scholarly journals List of vascular plants endemic to Britain, Ireland and the Channel Islands 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Rich
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Channel Islands ◽  
Sexual Species ◽  
In The Wild

A list of 804 plants endemic to Britain, Ireland and the Channel Islands is broken down by country. There are 659 taxa endemic to Britain, 20 to Ireland and three to the Channel Islands. There are 25 endemic sexual species and 26 sexual subspecies, the remainder are mostly critical apomictic taxa. Fifteen endemics (2%) are certainly or probably extinct in the wild.

scholarly journals Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Wild-Type Physcomitrella patens and an OPDA-Deficient Physcomitrella patens Mutant with Disrupted PpAOS1 and PpAOS2 Genes after Wounding

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weifeng Luo ◽  
Setsuko Komatsu ◽  
Tatsuya Abe ◽  
Hideyuki Matsuura ◽  
Kosaku Talahashi
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Wild Type Plant ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Energy Synthesis

Wounding is a serious environmental stress in plants. Oxylipins such as jasmonic acid play an important role in defense against wounding. Mechanisms to adapt to wounding have been investigated in vascular plants; however, those mechanisms in nonvascular plants remain elusive. To examine the response to wounding in Physcomitrella patens, a model moss, a proteomic analysis of wounded P. patens was conducted. Proteomic analysis showed that wounding increased the abundance of proteins related to protein synthesis, amino acid metabolism, protein folding, photosystem, glycolysis, and energy synthesis. 12-Oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) was induced by wounding and inhibited growth. Therefore, OPDA is considered a signaling molecule in this plant. Proteomic analysis of a P. patens mutant in which the PpAOS1 and PpAOS2 genes, which are involved in OPDA biosynthesis, are disrupted showed accumulation of proteins involved in protein synthesis in response to wounding in a similar way to the wild-type plant. In contrast, the fold-changes of the proteins in the wild-type plant were significantly different from those in the aos mutant. This study suggests that PpAOS gene expression enhances photosynthesis and effective energy utilization in response to wounding in P. patens.

scholarly journals Alien (invasive) vascular plants in Slovakia – a story of successful plant immigrants

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Jana Májeková ◽  
Ivan Jarolímek ◽  
Marica Zaliberová ◽  
Jana Medvecká
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Alien Plants ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Alien Flora ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
History Of

Abstract This article summarises the history of research into alien plants and plant communities in Slovakia (Central Europe). Earlier periods are reviewed briefly with reference to literature sources dealing with those periods more comprehensively. A milestone in the research was the publication of the Inventory of the alien flora of Slovakia in 2012 with a complete list of alien vascular plants. The last ten years are discussed more extensively in the article in four sections devoted to i) newly found alien plants, ii) distribution and habitat relations, iii) plant invasions, iv) citizen science based on the comprehensive excerption of literature sources. A list of 51 newly published alien taxa within the last ten years is also included with information on the year of their first occurrence in the wild in Slovakia.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic legacy yields an invasion debt

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Essl ◽  
Stefan Dullinger ◽  
Wolfgang Rabitsch ◽  
Philip E. Hulme ◽  
Karl Hülber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Invasions ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Species Introductions ◽  
Socioeconomic Drivers ◽  
Invasion Debt ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Terrestrial Insects ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Globalization and economic growth are widely recognized as important drivers of biological invasions. Consequently, there is an increasing need for governments to address the role of international trade in their strategies to prevent species introductions. However, many of the most problematic alien species are not recent arrivals but were introduced several decades ago. Hence, current patterns of alien-species richness may better reflect historical rather than contemporary human activities, a phenomenon which might be called “invasion debt.” Here, we show that across 10 taxonomic groups (vascular plants, bryophytes, fungi, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish, terrestrial insects, and aquatic invertebrates) in 28 European countries, current numbers of alien species established in the wild are indeed more closely related to indicators of socioeconomic activity from the year 1900 than to those from 2000, although the majority of species introductions occurred during the second half of the 20th century. The strength of the historical signal varies among taxonomic groups, with those possessing good capabilities for dispersal (birds, insects) more strongly associated with recent socioeconomic drivers. Nevertheless, our results suggest a considerable historical legacy for the majority of the taxa analyzed. The consequences of the current high levels of socioeconomic activity on the extent of biological invasions will thus probably not be completely realized until several decades into the future.

New Atlas of the British & Irish Flora: An Atlas of the Vascular Plants of Britain, Ireland, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands

Taxon ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 884
Author(s):  
Rudolf Schmid ◽  
C. (Chris) D. Preston ◽  
D. (David) A. Pearman ◽  
T. (Trevor) D. Dines ◽  
H. R. Arnold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Channel Islands ◽  
Isle Of Man

scholarly journals Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Wild-Type Physcomitrella Patens and an OPDA-Deficient Physcomitrella Patens Mutant with Disrupted PpAOS1 and PpAOS2 Genes after Wounding

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1417
Author(s):  
Weifeng Luo ◽  
Setsuko Komatsu ◽  
Tatsuya Abe ◽  
Hideyuki Matsuura ◽  
Kosaku Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Wild Type Plant ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Energy Synthesis

Wounding is a serious environmental stress in plants. Oxylipins such as jasmonic acid play an important role in defense against wounding. Mechanisms to adapt to wounding have been investigated in vascular plants; however, those mechanisms in nonvascular plants remain elusive. To examine the response to wounding in Physcomitrella patens, a model moss, a proteomic analysis of wounded P. patens was conducted. Proteomic analysis showed that wounding increased the abundance of proteins related to protein synthesis, amino acid metabolism, protein folding, photosystem, glycolysis, and energy synthesis. 12-Oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) was induced by wounding and inhibited growth. Therefore, OPDA is considered a signaling molecule in this plant. Proteomic analysis of a P. patens mutant in which the PpAOS1 and PpAOS2 genes, which are involved in OPDA biosynthesis, are disrupted showed accumulation of proteins involved in protein synthesis in response to wounding in a similar way to the wild-type plant. In contrast, the fold-changes of the proteins in the wild-type plant were significantly different from those in the aos mutant. This study suggests that PpAOS gene expression enhances photosynthesis and effective energy utilization in response to wounding in P. patens.

scholarly journals Status of biodiversity in wetlands of Biswanath District of Assam, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
RANJIT KAKATI ◽  
ABHISHEK BHUYAN ◽  
Dipankar Borah
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Wetland Biodiversity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Wetland Habitats ◽  
Near Threatened

Abstract. Kakati R, Das N, Bhuyan A, Borah D. 2021. Status of biodiversity in wetlands of Biswanath District of Assam, India. Biodiversitas 22: 453-472. Reports on biodiversity of a region are the firsthand data to understand the assemblage, importance, and to follow conservation inputs. The present study was aimed to document and analyze the wetland biodiversity of Biswanath District of Assam, India. Data was collected from 27 wetland habitats from 2015-2019. A total of 235 taxa were recorded, of which 79 taxa (77 species, one variety, and one subspecies) were vascular plants, 83 water birds, 47 fishes, 7 amphibians, 18 reptiles, and 2 mammals. None of the plants and amphibians fall under any of the threatened categories as per IUCN Red List 2020. However, among the bird species, 2 species are assessed as endangered, 4 species as vulnerable, and 10 species as near threatened. Among the fishes, 2 are vulnerable and 3 near threatened. Among the reptiles one is extinct in the wild (EW), 3 endangered and 3 are vulnerable. Along with the checklist of the present biodiversity, past and present population trends, as well as earlier records from Assam of the threatened species, is provided. The results of this study can be used by stakeholders for species identification and as the baseline taxonomic account for future studies on the conservation of these wetland species in a global context.

A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Pro-Vascular Cellular Morphology in Chaetophora Incressata

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
A. E. Hotchkiss ◽  
A. T. Hotchkiss ◽  
R. P. Apkarian
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Scanning Electron

Multicellular green algae may be an ancestral form of the vascular plants. These algae exhibit cell wall structure, chlorophyll pigmentation, and physiological processes similar to those of higher plants. The presence of a vascular system which provides water, minerals, and nutrients to remote tissues in higher plants was believed unnecessary for the algae. Among the green algae, the Chaetophorales are complex highly branched forms that might require some means of nutrient transport. The Chaetophorales do possess apical meristematic groups of cells that have growth orientations suggestive of stem and root positions. Branches of Chaetophora incressata were examined by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) for ultrastructural evidence of pro-vascular transport.

Freeze-substituted fungal cells of Nectria haematococca: A comparison of the macroconidial walls of the adhesion-competent wild type with an adhesion-reduced mutant

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 688-689
Author(s):  
Thecan Caesar-Ton That ◽  
Lynn Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Nectria Haematococca ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Dialysis Tubing ◽  
Tube Emergence ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Freeze Damage

Nectria haematococca mating population I (anamorph, Fusarium solani) macroconidia attach to its host (squash) and non-host surfaces prior to germ tube emergence. The macroconidia become adhesive after a brief period of protein synthesis. Recently, Hickman et al. (1989) isolated N. haematococca adhesion-reduced mutants. Using freeze substitution, we compared the development of the macroconidial wall in the wild type in comparison to one of the mutants, LEI.Macroconidia were harvested at 1C, washed by centrifugation, resuspended in a dilute zucchini fruit extract and incubated from 0 - 5 h. During the incubation period, wild type macroconidia attached to uncoated dialysis tubing. Mutant macroconidia did not attach and were collected on poly-L-lysine coated dialysis tubing just prior to freezing. Conidia on the tubing were frozen in liquid propane at 191 - 193C, substituted in acetone with 2% OsO4 and 0.05% uranyl acetate, washed with acetone, and flat-embedded in Epon-Araldite. Using phase contrast microscopy at 1000X, cells without freeze damage were selected, remounted, sectioned and post-stained sequentially with 1% Ba(MnO4)2 2% uranyl acetate and Reynold’s lead citrate. At least 30 cells/treatment were examined.

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