The level of carbonylation of plasma proteins and peripheral blood leukocytes in patients with different duration of Alzheimer’s disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 235-243
Author(s):  
Petrov Dmitriy Sergeevich Petrov Dmitriy Sergeevich ◽  
Mariya Germanovna Engalycheva ◽  
Natalya Vasilievna Korotkova ◽  
Ulugbek Usmanovich Ochilov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Oxidative Modification Of Proteins

The course of Alzheimer’s disease is associated with an increase in oxidative stress associated with an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species against the background of neurodegenerative inflammation, and a simultaneous depletion of the antioxidant defense capabilities of brain cells. The result is the oxidative modification of macromolecules: proteins, lipids, nucleic acids. Protein carbonylation products accumulate not only in neurons, and in direct correlation with the degree of increase in amyloidosis and neurodegeneration, but also in extra-neuronal tissues, including leukocytes. In the course of this study, the levels of spontaneous and induced oxidative modification of proteins were determined in the blood plasma and fractionated leukocytes of peripheral blood of patients with different durations of Alzheimer’s disease, and the value of the reserve-adaptive potential was assessed as markers of the severity of oxidative stress. It has been established that the course of Alzheimer’s disease has a greater effect on the accumulation of carbonyl derivatives in blood plasma. In patients with a disease duration of 5–10 years, the total level of aldehyde and ketone derivatives of modified plasma proteins exceeds the same indicator in subgroups with a shorter duration of the disease. This tendency is less typical for mononuclear leukocytes. The level of induced oxidative modification of proteins increases to a greater extent in blood plasma than in fractionated leukocytes. This indicates the depletion of the reserve-adaptive potential of plasma antioxidant capabilities, which is more pronounced in patients with a long course of Alzheimer’s disease. For polymorphonuclear leukocytes, such a pattern was not revealed, which is probably associated with a short cell life. In mononuclear leukocytes, as well as in plasma, there is a tendency to depletion of the reserve-adaptive potential, but to a lesser extent.

Assessment of the severity of endogenous intoxication in Alzheimer's disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
Maria G. Engalycheva ◽  
◽  
Maria A. Fomina ◽  
Dmitry S. Petrov ◽  
Daria I. Miroshnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Endogenous Intoxication ◽  
Radical Processes

The development of neurodegenerative pathologies, among which the leading positions worldwide belong to Alzheimer's disease, is accompanied by the activation of free radical processes in the tissues of the brain and in the patient's body as a whole, which leads to the accumulation of products of oxidative modification of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and the formation of a syndrome of endogenous intoxication. An integral indicator reflecting the severity of this syndrome is the level of substances of low and medium molecular weight in various biological media. It is known that changes at the molecular level in Alzheimer's disease occur 5-10 years before the clinical manifestation of pathology. The development of polymodal panels for biochemical screening, diagnostics, monitoring of the course of pathology is underway. The aim of this study was to determine the severity of endogenous intoxication in patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. The object of the study was the blood plasma of patients, as well as fractionated leukocytes - mononuclear and polymorphonuclear. The choice of biological material for the study is dictated by the need to search for a prognostic marker of the disease available for diagnosis, as well as by the accumulated theoretical material on various metabolic changes in peripheral blood cells in neurodegenerative diseases. According to the results of the study, it was found that in patients with Alzheimer's disease in mononuclear leukocytes of peripheral blood, the level of substances of low and medium molecular weight is higher than in patients with vascular dementia and patients without signs of neurodegeneration. In addition, in this fraction of leukocytes, the concentration of hypoxanthine, inosine, xanthosine and their derivatives is high, which may be a consequence of the oxidative modification of nucleic acids in the cells under study.

Oxidative modification of proteins in the frontal cortex of Alzheimer's disease brain

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna A. Korolainen ◽  
Gundars Goldsteins ◽  
Tuula A. Nyman ◽  
Irina Alafuzoff ◽  
Jari Koistinaho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Oxidative Modification Of Proteins

THE CONTENT OF SH-GROUPS IN PLASMA OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD OF SHEEP EXPOSED TO CHRONIC INTAKE OF LEAD FROM DIET

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
E. B. Mirzoev ◽  
◽  
V. O. Kobyalko ◽  
O. A. Gubina ◽  
N. A. Frolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxidative Modification Of Proteins ◽  
Sh Groups ◽  
Peripheral Blood Plasma

We studied the content of the SH-groups in plasma of peripheral blood of sheep, which during 90 days received the nitrate of lead in the diet at concentrations of 5 (1 MRL), 25 (5 MRL) and 150 mg/kg of feed (30 MRL). It is shown that chronic intake of lead in the organism of the sheep leads to a decrease in content of SH-groups in peripheral blood plasma. The most pronounced changes were noted when the concentration of lead in the diet was 25 mg/kg (5 MRL) and 150 mg/kg feed (30 MRL). It is supposed that with increasing of concentration of lead in the organs and tissues of mammals are initiated the processes of formation of reactive oxygen species that lead to oxidative modification of proteins and lipids.

scholarly journals Development of secondary mitochondrial dysfunction of mononuclear blood leukocytes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic bronchitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-747
Author(s):  
E S Bel’skikh ◽  
O M Uryas’ev ◽  
V I Zvyagina ◽  
S V Faletrova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oxidative Modification Of Proteins

Aim. To study the indicators of energy metabolism and oxidative stress in mononuclear leukocytes of peripheral blood and to assess the possibility of mitochondrial dysfunction development in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic bronchitis. Methods. The study included 50 patients aged 40 to 75 years with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or chronic bronchitis. The first group included 13 patients with chronic bronchitis. In accordance with the GOLD spirometric classification, the second and third groups included patients with COPD of moderate severity (COPD 2) (n=17) and severe COPD (COPD 3) (n=20) respectively. In the isolated mononuclear leukocytes, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and concentration of succinate were determined, a complex evaluation of oxidative modification of proteins was performed. Results. Patients with chronic bronchitis compared to patients with COPD 2 and COPD 3 were found to have in mononuclear leukocytes higher activity of SOD by 3.38 times (p=0.0025) and 3.15 times (p=0.0058), higher activity of SDH by 4.55 times (p=0.0281) and 2.5 times (p=0.0263) and higher succinate concentration by 2.05 (p=0.0133) and 1.89 (p=0.005) times respectively. The level of spontaneously oxidized modified proteins in the group of patients with chronic bronchitis decreased by 2.45 (p=0.0176) and 2.94 (p=0.0168) times compared to the patients of groups 2 and 3, respectively There was a decrease in the reserve-adaptive potential of oxidative modification of proteins in COPD in the form of an increase of the ratio of spontaneously oxidized-modified proteins to metal-induced oxidized proteins by 1.58 times (p=0.0301) between groups 1 and 2, and by 1.44 times between groups 2 and 3 (p=0.0446). Conclusion. In mononuclear leukocytes of COPD patients, secondary mitochondrial dysfunction is observed accompanied by significant oxidative damage of lymphocytes and monocytes. Patients with severe COPD compared to patients with COPD of moderate severity have less reserve-adaptive potential for the oxidative modification of mononuclear leukocyte proteins, which probably reflects a more severe course of the disease.

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