspect of environmental conditions, especially salinity, in hyperhaline water bodies, makes it difficult to obtain a stable harvest of Artemia and thus to conduct pastoral aquaculture of this species.

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Morphological and Molecular Diversity of Benthic Cyanobacteria Communities Versus Environmental Conditions in Shallow, High Mountain Water Bodies in Eastern Pamir Mountains (Tajikistan)

Polish Journal of Ecology ◽

10.3161/15052249pje2019.67.4.002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 67 (4) ◽

pp. 286 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Iwona Jasser ◽

Iwona Kostrzewska-Szlakowska ◽

Jan Kwiatowski ◽

Dovutsho Navruzshoev ◽

Małgorzata Suska-Malawska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Conditions ◽

Molecular Diversity ◽

Water Bodies ◽

High Mountain ◽

Benthic Cyanobacteria ◽

Pamir Mountains

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Designing a CRM Framework for online & offline sports footwear retailers

"Carácter" Revista Cientifica de la Universidad Del Pacifico ISSN 2602-8476 ◽

10.35936/caracter.v3i1.41 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rodrigo Cueva ◽

Guillem Rufian ◽

Maria Gabriela Valdes

Keyword(s):

Environmental Changes ◽

Customer Relationship ◽

Business Strategies ◽

Economic Sectors ◽

Running Shoes ◽

Brick And Mortar ◽

Key Factor ◽

On Line ◽

The Impact

The use of Customer Relationship Managers to foster customers loyalty has become one of the most common business strategies in the past years. However, CRM solutions do not fill the abundance of happily ever-after relationships that business needs, and each client’s perception is different in the buying process. Therefore, the experience must be precise, in order to extend the loyalty period of a customer as much as possible. One of the economic sectors in which CRM’s have improved this experience is retailing, where the personalized attention to the customer is a key factor. However, brick and mortar experiences are not enough to be aware in how environmental changes could affect the industry trends in the long term. A base unified theoretical framework must be taken into consideration, in order to develop an adaptable model for constructing or implementing CRMs into companies. Thanks to this approximation, the information is complemented, and the outcome will increment the quality in any Marketing/Sales initiative. The goal of this article is to explore the different factors grouped by three main domains within the impact of service quality, from a consumer’s perspective, in both on-line and off-line retailing sector. Secondly, we plan to go a step further and extract base guidelines about previous analysis for designing CRM’s solutions focused on the loyalty of the customers for a specific retailing sector and its product: Sports Running Shoes.

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Past testate amoeba communities in landslide mountain fens (Polish Carpathians): The relationship between shell types and sediment

The Holocene ◽

10.1177/0959683621994647 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095968362199464

Author(s):

Katarzyna Marcisz ◽

Krzysztof Buczek ◽

Mariusz Gałka ◽

Włodzimierz Margielewski ◽

Matthieu Mulot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Changes ◽

Testate Amoebae ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

Testate Amoeba ◽

Run Off ◽

Number Of Factors ◽

Depth To Water Table ◽

Polish Carpathians ◽

The Relationship

Landslide mountain fens formed in landslide depressions are dynamic environments as their development is disturbed by a number of factors, for example, landslides, slopewash, and surface run-off. These processes lead to the accumulation of mineral material and wood in peat. Disturbed peatlands are interesting archives of past environmental changes, but they may be challenging for providing biotic proxy-based quantitative reconstructions. Here we investigate long-term changes in testate amoeba communities from two landslide mountain fens – so far an overlooked habitat for testate amoeba investigations. Our results show that abundances of testate amoebae are extremely low in this type of peatlands, therefore not suitable for providing quantitative depth-to-water table reconstructions. However, frequent shifts of dominant testate amoeba species reflect dynamic lithological situation of the studied fens. We observed that high and stable mineral matter input into the peatlands was associated with high abundances of species producing agglutinated (xenosomic) as well as idiosomic shells which prevailed in the testate amoeba communities in both analyzed profiles. This is the first study that explores testate amoebae of landslide mountain fens in such detail, providing novel information about microbial communities of these ecosystems.

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Long-term changes in morphological traits of Daphnia pulex in Lake Fukami-ike, Japan

Limnology ◽

10.1007/s10201-021-00659-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yurie Otake ◽

Hajime Ohtsuki ◽

Jotaro Urabe ◽

Kazuyoshi Yamada ◽

Takehito Yoshida

Keyword(s):

Morphological Traits ◽

Daphnia Pulex ◽

Long Term Changes

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