scholarly journals Microwave Irradiation in Technologies of Wastewater and Wastewater Sludge Treatment: A Review

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1784
Author(s):  
Elena Vialkova ◽  
Marina Obukhova ◽  
Larisa Belova
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Treatment Change ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Human Economic Activity

Every year, the human impact on the world’s water sources becomes more pronounced. One of the triggers to this increase is the use of ineffective wastewater and sludge treatment systems. Recently, the number of studies of microwave processing in handling liquid municipal and industrial waste has increased. This paper discusses heat treatment, change in properties, decomposition of substances, removal of metals, demulsification, pyrolysis, biogas processing, disinfection, and other topics. The findings of European, Chinese, Russian, and other authors are summarised and presented in this review. In addition, the most notable Russian patents for microwave installations/devices and reactors suitable for a wide variety of applications are discussed. In this article, the authors look at microwave wastewater and sludge treatment from the perspective of practical application in various fields of human economic activity.

Effectiveness of Wastewater Sludge Treatment Processes to Inactivate Parasites

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 397-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Reimers ◽  
D. B. McDonell ◽  
M. D. Little ◽  
D. D. Bowman ◽  
A. J. Englande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
Thermophilic Digestion ◽  
Sludge Drying ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Trichuris Vulpis

In the United States, Ascaris spp., Trichuris trichiura, Trichuris vulpis and Toxocara spp. are the most commonly found viable parasites in both treated and untreated municipal sludges. As expected, heat treatment, thermophilic digestion (aerobic and anaerobic) and thermophilic composting were effective in parasite inactivation, and with good sludge digestion (both aerobic and anaerobic), the effectiveness of sludge lagoon storage and sludge drying beds to inactivate parasites and pathogens is greatly enhanced. At present two commercial sludge processes, Chemfixation and Ozonics treatment have shown potential to inactivate parasites.

Sustainability Of Oaken Landscapes And Dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (10) ◽  
pp. 274-278
Author(s):  
Alisher Khodjimatov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Human Economic Activity ◽  
The Stability

The article is based on the multifactorial nature of the stability and dynamics of landscapes, especially the strong influence of human economic activity on the stability and dynamics of oasis landscapes.

Structure Improvement on Dual Variable Gear Shaft of the Transmission for ZL50 Wheel Loader

2012 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Zhan Shun Yin ◽  
Yong Wei Han ◽  
Xi Chun Cai
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Dual Variable ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Hydraulic Pump ◽  
Wheel Loader ◽  
Geometric Tolerance ◽  
Structure Improvement ◽  
Cae Analysis ◽  
Market Feedback

Based on the CAE analysis. The dual variable gear shaft of the transmission for domestic ZL50 wheel loader was redesigned and the processing technology was optimized. The problem of the hardness of the spline which connects the dual variable gear shaft and the working hydraulic pump can not meet the requirements after heat treatment caused by unreasonable design was solved. The problem of the low geometric tolerance and early wear of the spline were solved. After practical application, the market feedback shows that the failure rate, service life and reliability greatly of new designed shaft were enhanced

Wastewater sludge treatment at the municipal wastewater treatment facilities with the purpose of its further utilization

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Ю.А. Егорова ◽  
В.И. Кичигин ◽  
О.И. Нестеренко ◽  
А.А. Юдин
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Technological Waste ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Water And Wastewater

Осадки городских очистных канализационных сооружений являются самым массовым технологическим отходом, создающим проблемы утилизации для любого города. Рассмотрены возможные методы обработки осадков сточных вод на городских очистных канализационных сооружениях городского округа Самара с целью их последующей утилизации. Обозначены причины и приведены документальные подтверждениянекорректности возложения ответственности за обращение с такими отходами только на организации водопроводно-канализационного хозяйства. Рассмотрен способ захоронения обезвоженного осадка сточных вод в обвалованном полигоне. Установлено, что обработанные на очистных сооружениях осадки относятся к V классу опасности для окружающей среды. Обработанные, стабилизированные, подсушенные, обезвреженные отходы осадков сточных вод (малоопасный осадок с песколовок при очистке хозяйственно-бытовых и смешанных сточных вод, практически не опасный осадок с песколовок при очистке хозяйственно-бытовых и смешанных сточных вод и избыточный ил биологических очистных сооружений в смеси с сырым осадком) могут быть использованы в качестве наполнителей бетонно-цементных смесей и органоминеральных удобрений или переданы для утилизации сторонним организациям. Sludge from the municipal wastewater treatment facilities is the most massive technological waste that causes trouble for any city. Possible methods of wastewater sludge treatment at the municipal wastewater treatment facilities of the Samara Urban District with the purpose of its further utilization are considered. The reasons are indicated and documentary evidence of the incorrectness of assigning the responsibility for processing such wastes only to the water and wastewater utilities is provided. The method of landfilling dewatered wastewater sludge in a ridged landfill is considered. It has been established that the sludge processed at the wastewater treatment facilities is referred to the V class of environmental hazard. Sludge subjected to the treatment, stabilization, drying and neutralization (low hazardous sludge from grit chambers for domestic and mixed wastewater treatment; almost non-hazardous sludge from grit chambers for domestic and mixed wastewater treatment and excess sludge from biological treatment facilities mixed with raw sludge) can be used as fillers for concrete-cement mixtures and organo-mineral fertilizers or transferred for disposal to outside companies.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the butterflies on various forms of land uses

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Szyszko-Podgórska
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Fallow Land ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Human Influence ◽  
Numerous Species ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Human Economic Activity ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Abstract The purpose of the work was to identify the occurrence of butterflies depending on landform uses and human influence on the population domination structure. The research was conducted in the ‘Krzywda’ field-and-forest Site occupying 172 ha. The area consists of the land leaving in fallow, meadows and wasteland including about 68 ha of swamps that are strongly eutrophic due to human economic activity. The area is subjected to artificial succession inhibition processes in the form of mowing and cutting of trees and shrubs. 32 species of butterflies were recorded during the research, that is, 20% of all species within this group occurring in Poland. The research has approved the great spatial and quantitative diversification of the occurring area of butterflies depending on the form of the land uses. The greatest number of species and their greatest populations were found in the land laying in fallow without the removal of the biomass. The least number of species and their specimens were collected in the unmown laying fallow land. Lycaena virgaureae was the most numerous species collected. The correct domination structure characterized by a small number of numerous species and a large number of species consisting of a low number of specimens. Processes observed in the studied Site subjected to various types of land use influence the occurrence diversity of this group of insects.

scholarly journals USING MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS FOR THE STUDY OF HUMAN IMPACT ON AGRO-FORESTRY-PASTORAL ECOSYSTEM IN THE REGION OF KHENCHELA (ALGERIA)

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B8 ◽  
pp. 779-783
Author(s):  
A. Bouzekri ◽  
H. Benmessaoud
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Linear Combination ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Weighted Linear Combination ◽  
Multi Criteria Analysis ◽  
Agro Forestry

The objective of this work is to study and analyze the human impact on agro-forestry-pastoral ecosystem of Khenchela region through the application of multi-criteria analysis methods to integrate geographic information systems, our methodology is based on a weighted linear combination of information on four criteria chosen in our analysis representative in the vicinity of variables in relation to roads, urban areas, water resources and agricultural space, the results shows the effect of urbanization and socio-economic activity on the degradation of the physical environment and found that 32% of the total area are very sensitive to human impact.

Advances in Mechanical Dewatering of Wastewater Sludge Treatment

2012 ◽  
pp. 253-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akrama Mahmoud ◽  
Jérémy Olivier ◽  
Jean Vaxelaire ◽  
Andrew F. A. Hoadley
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Sludge Treatment

Destruction of Faecal Bacteria, Enteroviruses and OVA of Parasites in Wastewater Sludge by Aerobic Thermophilic and Anaerobic Mesophilic Digestion

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Carrington ◽  
E. B. Pike ◽  
D. Auty ◽  
R. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Mesophilic Digestion ◽  
Faecal Bacteria ◽  
Faecal Streptococci

A new sludge treatment plant at Harrogate South Sewage Treatment Works is designed to handle up to 4 tonnes (dry solids) daily. Sludge is thickened continuously up to 8% (ds) and is then treated in parallel anaerobic mesophilic (AD) and thermophilic aerobic digestion (TAD) plants each with a maximum working volume of 530m3. Microbiological studies were carried out to compare the destruction of pathogens and faecal indicator bacteria. The AD plant operated with a mean retention of 26 days at 34 °C and achieved 49% reduction of volatile solids. The TAD plant operated with a mean retention of 28 days at 55 °C and reduced volatile solids by 35%. Operation was on a pump in-pump out cycle, guaranteeing 4h retention for all sludge. The disinfecting ability of TAD exceeded that of AD since it reduced counts of Enterobacteriaceae, thermotolerant coliforms and faecal streptococci to below 103/100ml, rendered cytopathic enteroviruses undetectable and destroyed viability of Ascaris suum ova within 4h. The AD process reduced bacterial counts by 90% and enteroviruses by 99%, but has no effect upon viability of Ascaris ova.

Sustainable Utilization of Sewage Sludge: Review of Technologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnese Stunda-Zujeva ◽  
Imants Kreicbergs ◽  
Olita Medne
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Sustainable Utilization ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Industrial Sludge ◽  
New Methods

Biological treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater becomes more common in EU countries. As a result, the amount of wastewater sludge increases. The political and economic situation in world is requiring new methods for recovery of non-renewable mineral resources. Sludge is great secondary source of many elements. The aim of this research is to summarize available techniques for sustainable utilization of industrial sludge and recovery of critical raw minerals (CRMs). The most common sustainable method is using treated sludge as fertilizer in agriculture due to high content of P, N, C and microelements. However, this method has many restrictions, e.g. it can contain toxic substances or lack of appropriate land. Thermal sludge treatment methods like pyrolysis have developed crucially in last decade and pyrolysis units for sludge treatment are commercially available now. Pyrolysis becomes the most sustainable method due to recovery of CRMs and better energy recovery comparing to incineration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document