scholarly journals Resource-saving factor in the development of Russian cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (45) ◽  
pp. 293-301
Author(s):  
Rinad A. Popov ◽  
Aleksandr N. Sekisov ◽  
Ekaterina V. Solovyova ◽  
Nataliya A. Shipilova ◽  
Andrey A. Savenko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Reproduction System ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The City

The purpose of the article is to identify the problems of Russian cities and urban-type settlements from the standpoint of their historical and economic development. Using the methodology of economic, statistical and retrospective analysis, it was revealed that along with the growth of large cities in recent years, there has been a tendency towards a reduction in small settlements, which is associated with a decrease in industrial production. The result of this is the active development of urban processes, leading to the concentration in large cities of the scientific, technical and intellectual and production potential of the regions, their transformation into self-sufficient centers for the development of territorial socio-economic locations. The result of the study is the substantiation of the need to create new methodological approaches to the development and placement of productive forces, planning of urban areas, solving problems of energy and resource supply of territories on the basis of achieving their ecological and economic efficiency. The concept of the decisive role of the resource-saving factor in the process of urbanization of territories is substantiated. It was revealed that the approach to the analysis and modeling of the city economy when considering it as a "quasi-corporation" involves the formation of an integrated reproduction system based on increasing the efficiency of the use of territory resources, which translates the process of planning the development of the urban environment into the category of business process technologies.

scholarly journals Recycling of construction and demolition waste during renovation of territories and pavements of large cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitali Chulkov ◽  
Bakhruz Nazirov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
The City ◽  
New Buildings

In the process of urbanization of large cities in different countries, there are similar problems of reorganization, involving the demolition of physically and morally obsolete buildings and structures, as well as the subsequent construction reorganization of the territories vacated or re-cut to the city. In the process of demolition of obsolete buildings and structures, as well as the construction of new buildings, inevitably significant amounts of waste and construction debris arise that should be recycled as much as possible into secondary building materials (to carry out the so-called «recycling» of waste). Types of construction reorganization of urban areas are divided into traditional, widely known and standardized (repair, reconstruction, restoration), and innovative, arising in the processes of reorganization of society. Among the innovative types of construction reorganization, renovation is currently the most relevant, meeting the need to renovate the dilapidated housing stock of cities. The article discusses the main types of construction waste generated during demolition and new construction, as well as the technologies used for recycling these wastes during the renovation of territories and pavements of large cities.

Role of Entrepreneurship in Networked Indian Economy

2015 ◽  
pp. 36-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeta Baporikar
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Knowledge Networks ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Network Operator ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Networked Economy ◽  
The City

Historically, all societies may have a constant supply of entrepreneurial activity, but that activity is distributed unevenly. Urban areas are favourable for innovative entrepreneurship, as a result of economies of density and the opportunities created by the city as a nucleus of a broader network. Thus, a modem entrepreneur tends to become increasingly a network operator and manager. The purpose of this chapter is to contribute to our understanding on entrepreneurship in networked economy of India; thereto the literature is summarized from the perspective of geographical seedbed conditions and network constellations. It focuses on the role played by small firms and entrepreneurship. The constraints are identified, and the areas that need action are highlighted. It is also suggested that in the age of liberalization and globalization, any attempt at creation of a competitive environment in the country would need to explicitly note the emerging global production and knowledge networks.

scholarly journals Small cities face greater impact from automation

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (139) ◽  
pp. 20170946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan R. Frank ◽  
Lijun Sun ◽  
Manuel Cebrian ◽  
Hyejin Youn ◽  
Iyad Rahwan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Worker Displacement ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Job Content ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Technical Professions

The city has proved to be the most successful form of human agglomeration and provides wide employment opportunities for its dwellers. As advances in robotics and artificial intelligence revive concerns about the impact of automation on jobs, a question looms: how will automation affect employment in cities? Here, we provide a comparative picture of the impact of automation across US urban areas. Small cities will undertake greater adjustments, such as worker displacement and job content substitutions. We demonstrate that large cities exhibit increased occupational and skill specialization due to increased abundance of managerial and technical professions. These occupations are not easily automatable, and, thus, reduce the potential impact of automation in large cities. Our results pass several robustness checks including potential errors in the estimation of occupational automation and subsampling of occupations. Our study provides the first empirical law connecting two societal forces: urban agglomeration and automation's impact on employment.

Locating the location of a South African location: the paradoxical pre-history of Soweto

Urban History ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
HOWARD PHILLIPS
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
South African ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
The South ◽  
Pneumonic Plague ◽  
South African War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Emergency Measure ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT:This article examines the decisive role of the pneumonic plague epidemic of 1904 in re-shaping the racial geography of Johannesburg after the South African War. The panic which this epidemic evoked swept away the obstacles which had blocked such a step since 1901 and saw the Indian and African inhabitants of the inner-city Coolie Location forcibly removed to Klipspruit Farm 12 miles outside of the city as a health emergency measure. There, the latter were compelled to remain, even after the epidemic had waned, making it henceforth the officially designated site for their residence. In 1963, now greatly expanded, it was named Soweto. From small germs do mighty townships grow.

The Role of Provide Survice Small Town in Rural–Urban Linkages for Sustainable Development: A case of rural-urban linkage of Malda district, West Bengal, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anik Saha
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
Trade Networks ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The City

Rural–urban linkages play a fundamental role in the generation of service, development, health treatment and wealth. Yet, for various reasons the importance of such linkages is not recognized and thus unnoticed in rural economic and trade policies. The present paper investigates infrastructure problem, institutional constraints and dependency rural area on near rural service trade barriers that tend to discourage linkages between rural and urban areas and thus prevent a process of rural empowerment and economic development. The findings of our review indicate that clustering rural and urban areas into regional planning units may create the necessary enabling environment for extensive trade networks and knowledge switch over between the city and the neighbor rural-side. As such, stronger rural–urban linkages could also play a crucial role in fulfill rural areas demand in developing countries.

Role of Advection on the Evolution of Near-Surface Temperature and Wind in Urban-Aware Simulations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallav Ray ◽  
Haochen Tan ◽  
Mukul Tewari ◽  
James Brownlee ◽  
R. S. Ajayamohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Windward Side ◽  
Leeward Side ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Horizontal Advection ◽  
The City

AbstractThe role of advection of heat and momentum on the evolution of near-surface temperature and wind is evaluated in urban-aware simulations over Houston under dry conditions on a light-wind day. Two sets of experiments, each consisting of four simulations using different planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes, were conducted over 48 hours using the default urban scheme (BULK) and the single-layer urban canopy model (SLUCM) available within the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. We focus on understanding and quantifying the role played by temperature and momentum advection, particularly on the windward and leeward sides of the city. Previous studies have largely ignored any quantitative analysis of impacts from the advection of momentum over an urban area.The horizontal advection of temperature was found to be more important in the BULK because of the larger surface temperature gradient caused by warmer surface temperatures over urban areas than in the SLUCM. An analysis of the momentum budget shows that horizontal advection of zonal and meridional momentum plays a prominent role during the period of peak near-surface winds, and this effect is more pronounced in the windward side of the city. The local tendency in peak winds in the leeward side lags that in the windward side by about 1-2 hours, similar to the lag found in horizontal momentum advection. The sensitivity of the results to different urban and PBL schemes was explored. The results imply that representation and influence of land-use patterns via sophisticated urban parameterizations generates locally driven winds that best resemble observations.

scholarly journals Mengkaji Kesehatan Masyarakat Daerah “Urban” Jika Dilihat Dari Konteks Pemuda

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Robist Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Urban Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
The Government ◽  
Descriptive Method

<p><em>Abstra</em><em>k</em><strong><em> -</em></strong> <strong>Kesehatan merupakan faktor penting  kehidupan, tak terkecuali  kaum urban di perkotaan besar di Indonesia, banyak permasalahan terjadi, prasarana idak memadai, kehidupan yang buruk menimbulkan masalah serius baik sekarang dan masa yang akan datang. Salah satu bagian kaum urban adalah pemuda, merupakan kaum di antara anak-anak dan juga dewasa. Sehingga di harapkan memiliki solusi untuk menghadapi permsaalahan tersebut.</strong><strong> </strong><strong>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaiman peranan pemuda mengkaji permasalahan yang terjadi sehingga bisa mendapatkan solusi sederhana untuk mengatasi permasalahan kaum urban diperkotaan besar. Adapun metode yang digunakan penulis yakni metode deskriptif, mengkaji serta menganalisis literasi-literasi yang ada dan menyimpulkan menjadi sebuah solusi dari permasalahan yang penulis ungkapkan. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini ,bahwa permasalahan kaum urban terletak pada tidak adanya program yang jelas serta terperinci secara baik, baik itu dari pemerintah daerah maupun pusat. Sehingga hal ini menjadi permasalahan bersama bukan salah satu pihak semata. Adapun yang bisa pemuda berikan solusi: yakni mencangkup program dan juga kebijakan, program yang di berikan yakni terdiri 3 tahap,</strong><strong> </strong><strong>yaitu: jangka pendek, menengah dan panjang. Adapun alasannya yaitu program tersebut di  terapkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan kaum urban serta kebijakan yang  merupakan wewenang dari pemerintah. Bisa disimpulkan, pemuda memiliki peranan penting dalam mengkaji ataupun memberikan solusi yang terbaik untuk kesehatan kaum urban.</strong></p><p><em>Abstract </em><strong>- Health is an important factor of life, including urban in large urban areas in Indonesia, many problems occur, infrastructure is inadequate, a bad life causes serious problems both now and in the future. One part of the urban community is youth, is a family among children and also adults. So that it is expected to have a solution to deal with these problems. This study aims to see how the role of youth examines the problems that occur so that they can get a simple solution to overcome urban problems in large cities. The method used by the author is descriptive method, reviewing and analyzing existing literacy and concluding to be a solution to the problems that the writer reveals. The results of this study, that the problem of urbanites lies in the absence of a clear and well-detailed program, both from the local and central government. So this matter becomes a common problem, </strong><strong>not</strong><strong> only one part. As for what the youth can provide a solution: namely covering the program and also the policy, the program provided is consisting of</strong><strong> </strong><strong>3 stages, namely: short, medium and long term. The reason is that the program is implemented in accordance with the needs of the urbanites and policies that are the authority of the government. It can be concluded, youth have an important role in assessing or providing the best solution for urban health.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong> – <em>Role of Youth, </em><em>Urban Community Health, Problems, Programs</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals SUSTAINABILITY LEVEL OF DENSELY POPULATED AREA: JATIMULYO URBAN COMMUNITIES, LOWOKWARU DISTRICT, MALANG CITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 718
Author(s):  
S Haryani
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
City Development ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
Big City ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Population Urbanization ◽  
The City

Large cities still peak the interests of some Indonesian society. Big city development as the center of economic activity is a powerful pull for society, influencing high workforce from both inside and outside of the city, causing a strong current of urbanization. One main problem that always accompanies urban areas development is density population. Urbanization has caused a very rapid explosion in the city population; one implication is the clumping workforce in large Indonesian cities. The high number of people who choose to settle in the city increase the number of both legal and illegal settlements. In the high-density settlement, many houses are not liveable and irregular. The densely populated settlements find many houses unfit for habitation and irregular. The research aims to formulate the sustainability level of Urban communities, Lowokwaru District, Malang City using quantitative method through sustainability level calculation. Jatimulyo Urban Communities is measured by the sustainability criteria of density, diversity, mixed-use, and compactness to formulate the related sustainable urban spatial structure. Interpretation of the calculation results references similar research. The calculation result shows that Jatimulyo Urban Communities is included in the moderate sustainability level, where density is moderate (101.1-200 people/ha), has a moderate building density (20-40 buildings/ha), has a random diversity level (1.0) and an entropy index (0.51), and compactness is near perfect inequality (Gini Coefficient 0.99).

scholarly journals Service innovation in case of electromobility

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Feriha Özdemir
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Service Innovation ◽  
City Council ◽  
Emotional Perception ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

Studies show that electromobility will emerge in urban areas. As urban mobility solutions are changing, electromobility is intended with a big potential of sustainable innovation. Nevertheless, changing the mobility culture depends on certain requirements. According to Urri, the automobile development lies in breaking the dominant role of cars which results in a development deadlock. In order to change the mobility culture, the mental approach to mobility options and the infrastructural conditions need to be considered as two central factors. Future mobility isn´t about less mobility, but rather a different way of being mobile and using different types of mobility solutions. This paper presents a research project that is based on the systemic-relational approach. It seeks to develop and introduce the conditions of electromobility in an urban area without a well-frequented local public transport by a networked innovation cooperation in four development areas. The central goal of this work is the integrated development of service innovation of technical and non-technical manner based on the network of project partners, the city council and the university. A change towards electromobility means changing infrastructure, market actors and business models. It signifies a change of social-cultural systems regarding mobility habits, practices and values. One of our main results show that the emotional perception by using experiences of electromobility has a positive effect on its social acceptability which raises the “flow factor” of electromobility.

Global cities could power economic growth

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Global Economic Growth ◽  
Basic Infrastructure ◽  
Funding Gap

Subject The role of cities in global economic growth. Significance Cities, defined as metropolitan areas with over 500,000 inhabitants, are powering global economic growth. However, by 2014 the results were uneven, as the cities with the highest growth lie in developing countries, mainly in China, while many North American and European cities remain trapped in recession. Current urbanisation models are unsustainable in the long term, posing threats to future economic prosperity. Impacts Most large cities' economies are growing faster than their respective countries and will continue doing so. The less wealthy developing urban areas will converge economically with their more developed peers. The existing patterns of urban sprawl in many cities will lead to an increasing funding gap in basic infrastructure. This funding gap could cause the failure of many cities to deliver basic services such as transport.

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