The Effect of the Cytoprotector Rebamipid on the Activity of Disaccharidases in Patients with Enteropathy with Impaired Membrane Digestion

ENMP (enteropathy with impaired membrane digestion) is a new nosological form of pathology of the small intestine, which is based on a decrease in the activity of small intestine carbohydraz. The clinical picture of ENMA is very similar to irritable bowel syndrome, but it differs in the etiotropic relationship of symptoms with intolerance to products containing a lot of fermentable oligo -, di- and monosaccharides and polyols. The basis of the treatment of this pathology is the FODMAP diet, but this therapy only allows you to reduce the load on the enzymatic transport complexes, and not restore them. A new direction in the treatment of patients with EMF is our proposed system for restoring the activity of enzymes of the small intestine mucosa under the influence of the cytoprotector rebamipid. The use of rebamipid in the complex therapy of INMP contributes to an increase in the activity of small intestine carbohydraz and a decrease in symptoms associated with intolerance to short-chain carbohydrates FODMAP. The persistent positive effect of the drug is observed gradually over 8 weeks in patients who received the drug at a dose of 300 mg/day. With this treatment regimen, patients have an improvement in the tolerability of carbohydrate-containing foods, a decrease in flatulence, pain syndrome, and a tendency to normalize the stool has also been noted.

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Diet therapy for irritable bowel syndrome

Terapevticheskii arkhiv ◽

10.26442/00403660.2020.08.000759 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 92 (8) ◽

pp. 118-127

Author(s):

I. G. Bakulin ◽

E. B. Avalueva ◽

L. S. Оrеshkо ◽

S. I. Sitkin ◽

M. A. Shevyakov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Diet Therapy ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Present Information ◽

Exogenous Factors ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Positive Effect

The review provides present information on the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), the relationship of endogenous and exogenous factors with the development of IBS-symptoms, questions of diet therapy are discussed, diets traditionally prescribed in IBS treatment and diets, such as FODMAP and gluten-free diet, which are the most promising and have a positive effect on the symptoms of IBS.

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Diarrhea Predominant-Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-D): Effects of Different Nutritional Patterns on Intestinal Dysbiosis and Symptoms

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051506 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1506

Author(s):

Annamaria Altomare ◽

Claudia Di Rosa ◽

Elena Imperia ◽

Sara Emerenziani ◽

Michele Cicala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Intestinal Microbiota ◽

Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽

Additional Energy ◽

Nutritional Advice ◽

Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽

Gi Symptoms ◽

Mutualistic Relationship ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Fodmap Diet

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain associated with defecation or a change in bowel habits. Gut microbiota, which acts as a real organ with well-defined functions, is in a mutualistic relationship with the host, harvesting additional energy and nutrients from the diet and protecting the host from pathogens; specific alterations in its composition seem to play a crucial role in IBS pathophysiology. It is well known that diet can significantly modulate the intestinal microbiota profile but it is less known how different nutritional approach effective in IBS patients, such as the low-FODMAP diet, could be responsible of intestinal microbiota changes, thus influencing the presence of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. The aim of this review was to explore the effects of different nutritional protocols (e.g., traditional nutritional advice, low-FODMAP diet, gluten-free diet, etc.) on IBS-D symptoms and on intestinal microbiota variations in both IBS-D patients and healthy subjects. To date, an ideal nutritional protocol does not exist for IBS-D patients but it seems crucial to consider the effect of the different nutritional approaches on the intestinal microbiota composition to better define an efficient strategy to manage this functional disorder.

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Does irritable bowel syndrome increase the risk of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome? A cohort study of long term follow-up

International Urogynecology Journal ◽

10.1007/s00192-021-04711-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kun-Min Chang ◽

Ming-Huei Lee ◽

Hsuan-Hung Lin ◽

Shang-Liang Wu ◽

Huei-Ching Wu

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Interstitial Cystitis ◽

Pain Syndrome ◽

Bladder Pain Syndrome ◽

Bladder Pain ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

Irritable Bowel

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Irritable bowel syndrome: new insights into symptom mechanisms and advances in treatment

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.7992.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 780 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Robin Spiller

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

New Agents ◽

Enteric Nerves ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Fodmap Diet ◽

And Function ◽

The Impact

Despite being one of the most common conditions leading to gastroenterological referral, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is poorly understood. However, recent years have seen major advances. These include new understanding of the role of both inflammation and altered microbiota as well as the impact of dietary intolerances as illuminated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which has thrown new light on IBS. This article will review new data on how excessive bile acid secretion mediates diarrhea and evidence from post infectious IBS which has shown how gut inflammation can alter gut microbiota and function. Studies of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have also shown that even when inflammation is in remission, the altered enteric nerves and abnormal microbiota can generate IBS-like symptoms. The efficacy of the low FODMAP diet as a treatment for bloating, flatulence, and abdominal discomfort has been demonstrated by randomized controlled trials. MRI studies, which can quantify intestinal volumes, have provided new insights into how FODMAPs cause symptoms. This article will focus on these areas together with recent trials of new agents, which this author believes will alter clinical practice within the foreseeable future.

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Pathogenetic Substantiation of the Therapeutic Impact on Microbiota in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Russian Journal of Gastroenterology Hepatology Coloproctology ◽

10.22416/1382-4376-2019-29-4-7-14 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 7-14

Author(s):

Yu. O. Shulpekova ◽

G. H. Babaeva ◽

V. Yu. Rusyaev

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Intestinal Microbiota ◽

Intestinal Bacteria ◽

Host Cells ◽

Intestinal Microbiome ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Blastocystis Hominis ◽

Therapeutic Impact ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Positive Effect

Aim. This review aims to describe the nature of changes in the intestinal microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and provide a pathogenetic justification of the feasibility of a therapeutic impact on microbiota. General findings. An important aspect of the interaction of intestinal bacteria with the “host” cells is their contact with pattern recognition receptors of enterocytes, dendritic cell receptors, as well as a transcellular transport of antigens in the region of Peyer’s patches. The area of interaction of intestinal bacteria and the human body is not limited to the intestines. Intestinal bacteria demonstrate a significant humoral effect due to signalling molecules, some of which exhibit neurotransmitter properties. The study of the bacterial cross-feeding for various species, i.e. mutual use of nutrient substrates produced by bacteria of various species, is of a great interest. The development of a lowactivity inflammation in IBS can partly be explained by the increased interaction of flagellin with the corresponding receptor, as well as the influx of excess bacteria from the small intestine. The majority of studies on IBS have demonstrated the predominance of intestinal bacteria with pro-inflammatory potential (Enterobacteriaceae) and the lack of bacteria with a pronounced anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and enzymatic action (Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium), as well as increased mucus degradation. Similar changes are observed in inflammatory bowel diseases. Reduced microbial diversity increases susceptibility to intestinal infections and parasitoses, including those caused by protozoa conditionally pathogenic for adults, such as Blastocystis hominis hominis, Dientamoeba fragilis, Giardia lamblia. With the help of nutrition correction, the use of probiotics and functional foods containing certain probiotic strains, plant fibres (primarily psyllium) and, in some cases, nonabsorbable antibiotics, a positive effect can be achieved in a significant number of IBS patients. Recent works have shown that clinical improvement is accompanied by a change in the composition of the intestinal microbiota.Conclusion. For the pathogenetic treatment of irritable bowel syndrome, the use of non-drug treatment is justified, such as diet optimization and prescription of plant fibres and probiotic bacterial strains. The positive effect of such an approach is largely determined by modification of the intestinal microbiota composition. This opens up prospects for a further, more targeted impact on the intestinal microbiome.

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Clinical Application of Dietary Therapies in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases ◽

10.15403/jgld.2014.1121.273.avy ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 307-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Anupam Rej ◽

Amanda Avery ◽

Alexander Charles Ford ◽

Anne Holdoway ◽

Matthew Kurien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Randomized Trials ◽

Individual Therapy ◽

Dietary Therapy ◽

Round Table Discussion ◽

Mesh Terms ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Fodmap Diet

Background & Aims: Diet appears to play a pivotal role in symptom generation in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). First line dietary therapy for IBS has focused on advice concerning healthy eating and lifestyle management. Research recently has focused on the role of a diet low in fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs), gluten free (GFD) and wheat free (WFD) diets for the relief of symptoms in IBS.Methods: A round table discussion with gastroenterologists and dietitians with a specialist interest in dietary therapies in IBS was held in Sheffield, United Kingdom in May 2017. Existing literature was reviewed. PubMed and EMBASE were searched with the MeSH terms irritable bowel syndrome/diet/diet therapy/gluten/low FODMAP in different combinations to identify relevant articles. A consensus on the application of these dietary therapies into day-to-day practice was developed. Results: Fourteen randomized trials in IBS evaluating the low FODMAP diet (n studies = 9), GFD (n = 4) and WFD (n = 1) were included in this review. The total number of patients recruited from randomized trials reviewed was: n=580 low FODMAP diet (female, n=430), n=203 GFD (female, n=139), n=276 WFD (female, n=215). There was no significant difference in the gender of patients recruited for both the low FODMAP and GFD randomized studies (p=0.12). The response rate in the literature to a low FODMAP diet ranged between 50-76%, and to GFD ranged between 34-71%. Percentage of IBS patients identified as wheat sensitive was reported as 30% in the literature. Conclusion: There are no head-to-head trials to date utilizing the low FODMAP diet, GFD and WFD for dietary treatment of IBS and still a number of concerns for diets, including nutritional inadequacy and alteration of the gut microbiota. The consensus suggests that there is evidence for the use of the low FODMAP diet, GFD and WFD as dietary therapies for IBS; the decision-making process for using each individual therapy should be directed by a detailed history by the dietitian, involving the patient in the process.

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Evaluation of Small Intestinal Motility in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

10.21203/rs.3.rs-763246/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Masamichi Sato ◽

Takahiro Kudo ◽

Nobuyasu Arai ◽

Reiko Kyodo ◽

Kenji Hosoi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Small Intestine ◽

Real Time ◽

Rat Model ◽

Intestinal Motility ◽

Restraint Stress ◽

Rat Models ◽

Small Intestinal Motility ◽

Small Intestinal ◽

Irritable Bowel

Abstract Background: The correlation between small intestinal motility alteration and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is not well evaluated. Aims: To assess the small intestinal and colonic transits in an IBS rat model with restraint stress and determine the role of small intestinal motility in the IBS pathophysiology.Methods: Restraint stress was utilized to make adolescent IBS rat models that were evaluated for clinical symptoms, including stool frequency and diarrhea. The small intestinal motility and transit rate were also evaluated. The amounts of mRNA encoding corticotropin-releasing hormone, mast cell, and serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) receptor 3a were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR); the 5-HT expression was evaluated using immunostaining.Results: Restraint stress significantly increased the number of fecal pellet outputs, stool water content, and small intestinal motility in the IBS rat models. There was no difference in real-time PCR results, but immunostaining analysis revealed that 5-HT expression in the small intestine was significantly increased in the IBS rat models.Conclusions: In the adolescent rat model of IBS with restraint stress, we observed an increase in small intestinal and colonic motility. In the small intestine, enhanced 5-HT secretion in the distal portion may be involved in increasing the small intestinal motility.

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