Measuring the ICT Sector in the Digital Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
A. A. Tatarinov ◽  
N. E. Ustinova
Keyword(s):  
Digital Economy ◽  
Standard Industrial Classification ◽  
Digital Products ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Measurement Framework ◽  
Economic Statistics ◽  
Centre Of Excellence ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Cost

The article addresses the problem of measuring the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector and its relationship to the digital economy as defined in the OECD «Guidelines for Supply-Use Tables for the Digital Economy». Analysis of various concepts of the digital economy shows that the ICT sector is its key element. It is stressed that, in line with the OECD recommendations, the measurement of the digital economy should be based on the SNA satellite account, the core element of which are the Digital Supply-Use Tables (Digital SUTs). This approach enables to reflect most fully within a single statistical model integration of all phases of digital products (goods and services) circulation in the national economy.It is noted that the construction of ICT Supply-Use Tables (SUTs) is a critical self-contained task, as it provides a measurement framework for both digital (regardless of the model to be adopted) and (more broadly) information economy.It is stressed that the ability to capture the use of ICT products as well as the cost of their production depends significantly on the identification and valuation of digital products and industries in the Digital SUTs. The identification of such industries is now a major challenge because of the lack of separate activities in the existing industrial classifications that are characteristic for their constituent units.The article concludes with a presentation of the pilot estimates of ICT Sector SUTs core indicators obtained by the authors at the Economic Statistics Centre of Excellence, HSE University. The contribution of the sector to the GDP of the Russian Federation is analysed and its inter-sectoral linkages, both on the demand and supply side, are assessed. It is concluded that the full implementation of the Digital SUTs depends on the inclusion in the new International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) the additions necessary to identify and evaluate digital products and industries.

The Role of Digital Economies in the Development and Growth in Asian Business Models

2020 ◽  
pp. 227-248
Author(s):  
Kinza Yousfani ◽  
Farhana Khowaja
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Technology Changes ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Flow Of Information ◽  
The Web

This chapter discusses the development of information and communication technology across Asian economies. Digital technology is the presentation of information in bits that emphasize digital technology which covers all business, financial, social, and cultural events that are supported by the web and other digital communication technologies. Technology has minimized the cost of storage, and flow of information. In the last 15 years, digital technology has affected human lives and the chapter examines how digital technology changes economic activity. There are three principal segments: e-business, e-business framework, and e-commerce. The digital economy is known as the web economy because of its dependence on the network. Modern technologies, cloud computing, mobile app, and social media influence the business landscape, reshaping the idea of work, boundaries of enterprises, and the obligations of business pioneers. Thus, the digital economy features the opportunity for organizations and people to execute existing tasks on the PC more frequently than before.

GDPR

2021 ◽  
pp. 1769-1789
Author(s):  
Tomáš Pikulík ◽  
Peter Štarchoň
Keyword(s):  
Personal Data ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Information Economy ◽  
Customer Data ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Infrastructure ◽  
Additional Value ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Customer Centricity

Implementation of the GDPR changed the way how personal data of EU customers are processed. The purpose of this chapter is to explore the links between the rights of customers as a data subject and related aspects of customer satisfaction. Entities in modern economy (encompassing not only goods and services but also intellectual property) generate and process huge quantities of customer data. Information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure became a basis for the digital economy and society in the EU (settled by Eurostat as ISOC) that definitely replaced the previous era of the information economy that was based on the effective acquisition, dissemination, and use of information. Data-driven marketing puts data at the center of additional value creation and brings new insights and perspectives, included in the results of this research. The impact of GDPR on customer-centric ICT, stronger consumer awareness of data protection rights, creates new pathways to customer centricity and the legal and technical aspects of data processing within the digital economy ecosystem.

GDPR

2020 ◽  
pp. 256-277
Author(s):  
Tomáš Pikulík ◽  
Peter Štarchoň
Keyword(s):  
Personal Data ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Information Economy ◽  
Customer Data ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Infrastructure ◽  
Additional Value ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Customer Centricity

Implementation of the GDPR changed the way how personal data of EU customers are processed. The purpose of this chapter is to explore the links between the rights of customers as a data subject and related aspects of customer satisfaction. Entities in modern economy (encompassing not only goods and services but also intellectual property) generate and process huge quantities of customer data. Information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure became a basis for the digital economy and society in the EU (settled by Eurostat as ISOC) that definitely replaced the previous era of the information economy that was based on the effective acquisition, dissemination, and use of information. Data-driven marketing puts data at the center of additional value creation and brings new insights and perspectives, included in the results of this research. The impact of GDPR on customer-centric ICT, stronger consumer awareness of data protection rights, creates new pathways to customer centricity and the legal and technical aspects of data processing within the digital economy ecosystem.

Free competition in the digital economy: mechanisms of protection

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
NATALIA М. CHEPURNOVA ◽  
◽  
VALENTINA O. MURYSEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Free Competition ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Definition Of

The article presents various approaches to the concept of ‘digital economy’, offers the author’s definition, identifies the features of state protection of competition in the context of digital economy, describes the procedure for conducting economic activities and maintaining competition in the commodity markets in the context of the development of information and communication technologies, reveals the features of the state mechanism for protecting competition in the conditions of digitalization of production of goods and services. It justifies the need to develop a holistic organizational and legal mechanism of public administration, taking into account the processes of globalization of the digital economy, and the need to change legislative approaches to ensure that new entities are taken into account in the field of competition and the coverage of public relations. Analyzing the normative legal acts of the Russian Federation related to the concept of Big Data and the processing of large amounts of data, the authors come to the conclusion about expediency of amending the clauses of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation ‘On the Strategy of information society development in Russian Federation to 2017 – 2030’ in the part on definition of the digital economy.

TRANSFER FİYATLAMA UYGULAMASININ İŞLETME PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ VE VERGİSEL AÇIDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Serdar KUZU
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Transfer Pricing ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
International Transactions ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The size of international trade continues to extend rapidly from day to day as a result of the globalization process. This situation causes an increase in the economic activities of businesses in the trading area. One of the main objectives of the cost system applied in businesses is to be able to monitor the competitors and the changes that can be occured as a result of the developments in the sector. Thus, making cost accounting that is proper according to IAS / IFRS and tax legislation has become one of the strategic targets of the companies in most countries. In this respect, businesses should form their cost and pricing systems according to new regulations. Transfer pricing practice is usefull in setting the most proper price for goods that are subject to the transaction, in evaluating the performance of the responsibility centers of business, and in determining if the inter-departmental pricing system is consistent with targets of the business. The taxing powers of different countries and also the taxing powers of different institutions in a country did not overlap. Because of this reason, bringing new regulations to the tax system has become essential. The transfer pricing practice that has been incorporated into the Turkish Tax System is one of the these regulations. The transfer pricing practice which includes national and international transactions has been included in the Corporate Tax Law and Income Tax Law. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of goods and services transfer that will occur between departments of businesses on the responsibility center and business performance, and also the impact of transfer pricing practice on the business performance on the basis of tax-related matters. As a result of the study, it can be said that transfer pricing practice has an impact on business performance in terms of both price and tax-related matters.

Digital tax: an instructive foreign experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-87
Author(s):  
K.S. Teteryatnikov ◽  
S.G. Каmolov ◽  
D.A. Blashkina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Digital Products ◽  
Tax Reforms ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Usa ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is meant to analyze current problems and prospects for the development of effective tax policy as part of digital transformation of Russian economy. Introduction of a digital tax and the consequences of the digital tax reforms in the EU, the USA and OECD countries are highlighted. The necessity of qualitative transformation of the tax system of the Russian Federation in response to modern challenges is substantiated, taking into account the changes of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation adopted at the end of July 2020. The authors suggested their own concept of a digital tax and the prospects for its adoption in Russia, and consider it inappropriate to impose taxes on Internet users who do not use the Internet for business. Today, the main focus should be made on creating and testing effective technologies that allow on-line monitoring the tax basis of digital economy entities, taking into account the cross-border movement or use of digital products (goods and services). In addition, it would be extremely important to provide for a potential tax exemption for part of the profits of international ICT companies that are received on the territory of the Russian Federation and reinvested in joint with Russian companies projects in the high-tech for civil purposes area.

A new index to measure cost of living for expatriates in cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-317
Author(s):  
Khee Giap Tan ◽  
Nguyen Trieu Duong Luu ◽  
Le Phuong Anh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Commercial Research ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Living Index ◽  
The City

Purpose Cost of living is an important consideration for the decision-making of expatriates and investment decisions of businesses. As competition between cities for talent and capital becomes global instead of national, the need for timely and internationally comparable information on global cities’ cost of living increases. While commercial research houses frequently publish cost of living surveys, these reports can be lacking in terms of scientific rigour. In this context, this paper aims to contribute to the literature by formulating a comprehensive and rigorous methodology to compare the cost of living for expatriates in 103 world’s major cities. Design/methodology/approach A cost of living index for expatriates composed of the ten consumption categories is constructed. The results from the study covers a study period from 2005 to 2014 in 103 cities. More than 280 individual prices of 165 goods and services have been compiled for each city in the calculation of the cost of living index for expatriates. New York has been chosen as the base city for the study, with other cities being benchmarked against it. A larger cost of living index for expatriates implies that the city is more expensive for expatriates to live in and vice versa. Findings While the authors generate the cost of living rankings for expatriates for 103 cities worldwide, in this paper, the authors focus on five key cities, namely, London, Hong Kong, Singapore, Tokyo and Zurich, as they are global financial centres. In 2013, the latest year for which data are available, Zurich was the most expensive for expatriates among the five cities, followed by Singapore, Tokyo, London and Hong Kong. These results pertain to the cost of living for expatriates, and cities compare very differently in terms of cost of living for ordinary residents, as ordinary residents follow different consumption patterns from expatriates. Originality/value Cost of living in the destination city is a major consideration for professionals who look to relocate, and organisations factor such calculations in their decisions to post employees overseas and design commensurate compensation packages. This paper develops a comprehensive and rigorous methodology for measuring and comparing cost of living for expatriates around the world. The value-addition lies in the fact that the authors are able to differentiate between expatriates and ordinary residents, which has not been done in the existing literature. They use higher quality data and generate an index that is not sensitive to the choice of base city.

The Race for Online Reputation: Implications for Platforms, Firms, and Consumers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingwen Yang ◽  
Zhiqiang (Eric) Zheng ◽  
Vijay Mookerjee
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Marketing Mix ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Online Reputation ◽  
Better Than

Online reputation has become a key marketing-mix variable in the digital economy. Our study helps managers decide on the effort they should use to manage online reputation. We consider an online reputation race in which it is important not just to manage the absolute reputation, but also the relative rating. That is, to stay ahead, a firm should try to have ratings that are better than those of its competitors. Our findings are particularly significant for platform owners (such as Expedia or Yelp) to strategically grow their base of participating firms: growing the middle of the market (firms with average ratings) is the best option considering the goals of the platform and the other stakeholders, namely incumbents and consumers. For firms, we find that they should increase their effort when the mean market rating increases. Another key insight for firms is that, sometimes, adversity can come disguised as an opportunity. When an adverse event strikes the industry (such as a reduction in sales margin or an increase in the cost of effort), a firm’s profit can increase if it can manage this event better than its competitors.

SERVICES SECTOR DEVELOPMENT IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
E. V. BARDASOVA ◽  
◽  
L. G. KIRILLOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
End User ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Information And Communication

The article is devoted to the consideration of the features of the digital economy, which provide huge opportunities for the development of business and services. Information and communication technologies allow you to bring the manufacturer to the end user, reduce costs, and develop new services on digital platforms. The conclusion is made: to get development opportunities from the digital environment, it is necessary to master the relevant competencies.

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