Validity and repeatability of goniometry in normal horses

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 314-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Adair ◽  
David Levine ◽  
Denis Marcellin-Little
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Altman Plot ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Bland Altman Plot ◽  
Radiographic Measurements ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Metatarsophalangeal Joints ◽  
Flexion And Extension

SummaryPurpose: To assess validity and inter- and intra-tester reliability of equine goniometry and to establish values for carpal, meta -carpophalangeal, tarsal, and metatarsophalangeal flexion and extension in horses.Subjects: Seventeen healthy equine subjects of varied breeds were used.Methods: Three investigators blindly and independently measured in triplicate the extension and flexion of carpal, metacarpo -phalangeal, tarsal, and metatarsophalangeal joints of 17 horses after sedation. Radiographs of these joints in flexion and extension were acquired while under sedation. Goniometric and radiographic measurements were compared statistically and were correlated. A Bland-Altman plot was constructed. Inter- and intra-tester repeatability of goniometry were evaluated by calculating intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Mean flexion and extension of carpal, metacarpo -phalangeal, tarsal, and metatarsophalangeal joints were calculated.Results: Goniometric and radiographic measurements did not differ statistically and were significantly correlated (correlation coefficients ranged from 0.59 - 0.89). The mean difference between goniometric and radiographic measurements was 0.4°. Triplicate measurements collected by the three raters did not differ significantly within raters (ICC ranging from 0.950 - 0.995) and between raters (ICC ranging from 0.942 - 0.989).Conclusion: Goniometry is a valid and repeatable tool for evaluation of the range of motion of carpal, metacarpophalangeal, tarsal, and metatarsophalangeal joints in standing, sedated healthy horses.

Smartphone “Selfies”—A reliable and accurate tool for measuring elbow range of motion

2019 ◽  
pp. 175857321986920
Author(s):  
Maegan N Shields ◽  
Anthony M Vaichinger ◽  
Shawn W O’Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Senior Author ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Elbow Function

Background To determine if self-taken photographs (“selfies”), performed independently after instruction by video or illustrated handout, would be an accurate and reliable tool for capturing elbow range of motion in patients with elbow contractures. Methods Fifty patients presenting with elbow contractures participated in the study. After completion of the selfie, the senior author clinically measured flexion and extension with a goniometer. The angles from the photographs were measured and analyzed. Results The agreement between goniometer and “selfie” measurements correlated closely (R2 = 0.98) and agreement was excellent in both extension and in flexion with intra-class correlation coefficients of 0.95 (95% CI 0.92 to 0.97) in extension with a mean difference of 2° (95% CI −3° to 7°), and 0.93 (95% CI 0.89 to 0.96) in flexion with a mean difference of 4° (95% CI 0° to 8°). Systematic errors were low in extension, 0° (95% CI, ±11°) and in flexion −3° (95% CI, ±10°). Six patients demonstrated ≥10° difference between clinical and selfie measurements. Ability to take a usable selfie was inversely correlated with age (R2 = 0.97). Discussion Self-taken flexion–extension photographs are a reliable and accurate tool for measuring elbow range of motion. Errors in the selfie technique are well tolerated and appear to have a negligible effect upon measurements of motion. This important parameter of elbow function can therefore be obtained outside a normal clinic visit, thereby improving frequency of follow-up assessments (and minimizing loss to follow-up) necessary for quality control and research.

scholarly journals Validity assessment of a portable anthropometer to measure length in 24-month children from the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (15) ◽  
pp. 2711-2716
Author(s):  
Thaynã R Flores ◽  
Andréa D Bertoldi ◽  
Luiza IC Ricardo ◽  
Cauane Blumenberg ◽  
Laísa R Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Altman Plot ◽  
Bland Altman Plot ◽  
Validity Assessment ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to assess the validity of a portable anthropometer against the gold standard among 2-year-old infants from the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort.Design:Birth cohort study.Setting:A fixed Harpenden® infant anthropometer was considered as the gold standard for measuring infant length due to its greater precision and stability. The portable SANNY® (model ES2000) anthropometer was the instrument to be validated. The acceptable mean difference in length between the anthropometers was 0·5 cm. In order to compare length estimates, the interviewers carried out two length measures for each of the anthropometers (fixed and portable) and for each child. The mean of the two lengths was calculated for each anthropometer, and their difference was calculated.Participants:A subsample of 252 24-month-old members of the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort study.Results:Children’s mean age was 23·5 months. According to Bland–Altman plot, there were no differences in overall lengths between the portable and the fixed anthropometers, or in lengths according to sex. There was a high overall concordance between the length estimates of the fixed and portable anthropometers (ρ = 0·94; 95 % CI 0·92, 0·95).Conclusions:The portable anthropometer proved to be accurate to measure the length of 24-month-old infants, being applicable to studies using the same standardised protocol used in the present study.

P1474Simpsons Triplane versus Biplane for left ventricle ejection fraction after myocardial infarction

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Bras ◽  
C Reis ◽  
M J Andrade ◽  
R Ribeiras ◽  
M Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Past History ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
Altman Plot ◽  
Bland Altman Plot

Abstract Introduction Simpson's biplane (SBP) ignores the apical long-axis plane. It is estimated that 40% of myocardial infarction (MI)-related segmental abnormalities are located in this plane. The real-time triplane (RT3P) overcomes this issue, allowing to obtain all apical views simultaneously, at the same cardiac cycle. This method could be a more precise and reliable alternative to SBP in ejection fraction (EF) quantification in this setting. Purpose The authors aimed to compare EF assessed by two quantification methods, SBP and RT3P, using quantitative three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) as the reference method, in patients with MI. Methods We have prospectively gathered data from 52 adult patients, which had recent or past history of MI. Exclusion criteria were the presence of atrial fibrillation, unknown coronary anatomy, significant valvular disease, left branch block, ventricular pacing and poor definition of endocardial borders. Estimation of EF by SBP, RT3P and 3DE was performed in all patients and gathered by two experienced operators. The two operators were blinded for the coronary angiography results before volume quantification. They were also blinded for their own measurements, as well as for the other operator's measurements. Spearman's correlation and linear regression were performed for correlation analysis. Bland-Altman plot was used for agreement assessment among the different methods. Interobserver agreement was assessed by Cohen's kappa. Results Patient characteristics are shown in table 1. EF calculation was feasible in all patients. There were excellent correlations between EF measured by SBP vs 3DE and RT3P vs 3DE (r=0.813 and r=0.9 respectively). Test of equality between two correlation coefficients confirmed that EF by RT3P method is significantly more correlated with the reference method, compared with EF by SBP (p=0.004). We have also performed a further analysis to study this results in special subsets. In anterior MI subset, EF by RT3P correlated by 0.909 with 3DE, versus 0.826 from EF by SBP (p=0.019). In inferior MI subset, EF by RT3P correlated by 0.779 with the reference method, versus 0.706 from EF by SBP (p=0.246). Fig 1 Correlation and Bland-Altman plot Conclusions Estimation of EF using SBP and RT3P methods by experienced operators strongly correlate with EF determined by 3DE. The RT3P method showed the strongest correlation between the two methods, which may point to its usefulness in the evaluation of EF in patients with anterior wall motion abnormalities after myocardial infarction.

scholarly journals Early Clinical Results of Arthroscopically Assisted Drilling via the Radius in a Distal-to-Proximal Direction for Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Elbow

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 232596711986893
Author(s):  
Yuji Arai ◽  
Kunio Hara ◽  
Hiroaki Inoue ◽  
Ginjiro Minami ◽  
Yoshikazu Kida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Osteochondritis Dissecans ◽  
Japanese Orthopaedic Association ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Functional Scores ◽  
Arthroscopically Assisted ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Background: We have previously reported the technique of arthroscopically assisted drilling of osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesions of the elbow via the radius in a distal-to-proximal direction. With this technique, the entire OCD lesion can be drilled vertically under arthroscopic guidance with pronation and supination of the forearm and flexion and extension of the elbow joint. Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate return to sport, range of motion, and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association–Japan Elbow Society Elbow Function Score (JOA-JES score) after treatment of an elbow OCD lesion by drilling through the radius. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: From November 2003 to January 2006, a total of 7 male adolescent baseball players with OCD lesions of the elbow were treated through use of arthroscopically assisted drilling via the radius. The stage of the OCD lesion was evaluated based on preoperative plain radiographs. Patients were observed for a minimum of 36 months, and clinical analysis included time for return to sport, elbow range of motion, and the JOA-JES score before intervention and at final follow-up. Results: We evaluated all 7 patients at a mean follow-up time of 36.1 months (range, 24-68 months). The stage of the OCD lesion on plain radiography was “translucent” in 1 patient, “sclerotic” in 5 patients, and “loosening” in 1 patient. The mean range of motion before surgery was 131.2° and –4.7° in flexion and extension, respectively, and this improved to 138.6° and 1.1° at final follow-up. The improvement in extension was statistically significant ( P = .04). The mean JOA-JES score of 83.0 before surgery significantly improved to 94.0 at final follow-up ( P < .001). One patient required excision of a free body at 51 months postoperatively, but all patients returned to sports early and without pain at an average of 4.6 months postoperatively. No feature of osteoarthrosis was noted on radiography on the final examination in any patient. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that arthroscopically assisted drilling of an elbow OCD lesion through the radial head allows for early return to sporting activities as well as improved motion and functional scores.

Quantitating Dialysis using two Dialysate Samples: A Simple, Practical and Accurate Approach for Evaluating Urea Kinetics

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 422-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S.C. Raj ◽  
S. Tobe ◽  
C. Saiphoo ◽  
M.A. Manuel
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Recent Analysis ◽  
Altman Plot ◽  
Bland Altman Plot ◽  
Dialysate Flow ◽  
Dialysate Flow Rate ◽  
Urea Kinetics

Urea kinetics is now widely used to determine the adequacy of dialysis. Several simplified formulae are currently in use but only a few have been accepted into clinical practice because of their simplicity and ease of calculation. A recent analysis of these formulae showed that for the same set of blood urea values the calculated Kt/V can range from 1.0 to 1.5. We have developed a new dialysate-based method (2DSM) to estimate the urea kinetic parameters using dialysate and blood samples taken at the beginning and at the end of dialysis. The total urea removed (TUR) was calculated from the geometric mean of the two dialysate samples, dialysate flow rate and the duration of dialysis. The Watson formula was used to determine the volume of distribution of urea. A comparison of the 2DSM and the direct dialysate quantification (DDQ) method showed the following results (mean ± sd, n = 52): for total urea removal (TUR) 697 ± 32 vs 722 ± 37 mmol (p = 0.6, r2 = 0.928, y = 101 + 0.83 ×, mean difference 25 ± 76 mmol, see Bland-Altman plot), dialysate urea concentration (Durea) 5.55 ± 0.25 vs 5.75 ± 0.29 mmol/l (p = 0.6, r2 = 0.928, y = 0.8 + 0.82 x, mean difference 0.2 ± 0.6 mmol, see Bland-Altman plot), dialyser clearance (K) 232 ± 4.4 vs 235 ± 5.6 ml/min (p - 0.54), Kt/V 1.42 ± 0.04 vs 1.51 ± 0.04 (p = 0.21), volume of distribution of urea (Vd) 40.14 ± 1.04 vs 38.74 ± 1.2 L, (p = 0.38), and PCR 64.6 ± 2.6 vs 68.1 ± 3.1 g/day. We have developed a simple method of determining dialysate-based urea kinetics which requires two dialysate samples, one at the beginning and one at the end of dialysis and a blood sample at the midpoint of dialysis. TUR can be calculated using the dialysate flow rate and the dialysis duration and once this is known all the other kinetic parameters can be calculated.

scholarly journals Impact of dynamic alignment, motion, and center of rotation on myelopathy grade and regional disability in cervical spondylotic myelopathy

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 690-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shian Liu ◽  
Renaud Lafage ◽  
Justin S. Smith ◽  
Themistocles S. Protopsaltis ◽  
Virginie C. Lafage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy ◽  
Dynamic Motion ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Focal Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Neck Disability ◽  
Flexion And Extension

OBJECT Cervical stenosis is a defining feature of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). Matsunaga et al. proposed that elements of stenosis are both static and dynamic, where the dynamic elements magnify the canal deformation of the static state. For the current study, the authors hypothesized that dynamic changes may be associated with myelopathy severity and neck disability. This goal of this study was to present novel methods of dynamic motion analysis in CSM. METHODS A post hoc analysis was performed of a prospective, multicenter database of patients with CSM from the AOSpine North American study. One hundred ten patients (34%) met inclusion criteria, which were symptomatic CSM, age over 18 years, baseline flexion/extension radiographs, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) questionnaires (modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association [mJOA] score, Neck Disability Index [NDI], the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Physical Component Score [SF-36 PCS], and Nurick grade). The mean age was 56.9 ± 12 years, and 42% of patients were women (n = 46). Correlations with HRQOL measures were analyzed for regional (cervical lordosis and cervical sagittal vertical axis) and focal parameters (kyphosis and spondylolisthesis between adjacent vertebrae) in flexion and extension. Baseline dynamic parameters (flexion/extension cone relative to a fixed C-7, center of rotation [COR], and range of motion arc relative to the COR) were also analyzed for correlations with HRQOL measures. RESULTS At baseline, the mean HRQOL measures demonstrated disability and the mean radiographic parameters demonstrated sagittal malalignment. Among regional parameters, there was a significant correlation between decreased neck flexion (increased C2–7 angle in flexion) and worse Nurick grade (R = 0.189, p = 0.048), with no significant correlations in extension. Focal parameters, including increased C-7 sagittal translation overT-1 (slip), were significantly correlated with greater myelopathy severity (mJOA score, Flexion R = −0.377, p = 0.003; mJOA score, Extension R = −0.261, p = 0.027). Sagittal slip at C-2 and C-4 also correlated with worse HRQOL measures. Reduced flexion/extension motion cones, a more posterior COR, and smaller range of motion correlated with worse general health SF-36 PCS and Nurick grade. CONCLUSIONS Dynamic motion analysis may play an important role in understanding CSM. Focal parameters demonstrated a significant correlation with worse HRQOL measures, especially increased C-7 sagittal slip in flexion and extension. Novel methods of motion analysis demonstrating reduced motion cones correlated with worse myelopathy grades. More posterior COR and smaller range of motion were both correlated with worse general health scores (SF-36 PCS and Nurick grade). To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate correlation of dynamic motion and listhesis with disability and myelopathy in CSM.

Effect of manual eyelid manipulation on intraocular pressure measurement by rebound tonometry

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (11) ◽  
pp. 1515-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Uk Baek ◽  
Ahnul Ha ◽  
Young Kook Kim ◽  
Jin Wook Jeoung ◽  
Ki Ho Park
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Palpebral Fissure ◽  
Altman Plot ◽  
Bland Altman Plot ◽  
Rebound Tonometry ◽  
The Mean

Background/aimsTo investigate the effect of eyelid manipulation on the measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) using two different tonometries (rebound tonometry (RT) vs Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT)).Methods103 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma were prospectively enrolled. For all of the patients, IOP measurements were performed in three different ways: (1) RT with lid manipulation (LM), (2) RT without LM and (3) GAT. The order of the three measurements was randomly selected. Additionally, the palpebral fissure height (PFH; elliptical space between upper and lower eyelids) was measured.ResultsThe mean value of IOP measured by GAT was 13.97±2.80 mm Hg, which was not significantly different from that by RT without LM (13.75±2.44 mm Hg; P=0.096), but which was significantly lower than that by RT with LM (15.21±2.91 mm Hg; P<0.001). On a Bland-Altman plot, RT with LM was overestimated relative to GAT (mean: −1.5) and RT without LM (mean: −1.2). Among the high IOPs (>20 mm Hg), interestingly, those measured by RT without LM were significantly lower than those measured by GAT (P<0.001). In the subgroup analysis of PFH, the smaller the PFH, the more exaggerated the IOP difference between GAT (P=0.014) and RT with LM (P<0.001).ConclusionRT-measured IOP was significantly exaggerated when manipulation was applied to the eyelid. This overall trend was more pronounced when PFH was small. GAT-measured IOP, meanwhile, showed a good correlation with IOP measured using RT without LM.

scholarly journals Methodological Criteria for Scoring Clustering and Switching in Verbal Fluency Tasks

Psico-USF ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Becker ◽  
Jerusa Fumagalli de Salles
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Cluster Size ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
Neuropsychological Function ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The objective of this study was to describe an adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese of the methodological criteria for analysis of clustering and switching in semantic verbal fluency (SVF) and phonemic verbal fluency (PVF) tasks. The adaptation process consisted of six steps, including the selection of the clustering and switching variables based on data from a sample of 419 children and the analysis of inter-rater reliability (six raters). The following variables were scored: the total number of words generated the raw number of clusters, the mean cluster size, and the raw number of switches. There was a significant association between raters (intra-class correlation coefficients between 0.95 and 0.99), showing that the analytical method was reliable. Our study provides an evaluation of SVF and PVF tasks that goes beyond the overall score, making it possible to investigate the cognitive processes underlying this neuropsychological function.

scholarly journals P900 The Heart Model: Automated LVEF calculation in the real world

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Dhunnoo ◽  
A Mills ◽  
E F Lloyd ◽  
A Sabra ◽  
A Margulescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Heart Model ◽  
Altman Plot ◽  
Endocardial Border ◽  
Independent Observer ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Bland Altman Plot ◽  
Chamber View

Abstract Background Heart Model (HM) is a proprietary, model-based algorithm for measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in a 3D dataset acquired from an apical 4-chamber view by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). There is evidence for superior reproducibility compared to 2D echo methods for LVEF measurement. Objective To assess the correlation of LVEF by HM with conventional, 2D LVEF methods. Methods All TTEs performed between 04-08/02/2019 by 2 HM-trained sonographers were included. Demographic characteristics, indication for TTE, LVEF by Simpson"s (LVEF_S), by "eyeballing" (LVEF_EB) and by HM (LVEF_HM), were recorded; LVEF for each study was also estimated by eye-balling by an experienced observer unaware of the reported LVEF (LVEF_IND). We compared LVEF by each method, their reciprocal correlations and their correlation with LVEF_HM. Image quality was rated excellent (endocardial border visible for all segments in the 3 apical views), good (&lt; 1 segment was not visible / view), adequate (&lt; 3 segments were not visible) and limited (&lt;4 segments were not visible). Indications for TTE were: assessment of LVEF in 1/3 of the studies, murmurs in 1/5, and other indications in the rest. Results We included 74 patients (42 M, mean age (SD) 69.8(13.9), range 18-92 years). Forty-nine (66%) patients were in sinus rhythm, 23 (31%) were in AF, and the rest were in various paced rhythms. Fifty patients (68%) had excellent, good or adequate images. The EFs calculated by different methods are shown in the Table (p &gt; 0.05 for all), an the Bland Altman plot (LVEF_EB vs HM) in the figure. LVEF_HM correlated modestly with the other methods if all studies were included (r = 0.535 LVEF_HM vs. LVEF_EB); the correlation improved if only good-quality studies were included (r = 0.769, p &lt; 0.001 for both). All combinations of LVEF_IND, LVEF_EB and LVEF_S had correlation coefficients &gt;0.93. Conclusions The Heart Model algorithm for LVEF measurement correlates well with traditional 2D methods in patients with good endocardial border definition, where its use can potentially improve reproducibility and reduce exam duration. LVEF by method (good-quality studies) N = 50 Simpson"s Eyeballing HeartModel Independent Mean(%) 48.6 48.9 50.9 48.8 SD(%) 17.8 16.6 14.9 15.7 Median(%) 54.5 52.5 53 50 Range(%) 16-74 17.5-72.5 19-88 15-75 SD - standard deviation Independent - LVEF estimate (eyeballing) by independent observer unaware of reported EFs. LVEF_EB was chosen as it was available inall the reports. Abstract P900 Figure. Bland Altman Plot (LVEF_EB vs LVEF_HM)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document