Working conditions and occupational diseases of women in the Republic of Bashkortostan

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Elvira Timeryanovna Valeeva ◽  
Elmira Radikovna Shaikhlislamova ◽  
Akhat Barievich Bakirov ◽  
Makhmuza Kalimovna Gainullina ◽  
Venera Talgatovna Akhmetshina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Biological Factor ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic

The main factors of the working environment that harm a woman’s health in the course of work are considered to be physical exertion and functional overstrain, noise, chemical and biological factors, and microclimate. The most unfavorable sectors of the economy in the Republic of Bashkortostan are manufacturing, construction and the agricultural sector, where the largest number of jobs are registered that do not meet the hygienic standards for the above-mentioned production factors, which undoubtedly serves as the main cause of the development of occupational diseases among women. Material and methods.According to the medical records of the inpatient patient, the acts on the case of occupational disease and the registration form No. 30, the etiological causes and the structure of occupational morbidity by industry sectors of the Republic of Bashkortostan among women for 2016–2020 were studied. Results. Among the subjects of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Bashkortostan for the analyzed fiveyear period ranked 25–27th in terms of employment of women in jobs with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions, and among the 14 regions of the Volga Federal District — 3–5 places. If in the period 2016–2019 among all the primary established occupational diseases from 32.4 to 43.0 % were women, then by 2020 more than half of all occupational diseases (54.7 %) were detected among women. Of the 114 cases of occupational diseases identified to 85 female workers, a third of them worked in health care (32.9 %), a slightly smaller part (30.6 %) — in mechanical engineering (manufacturing) and a fifth — in the agro-industrial complex (21.1 %). The leading place in the structure of occupational pathology of women was occupied by diseases associated with high physical overload and overstrain of individual organs and systems (54.2 %). The reason for the change in the structure of occupational diseases in the region in 2020 there was a new coronavirus infection-Covid-19 in medical workers, which brought diseases from the influence of a biological factor to the second position. Conclusion. The state of working conditions and occupational morbidity among women workers indicates the lack of an effective mechanism for protecting women’s labor and the need to develop effective legislative documents for the protection of their labor and health.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF FORMATION OF REGIONAL INNOVATIVE INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 941-946
Author(s):  
V.Ya. Akhmetov ◽  
R.N. Galikeev
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

According to the results of 2020, in the rating of the subjects of the Russian Federation for the production of gross agricultural output, the Republic of Bashkortostan came in 6th place and 2nd in the Volga Federal District. The long-term leadership of the republic in terms of the development of the agro-industrial complex is largely explained by the presence of large areas of agricultural land (more than 7.2 million hectares), sufficient labor resources and relatively favorable soil and climatic conditions for the development of many branches of agriculture. However, in the XXI century, without the introduction of agro-innovations and the development of high-tech agriculture, processing industry, an effective system for the sale of manufactured products, it is becoming increasingly problematic to ensure the long-term competitiveness of the agro-industrial complex of the region both at the All-Russian and global levels. Current trends in the development of agribusiness in the world and in our country clearly show the priority of using the latest achievements of scientific and technological progress and significant investments in new agricultural technologies at the regional level in order to ensure high quality products and compete with domestic and foreign companies. Within the framework of this study, the need to improve the interaction of agribusiness with the scientific and educational sphere and the formation of the regional innovation infrastructure of the agro-industrial complex in the Republic of Bashkortostan with the coordinating role of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan is actualized. The authors conducted a comprehensive analysis of the key problems in the creation of a regional agro-industrial scientific and production cluster in the Republic of Bashkortostan and outlined priorities in its development.

Results of special assessment of working conditions for workers in various sectors of economy of the Republic of Bashkortostan

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Elena Abrakhmanova ◽  
Lyaylya Masyagutova ◽  
Aynur Gabbasov ◽  
Akhat Bakirov ◽  
Galina Gimranova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Physical Factor ◽  
Biological Factor ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Special Assessment ◽  
The Impact

The work presents data analysis of the results of special assessment of working conditions for workers of various branches of economy in the Bashkortostan Republic. Results of special assessment of working conditions (SAWC) and medical examinations were used for the analysis. It is noted, that some professional groups, for example, persons performing their work in the sphere of agriculture, have no exposure to the biological factor. Construction workers were not exposed to industrial vibration, while the noise level for half of the analyzed cases was of class 2.0, although in most cases, industrial noise and vibration have single source. Proportion of facilities that revealed a discrepancy between levels of harmful industrial factors and requirements of sanitary legislation remains high. The greatest share of objects does not correspond to sanitary and epidemiological requirements according to the chemical and physical factor. At the moment, SAWC does not fully reflect the working conditions of employees in different sectors of production. Underestimation of its influence on working conditions of workers is typical for a considerable number of professional groups and individual jobs. Analysis on the basis of SAWC is not sufficient for a hygienic assessment of the impact of production environment factors and labour process on health and requires comprehensive assessment methods.

Occupational morbidity in the Republic of Bashkortostan for 2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Elvira Timeryanovna Valeeva ◽  
Elmira Radikovna Shaikhlislamova ◽  
Akhat Barievich Bakirov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Medical Examinations

In the Republic of Bashkortostan, in 2019, despite the deteriorating working conditions at workplaces in almost all industries, extremely low rates of occupational morbidity were observed. At the same time, almost every third employee of the surveyed types of economic activity is engaged in work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions. In total, 46 cases of occupational diseases were found in the Republic in 2019. The occupational morbidity rate was 0.42 per 10,000 employees (2018 — 0.32), which is significantly lower than in the Russian Federation (1.03 per 10,000 employees). The highest levels of occupational morbidity are registered in mining, manufacturing, healthcare, and agriculture. The structure of nosological forms of occupational diseases was dominated by diseases associated with physical overload and overstrain of individual organs and systems: sciatica of the lumbosacral level, polyneuropathy of the extremities and occupational diseases from the influence of physical factors: sensorineural hearing loss and vibration disease. Against the background of the continuing deterioration of working conditions in the Republic and the low quality of periodic medical examinations, extremely low rates of registered occupational diseases are observed.

scholarly journals Support and implementation of the government program in the agricultural sector for business entities subjects on the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 05012
Author(s):  
Lyuza Bayguzina ◽  
Guzaliya Galimova ◽  
Elvira Nurdavlyatova ◽  
Larisa Ponomareva
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Business Entities

The scientific article discusses the implementation of the state program “Development of Agriculture andregulation of agricultural products, raw materials and food markets in the RepublicBashkortostan”, which aims to ensure the implementation of planned production valuescommodity production volumes of the main types of products. Effectiveness of the implementation of measuresgovernment program is largely determined by the volume of involvement in the Republic of Bashkortostanfederal funds.In this regard, the importance of the work of signing agreements betweenThe Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan onallocation of federal funds to the republic.At the present stage, global changes are taking place both in the global economy and in the regionallevel.Therefore, there is a need for innovative and cost- effectiveproduction methods.One of the directions of public policyin the agro-industrial complex is the support of innovatively active enterprises, farmersfarms that can solve the main economic problems and the country’s recovery from the crisis andensure sustainable innovative development of the economy.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF INDUSTRIAL AEROSOLS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALLERGIC RESPIRATORY DISEASES AND MEASURES TO REDUCE THEM

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 930-935
Author(s):  
Alfiya D. Volgareva ◽  
E. R. Shaikhlislamova ◽  
A. B. Bakirov ◽  
E. R. Abdrakhmanova ◽  
G. G. Gimranova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentrations ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Complex Chemical Composition ◽  
The Republic

Introduction. Industrial aerosols remain one of the main sources of development of occupational respiratory diseases of allergic etiology, leading to the early and permanent disability of qualified industrial workers. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the prevalence of occupational diseases of the respiratory tract from exposure to industrial aerosols according to statistical records and the first time established occupational diseases registration logs in the clinic for the period from 2008 to 2017 was carried out. Results. According to the analysis of occupational respiratory diseases in the Republic of Bashkortostan and the sanitary and hygienic characteristics of working conditions, the development of occupational allergic diseases of the respiratory organs was established in 54% of cases to be associated with exposure to aerosols of complex chemical composition exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations. Discussion. The working conditions of employees in a number of industries are characterized by the predominant effect of industrial aerosols of complex composition influenced the formation of occupational allergic diseases of the respiratory system. Adverse microclimatic conditions at the workplace in combination with a chemical factor are aggravating factors. The largest number of cases of occupational respiratory diseases is registered in the manufacturing sectors of the economy, mining companies, and the construction industry. Conclusion. Based on the studies conducted, measures have been developed to reduce the levels of exposure to industrial aerosols and to maintain workers’ health.

scholarly journals On occupational diseases in medical workers in the Republic of Bashkortostan

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
pp. 1250-1255
Author(s):  
Lena M. Karamova ◽  
Elvira T. Valeeva ◽  
Natalya V. Vlasova ◽  
Alsou S. Khafizova
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The work of medical workers belongs to the most complex, responsible types of human activity. It is associated with the impact of a complex of adverse factors: chemical, biological, physical, the severity and intensity of labour. Due to the high occupational risk, the problem of the formation and preservation of the health of medical workers is urgent. The aim of the work is to determine the dynamic characteristics of occupational morbidity and its structure among medical workers of the Republic of Bashkortostan for 2013-2020. Materials and methods. The occupational morbidity rate among medical workers during 2013-2020 was studied with the materials of the professional centre of the Republic: a notification on the establishment of a final diagnosis of chronic occupational disease and a consolidated annual report on the activities of central occupational pathology. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the «Statistika 8» application software package. Results. The average annual incidence of occupational morbidity is 0.92±0.12 cases per 10 thousand health workers. They occupied an average of 7.0% of all occupational diseases established over the years in the Republic. The incidence rate tends to decrease. Among occupational patients of health workers, 73.9% are nurses, 15.3% are healthcare staff, 10.8% are doctors. Allergic diseases dominate the nosological structure of occupational diseases. They make up 63.3% of the total pathology, half of which is in bronchial asthma. Discussion. In medical workers, infection occurs through direct contact with a sick patient or biological material. Allergic responses occur to the presence of drugs and disinfectants. Occupational disease tuberculosis was diagnosed at the age of 43.3±6.4 years and experience of 16.6 years; hepatitis at the age of 38.2 years and experience 15.0 years; bronchial asthma - at the age of 49.4 years and an experience of 26.4 years; allergic reactions - at the age of 47.6±6.3 years and the experience of 25.8±3.7 years. Conclusion. There were identified features in incidence and its structure among doctors and paramedical workers. The basis of the concept of prevention of occupational diseases among health workers should be a system of primary prevention measures to reduce the impact of adverse factors of the working environment and the labour process, maintaining occupational and general health.

About the reasons of low detection of occupational diseases in the Republic of Bashkortostan

2020 ◽  
pp. 578-578
Author(s):  
E. T. Valeyeva ◽  
A. B. Bakirov ◽  
E. R. Shaikhlislamova
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic

Against the background of the continuing deterioration of working conditions and poor quality of periodic medical checkups conducted in the Republic of Bashkortostan, a sharp decrease in the registered occupational morbidity from 180 cases in 2013 to 37 cases in 2018 is observed.

ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE OF OCCUPATIONAL PATHOLOGY IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
I.I. Khisamiev ◽  
◽  
N.H. Sharafutdinova ◽  
M.A. Sharafutdinov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Occupational Hazards ◽  
Chemical Factor ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic

Significance. Occupational morbidity is an important component among other indicators used in assessing health of employees. Studying dynamics in this indicator over several years makes it possible to identify specifics of prevalence of occupational diseases within certain territories. Purpose. To identify dynamics in the structure of occupational morbidity in the Republic of Bashkortostan during 2000-2019 on the basis of the medical and statistical analysis. Material and methods. The authors have analyzed 2,561 cases in the Register of occupational diseases to develop their medical and statistical profile. Results. The study found out that the Register of individuals with occupational diseases included 61.8% of males, 60.4% of urban residents with people aged 50-59 and 40-49 prevailing (52.4% and 33.4%, respectively). 3.8% of people in the Register had a 5-year exposure to occupational hazards, 10.6% - a 5 to 10-year exposure to occupational hazards, 15.3% - a 10 to 14-year exposure and about 20% of people had more years of exposure to occupational hazards. In dynamics, there was an increase in the share of males and people aged 50-59 with more than a 25-year exposure to occupational hazards. Determining causes of occupational diseases made it possible to identify that diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue accounted for one third of the occupational disease causes, diseases of the respiratory system accounted for one-fifth, injury, poisoning and consequences of other external exposure accounted for one sixth, while diseases of the nervous system and other diseases accounted for one tenth of all causes of occupational diseases. In dynamics, there was an increase in the share of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and decrease in the share of respiratory diseases. In the structure of diseases, radiculopathy prevailed (20.2%) followed by vibration disease (13.2%). Vibroacoustic factor (28.9%), chemical factor (24.1%), severity and intensity of the labor process (22.9%) are the leading factors in the structure of the working environment and labor process. In 2014-2019, there was an increase in the share of factors of the labor process (severity and intensity).

Comprehensive Assessment of Working Conditions and Occupational Disease Rates at Mining and Metallurgical Enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
A.G. Chebotarev ◽  
D.D. Sementsova
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Metallurgy ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Aluminum Production ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Aluminum Smelters

The paper presents the results of hygienic assessment of the working environment and work process factors at surface and underground ore mining operations, ferrous metallurgy plants and aluminum production facilities. It has been established that workers are affected by a complex of production factors (dust, toxic substances, noise, vibration, unfavorable micro climate, etc.), the level of which often exceeds the hygienic standards. The workplace conditions of the primary jobs at these enterprises in 60-80% of cases are classified as hazardous, i.e. Class 3 of various hazard degrees. The incidence of occupational diseases remains high, especially in underground mining and at aluminum production plants. The specific features of mining and metallurgical operations and the severity of unfavorable production factors determine the structure of occupational morbidity. Occupational respiratory diseases are most common among workers in the ferrous metallurgy industry and account for 70.3% in total. Vibration-induced pathologies are most frequently diagnosed among excavator, bulldozer and dump truck operators, and account for 52.9% of all the diagnosed occupational diseases. Hearing organ pathology in the form of neurosensory loss of hearing among workers of mining and metallurgical enterprises ranges from 10.2% (aluminum smelters) to 22.7% (ferrous metallurgy plants) in the occupational morbidity structure. Chronic intoxication with fluorine compounds at aluminum smelters was diagnosed in 68.1% of cases. The results obtained confirm the pressing need to improve the working conditions, introduce preventive measures based on the primary prevention principles, and reduce the risk factors of health problems among the workers.

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