scholarly journals Trigno River Mouth Evolution via Littoral Drift Rose

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 2995
Author(s):  
Margherita Carmen Ciccaglione ◽  
Mariano Buccino ◽  
Gianluigi Di Paola ◽  
Sara Tuozzo ◽  
Mario Calabrese
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Power ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Littoral Drift ◽  
Shoreline Evolution ◽  
Equivalent Wave ◽  
Time Invariant ◽  
Coast Region

A mid-term analysis of shoreline evolution was carried out in the present paper for the Trigno river mouth area (5.2 km), located in the northern part of the Molise coast region (southeast Italy). The littoral drift rose (LDR) concept was employed, coupled to the GENESIS one-line model, to produce numerical simulations. The LDR graph was used to define a single, time-invariant, “equivalent wave” component (EW), which was supposed to entirely rule the shoreline changes. Given the inherent bimodality affecting the Molise wave climate, EW could result not significant in forecasting shoreline evolution, since both a climate inversion and a time-varying diffusion extra effect are expected. These aspects, never investigated in the literature, are deepened in the present paper, with the main aims of firstly assessing the explanatory power of the LDR equivalent wave and its significance within a bimodal climate, and secondly checking the role of a time-varying diffusivity. Results confirmed the reliability of the EW concept, even within a bimodal climate. Moreover, the possible effect of a time-varying diffusion, which is expected with a large directional variability, produced insignificant results with respect to the EW.

scholarly journals A Medium-Term Study of Molise Coast Evolution Based on the One-Line Equation and “Equivalent Wave” Concept

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2831
Author(s):  
Mariano Buccino ◽  
Gianluigi Di Paola ◽  
Margherita C. Ciccaglione ◽  
Giuseppe Del Giudice ◽  
Carmen M. Rosskopf
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Shoreline Evolution ◽  
Beach Dynamics ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Equivalent Wave ◽  
Climate Forcings ◽  
The One ◽  
Molise Region

The Molise region (southern Italy) fronts the Adriatic Sea for nearly 36 km and has been suffering from erosion since the mid-20th century. In this article, an in-depth analysis has been conducted in the time-frame 2004–2016, with the purpose of discussing the most recent shoreline evolution trends and individuating the climate forcings that best correlate with them. The results of the study show that an intense erosion process took place between 2011 and 2016, both at the northern and southern parts of the coast. This shoreline retreat is at a large extent a downdrift effect of hard protection systems. Both the direct observation of the coast and numerical simulations, performed with the software GENESIS, indicate that the shoreline response is significantly influenced by wave attacks from approximately 10° N; however, the bimodality that characterizes the Molise coast wave climate may have played an important role in the beach dynamics, especially where structural systems alternate to unprotected shore segments.

scholarly journals ENHANCED SHORELINE MODELLING USING DATA ASSIMILATION TO INCLUDE NON-STATIONARITY IN WAVE CLIMATES

2020 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Raimundo Ibaceta ◽  
Kristen Splinter ◽  
Mitchell Harley ◽  
Ian Turner
Keyword(s):  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Free Parameters ◽  
Time Invariant

Coastal zone planning requires tools to predict shoreline response to changes in waves, water levels and sediment supply at time scales ranging from daily to decades. Despite the complexity of the underlying processes driving coastal change, the emergence of a range of semi-empirical models is proving to be increasingly successful at predicting shoreline response at seasonal to interannual timescales (e.g. Davidson et al., 2013). Recent improvements include the addition of processes such as longshore sediment transport and shoreline recession by SLR (e.g. Vitousek et al., 2017). But notably, in all these model formulations to-date, free-parameters are assumed to be time-invariant, relying on calibration over relatively short periods to measured shorelines and wave climate. Adopting a time-invariant set of model free-parameters ignores the bias introduced by the training dataset and any likely future changes in beach state and forcing conditions. The alternative approach presented here allows for time-varying model parameters, with the potential to improve model predictability due to non-stationarity in the underlying forcing. This work makes significant advances on previous shoreline modelling efforts by considering model parameters as potential time-varying quantities, as is common in the field of hydrology (e.g. Pathiraja et al., 2016). This is achieved by adopting a suitable data assimilation technique (Dual State-Parameter Ensemble Kalman Filter, EnKF) within the established shoreline evolution model, ShoreFor (Splinter et al., 2014). The method is first tested and evaluated using synthetic scenarios, specifically designed to emulate a broad range of natural sandy shoreline behavior.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/doAvC89vs4s

Biomarkers as Inputs

2015 ◽  
pp. 336-365
Author(s):  
Steven Lehrer
Keyword(s):  
Invariant Measures ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Socioeconomic Outcomes ◽  
Biological Time ◽  
Time Invariant ◽  
Specific Health

This chapter provides an overview of research primarily within the discipline of economics that empirically examines how biomarkers influences specific health and socioeconomic outcomes. Since the role that biomarkers are hypothesized to play in the estimating equation differs across studies, a distinction is first made between two separate categories of biomarkers: biological time-varying measures such as hormones and biological time-invariant measures including DNA. Recent research in these two categories is then reviewed, focusing on studies that can present the most credible evidence of the role of specific biomarkers. Last, an emerging literature that focuses on the interactions between time-varying environmental conditions and time-invariant genetic factors is discussed. The chapter concludes by highlights three promising areas for future research and suggesting researchers should shift their attention away from investigating specific candidate genes to polygenic risk scores, as well as focus on genetic interactions with more aggregated rather than specific environmental influences.

Science and Dialectics in the Philosophies of Deleuze, Bachelard and DeLanda

Paragraph ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Williams
Keyword(s):  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Scientific Theories ◽  
Gaston Bachelard ◽  
Contemporary Science

This article charts differences between Gilles Deleuze's and Gaston Bachelard's philosophies of science in order to reflect on different readings of the role of science in Deleuze's philosophy, in particular in relation to Manuel DeLanda's interpretation of Deleuze's work. The questions considered are: Why do Gilles Deleuze and Gaston Bachelard develop radically different philosophical dialectics in relation to science? What is the significance of this difference for current approaches to Deleuze and science, most notably as developed by Manuel DeLanda? It is argued that, despite its great explanatory power, DeLanda's association of Deleuze with a particular set of contemporary scientific theories does not allow for the ontological openness and for the metaphysical sources of Deleuze's work. The argument turns on whether terms such as ‘intensity’ can be given predominantly scientific definitions or whether metaphysical definitions are more consistent with a sceptical relation of philosophy to contemporary science.

Language Ideology and Second Language Learning

2008 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 95-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa McGarry
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Ideology ◽  
Second Language Learning ◽  
Classroom Practices ◽  
Explanatory Power

AbstractThe increasing recognition of the concept language ideology and the corresponding increasing use of the term have not yet been matched by applications in the field of second language acquisition. However, applications of the concept in analysis of actual classroom practices have shown it to have considerable explanatory power. Greater consideration of language ideology in SLA is necessary not only to achieve greater understanding of the role of ideology in various areas but also to show connections between these areas that may yield important generalizations and to impel the application of the concept in areas where it has been neglected by highlighting its uneven treatment.

scholarly journals Collective or Individual? What Types of Tourism Reduce Economic Inequality in Peripheral Regions?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4898
Author(s):  
Andrzej Tucki ◽  
Korneliusz Pylak
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Region ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Tourism Impacts ◽  
Economic Distress ◽  
Regional Inequalities ◽  
Local Agriculture ◽  
Northeastern Poland ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

Regional inequalities are a major concern for governments and policymakers. There is no doubt that tourism impacts the reduction of inequalities, but this impact is not entirely clear. We consider this ambiguity to be related to both the level of study and type of accommodation. In the present study, we examine the inequality level measured by the Gini coefficient in 108 municipalities of the peripheral region of northeastern Poland from 2009 to 2018. We employ a directional spillover index to measure the impact of two accommodation types on tax incomes per capita. The empirical results indicate that collective accommodation-based tourism only reduced inequality during the financial crisis, while individual accommodation-based tourism started to reduce inequality from 2014, when Russian sanctions hit local agriculture and businesses. These results indicate that the role of accommodation types is time-varying and evident in measuring economic distress during and after shocks.

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