Using Soil Water Stable Isotopes to Investigate Soil Water Movement in a Water Conservation Forest in Hani Terrace

Water conservation forests significantly contribute to the stability of mountain agricultural ecosystems in Hani Terrace. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between the stable isotopic composition of soil water and precipitation to determine the mechanisms of soil water movement in the small watershed of Quanfuzhuang. We observed significant seasonal variations in soil water sources: antecedent precipitation was the dominant supply during the dry season, and current precipitation dominated during the rainy season. The recharge ratio of precipitation to soil water in the grassland was significantly higher than that in the arbor land and shrubland. The influence of water infiltration, old and new soil water mixing, and soil evaporation on the soil water stable isotopes gradually decreased from the surface (0–20 cm) to the deep (60–80 cm) soil. We observed significant seasonal variability in average soil water δ18O in the upper 0–60 cm and lower variability at 60–100 cm. The average soil water δ18O was generally higher in the dry season than in the rainy season. The mixing of old and new water is a continuous and cumulative process that is impacted by soil structure, soil texture, and precipitation events. We therefore identified a significant time delay in soil water supply with increasing soil depth. Moreover, the piston flow of soil water co-occurred with preferential flow, and the latter was the dominant supply during the rainy season.

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Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Influence on Overland Flow and Water Infiltration by Fracture Networks in Soil

Geofluids ◽

10.1155/2018/7056858 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lei Zhu ◽

Dongjun Fan ◽

Rong Ma ◽

Yonggen Zhang ◽

Yuanyuan Zha

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Water Flow ◽

Surface Runoff ◽

Preferential Flow ◽

Water Movement ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Soil Matrix ◽

Soil Water Infiltration ◽

Soil Water Movement

Preferential flow is common in clay or expansive clay soils, involving water bypassing a large portion of the soil matrix. Dye tracer experiment and numerical modeling are used to simulate the surface runoff and subsurface preferential flow patterns influenced by the soil fracture network of a relatively steep hillslope system (slope angle equals to 10 degrees). The result of the experiments indicates that part of the water is infiltrated through cracks, leading to the delay of the initial runoff-yielding time and reduction of the discharge of the surface runoff. The soil water flow is mainly in the matrix when the intensity of precipitation is low. With the increasing of precipitation, soil water movement may become in the form of preferential flow through cracks. In addition, the nonuniformity of soil water infiltration and the depth of the average water infiltration increase as the precipitation intensity increases. To this end, the complete coupling model was established by using the surface-matrix-crack (SMC) model to simulate water flow within discrete fracture as well as to simulate water flow in the soil matrix based on the concept of dual permeability using the traditional Richards’ equation. In this model, the “cubic law” of fluid motion in cracks within smooth parallel plates and the two-dimensional diffusion wave approximation to Saint-Venant equations with momentum term ignored (two-dimensional shallow water equations) were used. The model divides soil water infiltration into two forms and uses the overall method to calculate the exchange of water between the crack networks and matrix regions as well as the exchange water between surface runoff and infiltration water. Results indicate that the SMC model has better performance compared with the traditional equivalent continuum model when those models are used to simulate the surface runoff movement and the soil water movement in the presence of cracks.

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Training on Water Conservation and Application of Biopori Holes to Farmers of Palm plantation and Vegetable Farming in Bengkulu Province

Proceeding of Community Development ◽

10.30874/comdev.2018.162 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 782

Author(s):

Hery Haryanto

Keyword(s):

Water Conservation ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Dry Season ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Stagnant Water ◽

Training Activity ◽

Run Off ◽

Vegetable Farming

This essay is a summary of training activity of water conservation and application of biopori holes at two villages in Bengkulu Province, i.e. Pering Baru village surrounded by palm cultivation, Suro Lembak dominated by vegetable farming. Both villages were experienced with shortage of water during dry season, and plenty of water during rainy season. So people from both villages were eager to be trained on water conservation and implementation of biopori hole. Water conservation in palm plantation and vegetable farming were done by making ditches perpendicular with the slope of lands in order to collect run off water, and lead to infiltration. Moreover, biopori holes could be constructed around their homes in order to increase water infiltration, and also to be used as organic waste digester for producing composts. This biopori holes protected from malaria diseases due to no more stagnant water.

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Effect of integrating straw into agricultural soils on soil infiltration and evaporation

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2012.140 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 65 (12) ◽

pp. 2213-2218 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Jiansheng Cao ◽

Changming Liu ◽

Wanjun Zhang ◽

Yunlong Guo

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Land Surface ◽

Water Movement ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Soil Column ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Water Evaporation ◽

Soil Infiltration ◽

Straw Mulching

Soil water movement is a critical consideration for crop yield in straw-integrated fields. This study used an indoor soil column experiment to determine soil infiltration and evaporation characteristics in three forms of direct straw-integrated soils (straw mulching, straw mixing and straw inter-layering). Straw mulching is covering the land surface with straw. Straw mixing is mixing straw with the top 10 cm surface soil. Then straw inter-layering is placing straw at the 20 cm soil depth. There are generally good correlations among the mulch integration methods at p < 0.05, and with average errors/biases <10%. Straw mixing exhibited the best effect in terms of soil infiltration, followed by straw mulching. Due to over-burden weight-compaction effect, straw inter-layering somehow retarded soil infiltration. In terms of soil water evaporation, straw mulching exhibited the best effect. This was followed by straw mixing and then straw inter-layering. Straw inter-layering could have a long-lasting positive effect on soil evaporation as it limited the evaporative consumption of deep soil water. The responses of the direct straw integration modes to soil infiltration and evaporation could lay the basis for developing efficient water-conservation strategies. This is especially useful for water-scarce agricultural regions such as the arid/semi-arid regions of China.

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Training on Water Conservation and Application of Biopori Holes to Farmers of Palm plantation and Vegetable Farming in Bengkulu Province [Penyuluhan Konservasi Air dan Penerapan Teknologi Biopori Terhadap Masyarakat Pemilik Kebun Kelapa Sawit dan Sayur Mayur Di Bengkulu]

Proceeding of Community Development ◽

10.30874/comdev.2018.145 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 527

Author(s):

Hery Haryanto ◽

Bambang Trihadi ◽

Risky Hadi Wibowo

Keyword(s):

Water Conservation ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Dry Season ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Runoff Water ◽

Stagnant Water ◽

Training Activity ◽

Vegetable Farming

This essay is a summary of a training activity of water conservation and application of biopori holes at two villages in Bengkulu Province, i.e. Pering Baru village surrounded by palm cultivation, Suro Lembak dominated by vegetable farming. Both villages were experienced with shortage of water during dry season and plenty of water during rainy season. So people from both villages were eager to be trained on water conservation and implementation of biopori hole. Water conservation in palm plantation and vegetable farming were done by making ditches perpendicular with the slope of lands in order to collect runoff water and lead to infiltration. Moreover, biopori holes could be constructed around their homes in order to increase water infiltration, and also to be used as organic waste digester for producing composts. This biopori holes protected from malaria diseases due to no more stagnant water.

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Simulation of the Water Dynamics and Root Water Uptake of Winter Wheat in Irrigation at Different Soil Depths

Water ◽

10.3390/w10081033 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1033 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xianghong Guo ◽

Xihuan Sun ◽

Juanjuan Ma ◽

Tao Lei ◽

Lijian Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Soil Water ◽

Water Uptake ◽

Water Movement ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Root Water Uptake ◽

Model Verification ◽

Water Dynamics ◽

Soil Layers ◽

Soil Water Movement

Soil water content (SWC) distribution plays an important role in root water uptake (RWU) and crop yield. Reasonable deep irrigation can increase the yield of winter wheat. The soil water movement model of winter wheat was established by considering the root water uptake and the different soil depths of irrigation and using the source term of the soil water movement equation to simulate irrigation at different soil depths. For model verification, experiments on three treatments of winter wheat growth were conducted at irrigation soil depths of 0% (T1), 40% (T2), and 70% (T3) of the distribution depth of the winter wheat root system. The SWC calculated by the model is in accordance with the dynamic change trend of the measured SWC. The maximum absolute error of the model was 0.022 cm3/cm3. The maximum average relative error was 7.95%. The maximum root mean square error was 0.28 cm3/cm3. Therefore, the model has a high simulation accuracy and can be used to simulate the distribution and dynamic changes of SWC of winter wheat in irrigation at different soil depths. The experimental data showed that irrigation soil depth has a significant effect on the root distribution of winter wheat (p < 0.05), and deep irrigation can reduce the root length density (RLD) in the upper soil layers and increase the RLD in the deeper soil layers. The dynamic simulation of RWU and SWC showed that deep irrigation can increase the SWC and RWU in deep soil and decrease the SWC and RWU in upper soil. Consequently, deep irrigation can increase the transpiration of winter wheat, reduce evaporation and evapotranspiration, and increase the yield of winter wheat.

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A study of soil water movement combining soil water potential with stable isotopes at two sites of shallow groundwater areas in the North China Plain

Hydrological Processes ◽

10.1002/hyp.7267 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 23 (9) ◽

pp. 1376-1388 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Xianfang Song ◽

Shiqin Wang ◽

Guoqiang Xiao ◽

Zhimin Wang ◽

Xin Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stable Isotopes ◽

Soil Water ◽

North China Plain ◽

North China ◽

Water Movement ◽

Soil Water Potential ◽

Shallow Groundwater ◽

The North ◽

The North China Plain ◽

Soil Water Movement

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Soil water movement model for deformable soils

Journal of Water and Climate Change ◽

10.2166/wcc.2019.262 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1191-1202 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Huidong Su ◽

Yangwen Jia ◽

Yongde Gan ◽

Guangheng Ni ◽

Cunwen Niu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydraulic Conductivity ◽

Soil Water ◽

Water Movement ◽

Expansive Soils ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Soil Deformation ◽

Movement Model ◽

Richards Model ◽

Cumulative Infiltration ◽

Soil Water Movement

Abstract To simulate the soil water movement process of deformable soils, a modified Richards model considering soil deformation (RMSD) was established. In the model, new parameters were introduced, including deformable soil porosity, deformable soil saturated hydraulic conductivity and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of expansive soils, which varied with soil depth and time under the effect of soil deformation. The newly introduced parameters originated from physical properties of the soils and their calculation formulas were suggested. One-dimensional infiltration–runoff experiments were performed to evaluate the performance of the RMSD. The results showed that average relative errors (ARE) of simulated runoff intensity and cumulative infiltration (by the RMSD) ranged from −10.0% to −1.0% and from −1.0% to 11.0%, respectively, and Nash efficiency coefficients (NSE) of simulated cumulative infiltration (by the RMSD) were larger than 0.90. As the RMSD model is much better than the traditional Richards model (TRID) in fitting the observations of soil cumulative infiltration and runoff intensity, it is believed that the newly suggested model provides a suitable tool to depict the soil water movement in deformable soils.

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Modeling Soil Water Movement in Pedostructure

10.13031/2013.20766 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Rabi H. Mohtar ◽

Erik Braudeau

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Water Movement ◽

Soil Water Movement

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Analysis of Soil Water Response to Grass Transpiration

Soil and Water Research ◽

10.17221/6510-swr ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 85-98

Author(s):

Dohnal Michal ◽

Dušek Jaromír ◽

Vogel Tomáš ◽

Herza Jiří

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Water Uptake ◽

Preferential Flow ◽

Water Movement ◽

Control Volume ◽

Water Pressure ◽

Lower Boundary ◽

Root Water Uptake ◽

Water Dynamics ◽

Soil Water Dynamics

This paper focuses on numerical modelling of soil water movement in response to the root water uptake that is driven by transpiration. The flow of water in a lysimeter, installed at a grass covered hillslope site in a small headwater catchment, is analysed by means of numerical simulation. The lysimeter system provides a well defined control volume with boundary fluxes measured and soil water pressure continuously monitored. The evapotranspiration intensity is estimated by the Penman-Monteith method and compared with the measured lysimeter soil water loss and the simulated root water uptake. Variably saturated flow of water in the lysimeter is simulated using one-dimensional dual-permeability model based on the numerical solution of the Richards’ equation. The availability of water for the root water uptake is determined by the evaluation of the plant water stress function, integrated in the soil water flow model. Different lower boundary conditions are tested to compare the soil water dynamics inside and outside the lysimeter. Special attention is paid to the possible influence of the preferential flow effects on the lysimeter soil water balance. The adopted modelling approach provides a useful and flexible framework for numerical analysis of soil water dynamics in response to the plant transpiration.

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