Age as a Moderator of Health Outcomes and Trust in Physicians and the Healthcare System

Disparities in health and healthcare are a major concern in the United States and worldwide. Approaches to alleviate these disparities must be multifaceted and should include initiatives that touch upon the diverse areas that influence the healthcare system. Developing a strong biomedical workforce with an awareness of the issues concerning health disparities is crucial for addressing this issue. Establishing undergraduate health disparities courses that are accessible to undergraduate students in the life sciences is necessary to increase students’ understanding and awareness of these issues and motivate them to address these disparities during their careers. The majority of universities do not include courses related to health disparities in their curricula, and only a few universities manage them from their life sciences departments. The figures are especially low for minority-serving institutions, which serve students from communities disproportionally affected by health disparities. Universities should consider several possible approaches to infuse their undergraduate curricula with health disparities courses or activities. Eliminating health disparities will require efforts from diverse stakeholders. Undergraduate institutions can play an important role in developing an aware biomedical workforce and helping to close the gap in health outcomes.

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Linking patients' trust in physicians to health outcomes

British Journal of Hospital Medicine ◽

10.12968/hmed.2008.69.1.28040 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 42-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Ying-Yang Lee ◽

Julia L Lin

Keyword(s):

Health Outcomes ◽

Trust In Physicians

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Trust in the Healthcare System and Physicians in Croatia: A Survey of the General Population

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph19020993 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 993

Author(s):

Krunoslav Nikodem ◽

Marko Ćurković ◽

Ana Borovečki

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Healthcare System ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Personal Choice ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Level ◽

Trust In Physicians ◽

Seriously Ill ◽

Very High

Trust in healthcare systems and physicians is considered important for the delivery of good healthcare. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a random three-stage sample of the general population of Croatia (N = 1230), stratified by regions. Of respondents, 58.7% displayed a high or very high level of trust in the healthcare system, 65.6% in physicians, and 78.3% in their family physician. Respondents’ views regarding patients’ roles in the discussion of treatment options, confidence in physicians’ expertise, and underlying motives of physicians were mixed. Respondents with a lower level of education, those with low monthly incomes, and those from smaller settlements had lower levels of trust in physicians and the healthcare system. Trust in other institutions, religiosity and religious beliefs, tolerance of personal choice, and experience of caring for the seriously ill and dying were predictors of trust in healthcare and physicians. Our findings suggest that levels of healthcare-related trust in Croatia are increasing in comparison with previous research, but need improvement. Levels of trust are lowest in populations that are most vulnerable and most in need of care and protection.

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Corruption and Covid-19’s Lethality: “So What?”

International Journal of Advances in Management and Economics ◽

10.31270/ijame/v09/i03/2020/4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 28-38

Author(s):

Arthur do Nascimento Ferreira Barros ◽

◽

Lucas Libini Ramos dos Santos ◽

Raul Antonio de Lemos Bernardo ◽

Louise de Oliveira Xavier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Healthcare System ◽

Elderly Population ◽

The Elderly ◽

Healthcare Systems ◽

Quantitative Approach ◽

Pearson’S Correlation ◽

Pearson's Correlation

We aim to verify if there is an association between the level of corruption and the lethality on countries due to COVID-19 pandemic. Previous studies provide evidence that corruption can harm health outcomes, especially in developing and under-developing countries where resources are already scarce. We apply a strictly quantitative approach using dispersion graphics analysis and Pearson’s correlation on 171 countries. On countries from America, Africa, Asia and Oceania we observed that as more corrupt the country, higher its lethality, although in Europe this association is inverted. We attribute this last result to the continent possess the elderly population among other continents, the fact that countries loosened to earlier measures of physical distancing and cases of corruption were reported in some countries with a low perception of corruption. Therefore, corruption remains an issue that needs more understanding so we can decrease its effects on health outcomes and save lives, particularly in countries with weak healthcare systems. Besides, the next pandemic is coming and we need to be prepared. Keywords: Corruption, Healthcare system, Health outcomes, COVID-19, Lethality.

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Populations, values, and health

Healthcare Public Health ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198837206.003.0005 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 46-55

Author(s):

A.M. Viens

Keyword(s):

Health Outcomes ◽

Healthcare System ◽

Healthcare Access ◽

Population Level ◽

Individual Preferences ◽

Social Coordination ◽

A Value ◽

Healthcare It ◽

Ethical Presuppositions ◽

Conflicting Goals

This chapter explores some of the philosophical and ethical presuppositions of population healthcare; it investigates the implications for how we should understand the jurisdiction, aims, and evaluation of population healthcare. The jurisdiction of population healthcare is primarily within the healthcare system but necessarily extends beyond the walls of clinics and hospitals, given the need for social coordination to bring about healthcare access at the population level. The dual aims of population healthcare in maximizing population benefits of healthcare and reducing health inequalities are clearly moral in nature, but they can give rise to conflicting goals that the ethics of population healthcare should seek to resolve. While population healthcare’s aim is to advance a value-based approach to healthcare, which seeks to promote what is called technical, allocative, and personalized value, there are a number of questions that remain unanswered: in particular, the justification and evaluation of personalized value, and why the satisfaction of individual preferences in relation to health outcomes should be a population-level concern alongside promoting health and health equity.

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Adherence to Medication in Older Adults as a Way to Improve Health Outcomes and Reduce Healthcare System Spending

Gerontology ◽

10.5772/intechopen.72070 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Luís Midão ◽

Anna Giardini ◽

Enrica Menditto ◽

Przemyslaw Kardas ◽

Elísio Costa

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Healthcare System ◽

Adherence To Medication ◽

Improve Health

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Organizational Fragmentation and Care Quality in the U.S. Healthcare System

The Journal of Economic Perspectives ◽

10.1257/jep.22.4.93 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 93-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Randall D Cebul ◽

James B Rebitzer ◽

Lowell J Taylor ◽

Mark E Votruba

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Healthcare System ◽

Organizational Structures ◽

Care Quality ◽

Information Flows ◽

Delivery Of Care ◽

Goods And Services ◽

The U.S ◽

Over Time

Many goods and services can be readily provided through a series of unconnected transactions, but in health care, close coordination over time and within care episodes improves both health outcomes and efficiency. Close coordination is problematic in the U.S. healthcare system because the financing and delivery of care is distributed across a variety of distinct and often competing entities, each with its own objectives, obligations, and capabilities. These fragmented organizational structures lead to disrupted relationships, poor information flows, and misaligned incentives that combine to degrade care quality and increase costs. We illustrate our argument with examples taken from the insurance and hospital industries, and discuss possible responses to the problems resulting from organizational fragmentation.

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