Outcome of muscle injuries in youth football

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Time Loss ◽  
Injury Score

Background: Muscle injuries are the most common injury in soccer and account for almost 30 percent of all time-loss injuries. The aim of this study was to investigate the muscle length as a risk factor to sustain a muscle injury and to grade and monitore muscle injuries during the rehabilitation. Methods: 110 young male football players of 5 soccer teams (U15, U16, U17, U18 and U21) with (age 16,8 (14,3–21) years, height 174,5 (146,1–190,0) cm, weight 65,7 (35,5–84,6) kg) were monitored for 12 months in a prospective cohort study. Initially, muscle length in all players were measured. Every muscle injury was documented and monitored in a standardized protocol and graded clinically based on the Muscle-­Injury-Score. Results: 53 muscle injuries accounted for a total of 949 missed trainings and 179 missed matches, averaging in missing 18 trainings and 3,4 matches per injury. In 191 trainings (88,4%) and in 36 matches (81,9%) one player per team was missing because of a muscle injury. Injuries of the rectus femoris muscle were leading to the longest time-loss (39,3 days). There was no statistical significance in muscle length between the injured and the not injured players. The Muscle-Injury-Score correlated clinically relevant and statistically significant with the severity of the injury (r2=0,54, p<0,001). Per point in the Muscle-Injury Score, the rehabilitation of a muscle injury took 5,8 days. Conclusion: Also in young football players, muscle injuries are responsible for long time-losses. In this study, muscle length was not a risk factor for muscle injuries. The muscle-injury score allowed grading of muscle injuries and prediction of the time-loss.

The burden of muscle injuries in youth football

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Youth Football ◽  
Substantial Problem

Background: Muscle injuries affect up to 72% of professional soccer players within one season and there are well reviewed, but muscle injuries in youth soccer players are not widely documented. The aim of this study was to investigate incidence, localization, pathomechanism and point of time of indirect muscle injuries in youth soccer players. Methods: Prospective cohort study. 5 teams (U15, U16, U17, U18 and U21) with 110 young male football players (age 16,8 (14,3–21) years, height 174,5 (146,1–190,0) cm, weight 65,7 (35,5–84,6) kg) were monitored for 12 months. Every muscle injury was documented and monitored on a standardized evaluation score. Results: In total, 53 muscle injuries were registered. On average, a player sustained 0,4 muscle injuries per season. There was only one re-injury (2%). The injury rate was 1,5 injuries per 1000h match- or /training hours, the match injury rate (6,9) being 7,7 times higher than the training injury rate (0,9). Sixty-nine percent were functional muscle injuries. Thirty-seven percent of all muscle injuries affected the hamstrings group and twenty-eight percent the adductors. The most common pathomechanism was overload (28%). Most of the injuries were recorded during the last 15 minutes of a game or a training (39,6%). Conclusion: Muscle injuries are a substantial problem for players and clubs, also in young male football players. This study confirmed previous results showing that the injury rate during games is higher than during trainings and that hamstrings injuries are the most common muscle injuries in soccer. However, a prolonged study period is recommended to gain better statistical values.

scholarly journals Injury rates decreased in men’s professional football: an 18-year prospective cohort study of almost 12 000 injuries sustained during 1.8 million hours of play

2021 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2020-103159
Author(s):  
Jan Ekstrand ◽  
Armin Spreco ◽  
Håkan Bengtsson ◽  
Roald Bahr
Keyword(s):  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Time Loss ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Surveillance Programme ◽  
Individual Player

BackgroundThe UEFA Elite Club Injury Study is the largest and longest running injury surveillance programme in football.ObjectiveTo analyse the 18-season time trends in injury rates among male professional football players.Methods3302 players comprising 49 teams (19 countries) were followed from 2000–2001 through 2018–2019. Team medical staff recorded individual player exposure and time-loss injuries.ResultsA total of 11 820 time-loss injuries were recorded during 1 784 281 hours of exposure. Injury incidence fell gradually during the 18-year study period, 3% per season for both training injuries (95% CI 1% to 4% decrease, p=0.002) and match injuries (95% CI 2% to 3% decrease, p<0.001). Ligament injury incidence decreased 5% per season during training (95% CI 3% to 7% decrease, p<0.001) and 4% per season during match play (95% CI 3% to 6% decrease, p<0.001), while the rate of muscle injuries remained constant. The incidence of reinjuries decreased by 5% per season during both training (95% CI 2% to 8% decrease, p=0.001) and matches (95% CI 3% to 7% decrease, p<0.001). Squad availability increased by 0.7% per season for training sessions (95% CI 0.5% to 0.8% increase, p<0.001) and 0.2% per season for matches (95% CI 0.1% to 0.3% increase, p=0.001).ConclusionsOver 18 years: (1) injury incidence decreased in training and matches, (2) reinjury rates decreased, and (3) player availability for training and match play increased.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF MUSCLE LENGTH IN DOMINANT VERSUS NON-DOMINANT LOWER EXTREMITY IN YOUNG ASYMPTOMATIC INDIVIDUALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 3569-3573
Author(s):  
Pratik Phansopkar
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Length Data ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Goniometric Measurements ◽  
Dominant Side

Muscle length is the length where maximum amount of force a muscle is able to produce. This length is determined by the joint angle that corresponds to the muscle. Understanding the optimal muscle length as well as its comparison between the extremities is very important as a part of examination in physiotherapy. Ranges that are obtained of muscle length helps therapist to recognize individuals with reduced flexibility. Identification and knowledge of muscle length has several role including; evaluation of pre-competition risk for injury, decreased flexibility as an predictor of muscle injury and guides in determining interventional strategy plus training program for an individual. Objectives: To compare muscle length of rectus femoris, hamstring’s, iliopsoas, gastrocnemius in dominant as well as non-dominant side of young asymptomatic individuals in the age group of 18 to 25 years. Method: Through standard goniometer muscle length data was obtained between dominant, non-dominant lower extremity. The methods of assessment used were; active knee extension (AKE) tests the hamstrings length, Thomas and modified Thomas test had been used to evaluate iliopsoas and rectus femoris while prone, figure-four position accompanied by dorsiflexion utilized for gastrocnemius. Result: Values were calculated using goniometric measurements through the group mean values. There is statistically significant variation between the muscle length of hamstring, rectus femoris, iliopsoas and gastrocnemius between the dominant and non-dominant side (p<0.05). Conclusion: Along with data about lower limb muscle length of asymptomatic individuals, we conclude notable difference in dominant to non-dominant extremities muscle length in individuals eighteen to twenty five year.

scholarly journals Can prognostic factors for indirect muscle injuries in elite football (soccer) players be identified using data from preseason screening? An exploratory analysis using routinely-collected periodic health examination records

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Hughes ◽  
Richard D. Riley ◽  
Michael J. Callaghan ◽  
Jamie C. Sergeant
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Periodic Health Examination ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Time Loss ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
Using Data

ABSTRACTThis study used periodic health examination (PHE) data from 134 outfield elite male football players, over 5 seasons (1st July 2013 to 19th May 2018). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine prognostic associations between 36 variables and time-loss, lower extremity index indirect muscle injuries (I-IMIs). Non-linear associations were explored using fractional polynomials. During 317 participant-seasons, 138 I-IMIs were recorded. Univariable associations were determined for previous calf indirect muscle injury (IMI) frequency (OR=1.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09 to 2.97), hamstring IMI frequency (OR=1.56, 95% CI=1.17 to 2.09), if the most recent hamstring IMI occurred > 12 months but < 3 years prior to PHE (OR= 2.95, 95% CI = 1.51 to 5.73) and age (OR =1.12 per 1-year increase, 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.18). Multivariable analyses demonstrated that if a player’s most recent previous hamstring IMI was >12 months but <3 years prior to PHE (OR= 2.24, 95% CI = 1.11 to 4.53), then this was the only variable with added prognostic value over and above age (OR=1.12 per 1-year increase, 95%CI = 1.05 to 1.18). Allowing non-linear associations conferred no advantage over linear ones. Therefore, PHE has limited use for injury risk prediction.

Muscle Flexibility as a Risk Factor for Developing Muscle Injuries in Male Professional Soccer Players

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Witvrouw ◽  
Lieven Danneels ◽  
Peter Asselman ◽  
Thomas D'Have ◽  
Dirk Cambier
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Adductor Muscle ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
History Of ◽  
Musculoskeletal Lesion

Background Muscular tightness is frequently postulated as an intrinsic risk factor for the development of a muscle injury. However, very little prospective data exist to prove this. Hypothesis Increased muscle tightness identifies a soccer player at risk for a subsequent musculoskeletal lesion. Study Design Prospective cohort study. Methods We examined 146 male professional soccer players before the 1999–2000 Belgian soccer competition. None of the players had a history of muscle injury in the lower extremities in the previous 2 years. The flexibility of the hamstring, quadriceps, adductor, and calf muscles of these players was measured goniometrically before the start of the season. All of the examined players were monitored throughout the season to register subsequent injuries. Results Players with a hamstring (N = 31) or quadriceps (N = 13) muscle injury were found to have significantly lower flexibility in these muscles before their injury compared with the uninjured group. No significant differences in muscle flexibility were found between players who sustained an adductor muscle injury (N = 13) or a calf muscle injury (N = 10) and the uninjured group. Conclusions These results indicate that soccer players with an increased tightness of the hamstring or quadriceps muscles have a statistically higher risk for a subsequent musculoskeletal lesion. Clinical Significance Preseason hamstring and quadriceps muscle flexibility testing can identify male soccer players at risk of developing hamstring and quadriceps muscle injuries.

scholarly journals Association of the British Athletic Muscle Injury Classification and anatomic location with return to full training and reinjury following hamstring injury in elite football

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e001010
Author(s):  
Ricky Shamji ◽  
Steven L J James ◽  
Rajesh Botchu ◽  
Kent A Khurniawan ◽  
Gurjit Bhogal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Muscle Involvement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Distal Tendon ◽  
Injury Classification

BackgroundThe relationship between hamstring muscle injuries (HMIs) that involve the intramuscular tendon and prolonged recovery time and increased reinjury rate remains unclear in elite footballers.ObjectiveTo determine the association of time to return to full training (TRFT) and reinjury of HMIs using the British Athletic Muscle Injury Classification (BAMIC) and specific anatomical injury location in elite-level football players.MethodsThe electronic medical records of all players at an English Premier League club were reviewed over eight consecutive seasons. All players who sustained an acute HMI were included. Two experienced musculoskeletal radiologists independently graded each muscle using the BAMIC, categorised each injury location area (proximal vs middle vs distal third and proximal vs distal tendon) and reported second muscle involvement. TRFT and reinjury were recorded.ResultsOut of 61 HMIs, the intramuscular tendon (BAMIC ‘c’) was involved in 13 (21.3%). HMI involving the intramuscular tendon (‘c’) had a mean rank TRFT of 36 days compared with 24 days without involvement (p=0.013). There were 10 (16.4%) reinjuries with a significant difference of 38.5% reinjury rate in the group with intramuscular tendon injury (‘c’) and 12.5% in the group without (p=0.031). TRFT and reinjury involving a second muscle was statistically significantly higher than without. Most of the HMIs to the biceps femoris with reinjury (5 out of 9) were in the distal third section related to the distal tendon site involving both the long and short head.ConclusionTRFT in HMI involving the intramuscular tendon (‘c’) of the Biceps femoris is significantly longer with significantly higher reinjury rate compared with injuries without, in elite football players. The finding that most reinjures of the biceps femoris occurring in the distal third muscle at the distal tendon site, involving both the long and short head, merits further investigation.

IMMEDIATE EFFECT OF NEURAL MOBILIZATION ON HAMSTRING FLEXIBILITY AND FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE AMONG FOOTBALL PLAYERS IN VADODARA

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Jonshi Kiritkumar Dulera (PT) ◽  
Paras Abhesinh Bhura (PT)
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Hamstring Muscle ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hamstring Flexibility ◽  
Short Session

Background: Hamstring muscle injuries are a common occurrence in a wide range of sprint-based sports which accounts about 13-15% of injuries in football players. The predisposing factors for it are poor hamstring flexibility & neural tension. Epidemiological research has cited reduced flexibility as an etiological factor in acute muscle strain injury and can influence functional performance. To prevent hamstring muscle injury, routine traditional intervention is used. Neural mobilization has been an emerging technique but its research on sports field is very limited. Thus, the need of the study was to examine the immediate effect of neural mobilization on hamstring flexibility and Functional performance using this new technique and also to prevent/decrease the risk of hamstring muscle injury. To Aim: evaluate the immediate effect of Sciatic Neural Mobilization technique on Hamstring Flexibility and Functional Performance among Football Players in Vadodara. Methodology: 48 Male Football Players who met the Inclusion Criteria were recruited from Baroda Football Academy (BFA) and Swarnim Gujarat Sports University (SGSU). There was a short session of 3 minutes warm up. The Baseline and post-intervention data collection was done in a sequential order (Bilateral Hamstring Flexibility, Vertical jump test, Four-Line Sprint Test) in which in between Vertical jump & Four-Line Sprint Test 5 minutes break was provided to avoid fatigue. Following 5 minutes break, Sciatic neural sliding mobilization was given for bilateral lower limb to participants by physiotherapist. The Data were analyzed using Result: Paired t- Test, and there was statistically significant improvement in all the three outcome measures (P = < 0.001) Conclusion: The present study showed that sciatic neural mobilization had a Positive effect on hamstring flexibility and functional performance among Football Players in Vadodara.

scholarly journals Height in Adolescence as a Risk Factor for Glioma Subtypes: a Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study of 2.2 Million Subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roi Tschernichovsky ◽  
Lior H Katz ◽  
Estela Derazne ◽  
Matan Ben-Zion Berliner ◽  
Maya Simchoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models ◽  
Glioma Risk ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Background Gliomas manifest in a variety of histological phenotypes with varying aggressiveness. The etiology of glioma remains largely unknown. Taller stature in adulthood has been linked with glioma risk. The aim of this study was to discern whether this association can be detected in adolescence. Methods The cohort included 2,223,168 adolescents between the ages of 16-19. Anthropometric measurements were collected at baseline. Incident cases of glioma were extracted from the Israel National Cancer Registry over a follow-up period spanning 47,635,745 person-years. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratio for glioma and glioma subtypes according to height, body mass index (BMI) and sex. Results 1,195 patients were diagnosed with glioma during the study period. Mean(SD) age at diagnosis was 38.1 (11.7) years. Taller adolescent height (per 10cm increase) was positively associated with the risk for glioma of any type (HR 1.15; p=0.002). The association was retained in subgroup analyses for low-grade glioma (HR 1.17; p=0.031), high-grade glioma (HR 1.15; p=0.025), oligodendroglioma (HR 1.31; p=0.015), astrocytoma (HR 1.12; p=0.049), and a category of presumed IDH-mutated glioma (HR 1.17; p=0.013). There was a trend towards a positive association between height and glioblastoma, however this had borderline statistical significance (HR: 1.15; p=0.07). After stratification of the cohort by sex, height remained a risk factor for men, but not for women. Conclusions The previously - established association between taller stature in adulthood and glioma risk can be traced back to adolescence. The magnitude of association differs by glioma subtype.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Imaging Evaluation of Textural Features in Athletes with Soleus Pathology—A Novel Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca De-la-Cruz-Torres ◽  
Emmanuel Navarro-Flores ◽  
Daniel López-López ◽  
Carlos Romero-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Group A

Background: the aim of this study was to compare the echotexture of patients with soleus muscle injury and age matched controls. Methods: a sample of 62 athletes was recruited at the private clinic and was divided in two group: a healthy group (n = 31) and a soleus pathology group whose athletes had soleus muscle injury, located in the central tendon (n = 31). The muscle thickness (MTh), echointensity (EI) and echovariation (EV) were analyzed. An intra-rater reliability test (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient-ICC) was performed in order to analyze the reliability of the values of the measurements. Results: Sociodemographic variables did not show statistically significant differences (p > 0.05). Ultrasound imaging measurements who reported statistically significant differences were EI (p = 0.001) and standard deviation (SD) (p = 0.001). MTh and EV variables did not show statistically significant differences (p = 0.381 and p = 0.364, respectively). Moreover, reliability values for the MTh (ICC = 0.911), EI (ICC = 0.982), SD (ICC = 0.955) and EV (ICC = 0.963). Based on these results the intra-rater reliability was considered excellent. Conclusion: Athletes with a central tendon injury of soleus muscle showed a lower EI when they were compared to healthy athletes. The echogenicity showed by the quantitative ultrasound imaging measurement may be a more objective parameter for the diagnosis and follow-up the soleus muscle injuries.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Deficiency as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Ischemia

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 774
Author(s):  
Christina Batsi ◽  
Evangelia Gkika ◽  
Loukas Astrakas ◽  
Athanassios Papadopoulos ◽  
Ioannis Iakovou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
And Gender ◽  
D Values

Background and Objectives: Vitamin D (Vit D) deficiency has been implicated in various conditions, including cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the incidence of patients with myocardial ischemia in relation to their serum levels of vitamin D. Materials and Methods: A 64-month search (January 2016 to April 2021) in our database of the Nuclear Medicine Laboratory revealed 113 patients who had both myocardial perfusion imaging with single photon emission computed tomography (MPI SPECT) and Vit D measurements. MPI SPECT obtained myocardial images during both stress (summed stress score, SSS) and rest (summed rest score, SRS). Abnormal MPI SPECT was when the SSS was ≥4. Vit D was determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Patients with Vit D values <10 ng/mL, 10–29 ng/mL and ≥30 ng/mL were defined as having a deficiency, insufficiency and sufficiency, respectively. Results: Among patients, 46/113 (40.7%) were male and 67/113 (59.3%) were female. Abnormal MPI was found in 58/113 (51.3%) patients. Vit D deficiency was noted in 20/113 (17.7%) patients, insufficiency in 86/113 (76.1%) patients, and normal Vit D was noted in only 7/113 (6.2%) patients. Sixteen of the 20 patients (80%) with Vit D deficiency, and 38/86 (44.2%) with insufficiency had an abnormal MPI SPECT. In contrast, only 1/7 (14.3%) patients with sufficient Vit D levels had an abnormal MPI SPECT. The Mann-Whitney U-test showed that ischemia reduced the values of Vit D. Correlation analysis showed a negative association of Vit D levels with SSS (rho = −0.232, p = 0.014) and SRS (rho = −0.250, p = 0.008). Further evaluation with a Vit D cut off 20 ng/mL retrieved no statistical significance. Finally, Vit D and gender were independently associated with myocardial ischemia. Conclusions: Low Vit D levels may represent a risk factor for myocardial ischemia.

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