Requirements for the classification of rheumatic diseases

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-28
Author(s):  
Elena Perminova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Local Lesions

Rheumatic diseases currently include many diseases, the basis of which is systemic or local lesions of the connective tissues, and articular syndrome is the most common clinical manifestation. There are more than 80 such pathological conditions, so it is not surprising that in many countries much attention is paid to the development of classifications. The main task of the classification is to help the specialist in improving the diagnosis, in systematizing the list of diseases related to this problem. That is, the goal is to create the basis for statistical processing, which makes it possible to objectively assess the prevalence of this pathology and its influence on the public health and its social and economic development.

Path of the Operation and Promotion of Market-Based Chinese Martial Arts

2014 ◽  
Vol 971-973 ◽  
pp. 2350-2353
Author(s):  
Ai Yun Sun ◽  
Xi Yang Ding
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Consumption Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Elite Sports

martial arts through the promotion of conditions , difficulties and countermeasures analysis of the system, that China should be based on public health and martial arts fighting two clues to promote athletics , martial arts part of the refining and development of the " elite sports " and select wide popularity part , to promote the realization of the true sense of the public , in order to improve business operations and direction of development to promote social and economic development and to meet the needs of people in sports consumption level . In other words, watching athletics , martial arts fitness and economic integration of the three organic constituted martial arts through the promotion of the premise, but also the power of martial arts to the world .

scholarly journals Laser toys fail to comply with safety standards – case study based on laser product classification

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw Mlynczak
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Laser Safety ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tests And Measurements ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
Product Classification

Abstract The article describes the laser safety classification of a laser toy for children equipped with a laser aimer/illuminator with two radiation sources. Following the rules presented in EN 60825-1: 2014 standard, the tests and measurements of the accessible emission were carried out and the class of the laser product was determined to be 3R. It was shown that the laser toy does not comply with the requirements of the EN 62115: 2020 standard and the Public Health England Guidance. The potential hazards associated with Class 3R, indicated in the EN 60825-1: 2014 standard, are also discussed.

scholarly journals Applicability of Phylogenetic Methods for Characterizing the Public Health Significance of Verocytotoxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 1671-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Ziebell ◽  
Paulina Konczy ◽  
Irene Yong ◽  
Shelley Frost ◽  
Mariola Mascarenhas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Phylogenetic Methods ◽  
Public Health Significance ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Serious Disease

ABSTRACT Two phylogenetic methods (multilocus sequence typing [MLST] and a multiplex PCR) were investigated to determine whether phylogenetic classification of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli serotypes correlates with their classification into groups (seropathotypes A to E) based on their relative incidence in human disease and on their association with outbreaks and serious complications. MLST was able to separate 96% of seropathotype D and E serotypes from those that cause serious disease (seropathotypes A to C), whereas the multiplex PCR lacked this level of seropathotype discrimination.

Better Health—But Not for All: The Swedish Public Health Report, 1987

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finn Diderichsen ◽  
Gudrun Lindberg
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Health Care Spending ◽  
Public Health Report ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Report ◽  
Social And Economic Development

This article is a summary of the Public Health Report submitted to the Swedish Parliament in 1987. Health development, especially that of underprivileged groups, is regarded as an indicator of the quality of social and economic development of the country. Sweden is a very egalitarian country, but in spite of decreasing inequalities in living standards, the Report shows increasing inequalities in health. At the same time, the state has put restraints on health care spending, and the shift in the health care budget toward more primary care has stopped. This development seriously impairs the ability of the health and medical services to cope with inequities described in this Report.

scholarly journals Formation of Internal Financial Control and Internal Financial Audit in the System of Executive Authorities

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-282
Author(s):  
Aleksey Ogorodnikov
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Financial Audit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Management Functions ◽  
Current Representation

The article provides the history of the formation and organization of financial control and audit from Ancient Greece to modern Russia. The current representation of the concepts of «internal financial control» and «internal financial audit» are determined. The formation of internal financial control and audit in the context of the importance of the management of social and economic development is considered. The article points out the validity and effectiveness of internal financial control and audit in the system of executive authorities. The author describes the interrelation between the availability of internal financial control and audit in the financial and budgetary sphere and the effectiveness of solving social and economic tasks of the public sector of the economy. The article also provides the authors opinion about the classification of responsibilities for the implementation of internal financial control of executive authorities. The article describes the methods of internal financial control and audit that are presented by author as a range of financial procedures in the field of budgetary and financial and economic planning. The internal financial control and audit as one of the most important management functions that is carried out at all levels of subordination is a system of observations and checks of the correct functioning of the public authority in the process of implementation of taken decisions. The author also gives an idea of the current methods of conducting internal financial audit in the system of executive authorities. The article also presents the authors point of view about the concept of internal financial control and internal financial audit in public authorities.

scholarly journals Public Health Students’ Reflection regarding the First Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a University, Southern Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-192
Author(s):  
Suwanbamrung C ◽  
Kaewsawat S
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Professionals ◽  
First Case ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The University

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic disease. In Thailand, public health professionals are the main stakeholder for risk management. The aim was to explore the reflections of the public health students regarding the first case of a COVID-19 patient near a university area, southern Thailand. Study design: The cross-sectional qualitative study. Methods: The study was conducted written on one page which contained four elements of the reflection concept. Students’ reflections were collected by the researcher after oral consent. The data analysis used the thematic analysis technique and included the following five steps: 1) reading and rereading to understand reflections, 2) identifying the coding, 3) setting the category of the coding in relation to meanings, 4) interpreting the theme based on their meaning and related phenomena, and 5) setting the main themes. Results: Ninety public health students that studied at a 3rd level classification of a community public health program. Almost all (77) were women (85.6%), were 20-21 years old, and had received information regarding the coronavirus outbreak from social media, family members, other students, lecturers, and other people. The 17 themes and 35 sub-themes of the reflection concept included three themes’ regarding the seven sub-themes of “What I faced”, five themes regarding the six sub-themes of “What I did”, four themes regarding the seven sub-themes of “What Happened”, and five themes regarding the 19 sub-themes of “So what or now what” elements. Conclusions: The reflections of the public health students are important for lecturers, the university, and their parents for supporting and guiding them to prevent the transmission of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Medicamentos Não Sujeitos a Receita Médica de Dispensa Exclusiva em Farmácia em Portugal: Uma Oportunidade de Acesso Sub-Aproveitada?

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Martins ◽  
Elizabete Gonçalves ◽  
Ana Marcelo ◽  
Sergio Vilão ◽  
José Aranda Silva
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
Medical Prescription ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Human Use

Introduction: In 2013 medicinal products for human use not subject to medical prescription dispensed exclusively in pharmacy, a subcategory of products not subject to medical prescription was introduced in Portugal. This category of medicinal products promotes the accessibility to treatment, ensuring safety and efficacy, with benefits to public health. This article analyzed the medicines classified as medicinal products for human use not subject to medical prescription dispensed exclusively in pharmacy or equivalent in seven European countries, United Kingdom, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Italy, Czech Republic and Portugal, and proposes a preliminary list of common international names/ medicines that possess the characteristics that justify their inclusion in Portugal, in this category.Material and Methods: For the selection, common international names /medicines approved in the considered countries were selected if, in at least one of the countries considered, they are classified as medicinal products for human use not subject to medical prescription dispensed exclusively in pharmacy or equivalent, and/ or have the classification of medicinal products subject to medical prescription in Portugal and medicinal products not subject to medical prescription in one of the considered countries.Results: The preliminary list obtained contains 271 different common international names / presentations. About 19% of the selected common international names do not have a valid marketing authorization in Portugal and the majority (42%) is classified in Portugal as medicinal products not subject to medical prescription, a lower percentage (35%) as medicinal products subject to medical prescription, and only 4% as medicinal products for human use not subject to medical prescription dispensed exclusively in pharmacy.Conclusion: Safety is one of the main aspects to be considered in the context of the reclassification of medicines regarding their supply to the public. The results obtained promote a reflection on the relevance of extending the availability of medicines with the classification of medicinal products for human use not subject to medical prescription dispensed exclusively in pharmacy in Portugal, which, due to their characteristics and indications, would benefit from an access without a medical prescription, ensuring the safety in its use.

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