scholarly journals Assessing of soil aggregate stability: the sand-correction and its relevance

2009 ◽  
pp. 29-47
Author(s):  
Andrea Huisz
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Index Formula ◽  
Soil Aggregate Stability ◽  
Mean Weight Diameter ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Organic Matter Addition

Soil structure and changes in its quality caused by Maize stem (1), Wheat straw (2) and Maize stem & wheat straw (3) addition were assessed by three aggregate-stability indices. We observed that the NSI index formula proposed by Six et al. (2000) was nonsensitive to the changes in soil structure caused by the investigated organic matter addition. Furthermore it overestimates the aggregate-stability of the investigated silty sandy loam soil. Therefore we proposed a new modified NSI formula which is sensitive to the questionable treatments and that resulted in a morerealistic NSI data. The most sensitive index to differences of the investigated treatments were the Mean weight diameter (MWD) proposed by van Bavel (1953, in Kemper és Rosneau, 1986).

The role of Ca-organic interactions in soil aggregate stability .II. Field studies with 14C-labeled straw, CaCO3 and CaSO4.2.H2O

Soil Research ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Muneer ◽  
JM Oades
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Soil Aggregate Stability ◽  
Fine Sandy Loam ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Dispersible Clay

Uniformly 14C-labelled straw with or without CaCO3 or CaSO4.2H2O was incubated in a leached, fine sandy loam in the field. The addition of both Ca salts increased the residual 14C in the soil after several months decomposition, CaSO4.2H2O being more effective than CaCO3 in this respect. Addition of the Ca salts decreased the amount of dispersible clay and increased the proportion of particles 50-250 �m diameter. The addition of 14C-labelled wheat straw (with or without CaSO4.2H2O or CaCO3) increased the stability of aggregates >2000 pm diameter. Addition of Ca during decomposition of straw resulted in a synergistic stabilization of aggregates >1 mm. Moreover, the stabilization was prolonged in the presence of Ca.

scholarly journals Effect of crop residues on soil aggregate stability

2008 ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Andrea Huisz ◽  
Tibor Tóth ◽  
Tamás Németh
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Organic Matters ◽  
Soil Aggregate Stability

Soil structure may be improved by adding readily decomposable organic matter. The extent of amelioration depends on the chemical build-up and decomposability of the crop residues. Three different kinds of organic matters were investigated: (1) maize stem, (2) wheat straw, and (3) maize stem& wheat straw. Comparing the aggregate stabilizing effects of the differently decomposable organic matters to each other, the expected maize stem & wheat straw (mw) > maize stem (m) > wheat straw (w) order was proved.

scholarly journals Sludge amendment accelerating reclamation process of reconstructed mining substrates

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Li ◽  
Ningning Yin ◽  
Ruiwei Xu ◽  
Liping Wang ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Soil Reclamation ◽  
Soil Restoration ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Soil Aggregate Stability ◽  
Mining Soil ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Reclamation Process

AbstractWe constructed a mining soil restoration system combining plant, complex substrate and microbe. Sludge was added to reconstructed mine substrates (RMS) to accelerate the reclamation process. The effect of sludge on plant growth, microbial activity, soil aggregate stability, and aggregation-associated soil characteristics was monitored during 10 years of reclamation. Results show that the height and total biomass of ryegrass increases with reclamation time. Sludge amendment increases the aggregate binding agent content and soil aggregate stability. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and light-fraction SOC (LFOC) in the RMS increase by 151% and 247% compared with those of the control, respectively. A similar trend was observed for the glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP). Stable soil aggregate indexes increase until the seventh year. In short, the variables of RMS determined after 3–7 years insignificantly differ from those of the untreated sample in the tenth-year. Furthermore, significant positive correlations between the GRSP and SOC and GRSP and soil structure-related variables were observed in RMS. Biological stimulation of the SOC and GRSP accelerates the recovery of the soil structure and ecosystem function. Consequently, the plant–complex substrate–microbe ecological restoration system can be used as an effective tool in early mining soil reclamation.

Improving aggregate stability and hydraulic properties of Sandy loam soil by applying polyacrylamide polymer

2021 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 104821
Author(s):  
Ammar A. Albalasmeh ◽  
Enas H. Hamdan ◽  
Mamoun A. Gharaibeh ◽  
Ali El Hanandeh
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Loam Soil

scholarly journals Do different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi affect the formation and stability of soil aggregates?

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisângela Viana Barbosa ◽  
Daniela de Fátima Pedroso ◽  
Nilton Curi ◽  
Marco Aurélio Carbone Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Porous Space ◽  
Soil Aggregate Stability ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Soil structure, which is defined by the arrangement of the particles and the porous space forming aggregates, is one of the most important properties of the soil. Among the biological factors that influence the formation and stabilization of soil aggregates, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are distinguished due to extrarradicular hyphae and glomalin production. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate different AMF (Acaulospora colombiana, Acaulospora longula, Acaulospora morrowiae, Paraglomus occultum and Gigaspora margarita) associated with Urochloa brizantha (A. Rich.) Stapf on soil aggregate stability. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design, using an Oxisol and autoclaved sand 2:1 (v/v), with seven treatments: five AMF; and treatments with plants without inoculation and with only the soil, with 5 replicates. The experiment was conducted during 180 days and the following variables were evaluated: mycelium total length (TML); production of easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) in the soil and aggregate classes; stability of the dry and immersed in water aggregates through the mean geometric diameter (MGD) and the mean weighted diameter (MWD) of aggregates; and the soil aggregate stability index (ASI). It was observed that the inoculation favored soil aggregation, with a high incidence of A. colombiana, which presented the highest MGD, TML and GRSP production in the aggregates with Ø>2.0mm and for A. colombiana and A. morrowiae in the aggregates with Ø<0.105 mm, when compared to the treatment without inoculation. These results show that there is a distinction between the effects of different AMF on the formation and stability of soil aggregates.

MINERALIZATION AND REDISTRIBUTION OF CARBON FROM SURFICIAL AND BURIED CORN STALKS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. MOTT ◽  
J. R. DAVENPORT ◽  
R. L. THOMAS
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Carbon Mineralization ◽  
Initial Distribution ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Structural Stabilization ◽  
High Loss ◽  
Carbon Redistribution ◽  
Loam Soil

Although corn (Zea mays L.) stalks contribute to the total quantity of organic material in soil, their direct influence on soil structural stabilization may be small. In a laboratory study 14C-labelled corn stalks were placed on the surface of, or buried at, a 5-cm depth in a sandy loam soil. The soils were incubated at 25 °C for 119 d to determine the extent of organic carbon redistribution. Approximately 70% of the buried stalk carbon and 90% of the surface stalk carbon remained in the soil after incubation. Most of the residual carbon was identifiable as stalk tissue. Less than 5% of the added carbon was intermixed with the soil. Both the lack of C redistribution in the soil and the high loss of the mineralized 14C as CO2 stress the importance of the initial distribution of added organic materials in soils. The results imply that corn stover is a poor source of soil C and that it would be best used as a surface protectant against raindrop impact. Key words: Carbon mineralization, carbon redistribution, corn stalks, soil structure

Stabilization of Soil Aggregates in Relation to Soil Redistribution by Intensive Tillage on a Steep Hillslope

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3566-3571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Zhuang Xiong ◽  
Wu Xian Yan ◽  
Yue Qun Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Soil Aggregate Stability ◽  
Mean Weight Diameter ◽  
Tillage Operation ◽  
Sloping Land ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study was to investigate soil aggregate stability within landscape on hillslopes by intensive tillage. Traditional tillage by consecutive hoeing was performed 5 and 20 times on steeply sloping land of the Sichuan Basin, China, by using the methods of simulated tillage to analyze the impact of long-term tillage on soil aggregates at different slope positions. The dry-sieved method was used to determine distribution of aggregate size in the different landscape positions, and mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) as indices of soil aggregate stability. The different times of tillage resulted in different soil aggregate distributions. The results showed that the MWD and GMD values of aggregates were significantly decreased (p< 0.05) after 20-tillage operation, compared with pre-tillage operation. The differences in distributions of MWD and GMD demonstrate that the choice of the tillage times can be an important factor in changing soil aggregate stability and productivity in steeply sloping fields.

Variety × Nutrient management interaction in greengram for important yield attributes under rainfed red lateritic inceptisol

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Mishra ◽  
B. S. Rath ◽  
S. K. Mukhi ◽  
S. S. Mishra ◽  
S. K. Mohanty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Nutrient Treatment ◽  
Rainfed Upland ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Mean

The effect of five nutrient management practices on the yield and yield attributes, nutrient uptake and rain water use efficiency in four greengram varieties (Dhauli, Pusa-9531, OBGG-52 and Nayagarh Local) in rainfed upland inceptisol with sandy- loam soil was studied in factorial RBD with three replications during Kharif 2009 to 2012. Significant variety × nutrient interaction was observed with respect to seed yield, nodulation and other yield attributing characters. Based on the mean data over four years (2009-2012), highest seed yield of 5.84 q ha-1 was observed in Pusa 9531 with lime+50% organic+ 50% inorganic treatment followed by Dhauli (5.53 q ha-1) with the same nutrient treatment. Highest RWUE was found in Lime + 50% organic + 50% inorganic treatment in all the varieties followed by 100% organic treatment in Dhauli, Pusa-9531 and OBGG-52 but in 50% organic + 50% inorganic treatment in case of Nayagarh Local. The uptake of N, P and K was also observed to be the highest in Lime + 50% organic + 50% inorganic treatment in all the varieties.

Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) germination and emergence as affected by environmental factors and seeding depth

Weed Science ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 903-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason K. Norsworthy ◽  
Marcos J. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Hypocotyl Length ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Temperature Solution ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Effect Of Light

Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effect of light, temperature, solution pH, solution osmotic potential, and oxygen concentration on sicklepod germination and radicle plus hypocotyl elongation and seeding depth on emergence. Scarified, nondormant sicklepod seeds were used for these experiments. Sicklepod germination was not influenced by red or far-red light nor was light required for germination, which averaged 81% over all light treatments. Sicklepod germinated over a range of constant temperatures from 15 to 50 C, with optimum germination between 15 and 30 C. Germination was optimal near pH 6 for temperatures of 15 and 30 C. Germination and radicle plus hypocotyl length decreased with decreasing solution osmotic potential, and no germination occurred at a solution osmotic potential of −0.75 MPa at 15 C during 7 d incubation. Germination was greater at 20% oxygen than at 2% oxygen. The mean emergence depth for sicklepod was 3.3 and 4.6 cm in a highly disturbed sand and sandy loam soil, respectively. Sicklepod emerged from a 10-cm depth in the sandy loam soil, but no emergence occurred in the sand soil at this depth.

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