scholarly journals Endodontic Disinfection for Orthograde Root Canal Treatment in Veterinary Dentistry

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Laura Sasser
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canal Therapy ◽  
Complex Anatomy ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Necrotic Debris

Pulp debridement and disinfection in the pulp cavity is a critical step in achieving a successful root canal therapy. Microorganisms remaining in the root canal system after endodontic treatment are a main cause of root canal failure. The challenges faced in endodontic disinfection include the complex anatomy of the root canal system, the existence of a biofilm within the root canal, and the creation of a problematic smear layer during instrumentation of the canal. Historically, sodium hypochlorite and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid have been utilized as irrigants and still remain as the most effective disinfectants due to their synergistic abilities to eradicate microorganisms, dissolve necrotic debris, and remove the smear layer and biofilm. This article addresses challenges in endodontic disinfection, objectives of endodontic irrigants, properties of an ideal irrigant, currently used irrigants, and irrigant delivery systems utilized in veterinary dentistry.

scholarly journals A Review Over Benefits and Drawbacks of Combining Sodium Hypochlorite with Other Endodontic Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 661-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahed Mohammadi ◽  
Sousan Shalavi ◽  
Amir Moeintaghavi ◽  
Hamid Jafarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canal Irrigants ◽  
Irrigation Solution ◽  
Root Canal System

Introduction:As the root canal system considered to be complex and unpredictable, using root canal irrigants and medicaments are essential in order to enhance the disinfection of the canal. Sodium hypochlorite is the most common irrigant in endodontics. Despite its excellent antimicrobial activity and tissue solubility, sodium hypochlorite lacks some important properties such as substantivity and smear layer removing ability.Objective:The aim of this review was to address benefits and drawbacks of combining sodium hypochlorite with other root canal irrigants and medicaments.Discussion:According to the reviewed articles, NaOCl is the most common irrigation solution in endodontics. However, it has some drawbacks such as inability to remove smear layer. One of the drawbacks of NaOCl is its inability to remove the smear layer and lack of substantivity.Conclusion:The adjunctive use of other materials has been suggested to improve NaOCl efficacy. Nevertheless, further studies are required in this field.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT OF CHRONIC APICAL PERIODONTITIS ON THE BASIS OF DENSITOMETRIC AND MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH METHODS

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Лариса Герасимова ◽  
Larisa Gerasimova ◽  
Алина Юсупова ◽  
Alina Yusupova ◽  
Ирина Усманова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diode Laser ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Complex Anatomy ◽  
Group I ◽  
Root Canal System

Relevanct of the research topic. One of the possible causes of apical periodontitis is the infectious inflammatory process of the periapical periodontal tissues. The microflora of the root canal system is represented by various microorganisms, among which streptococci, enterococci and staphylococci most often prevail. The complex anatomy of the root canal system ensures the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, and the endodontic treatment does not always contribute to their qualitative and quantitative reduction. Purpose ― study of the effectiveness of endodontic treatment of chronic apical periodontitis in the near and long term. Methods. We observed 110 patients aged 20 to 30 years with apical periodontitis, bone density analysis and microbiological examination of the contents of the root canal. Depending on the obtained clinical and laboratory data, the patients were divided into two clinical groups: in group I endodontic treatment of 55 teeth was carried out according to the scheme developed by us; in group II — 55 teeth using the standard method of treatment. Results. In endodontic treatment of chronic apical periodontitis, treatment of the root canal system with a diode laser promotes better decontamination of the microflora. Coal mining introduction into the root canal system and in the region of the transition folds of the platelet autoplasma leads to an increase of the reparative process in the periapical region (p≤0.05). Summary. The inclusion in the Protocol of endodontic treatment of apical periodontitis of treatment of the root canal system with a diode laser and injection of platelet autoplasm is a more effective method of treatment in comparison with the traditional one.

scholarly journals Consideration of the Therapeutic Potential of Irrigants in Endodontic Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dajana Nogo-Zivanovic ◽  
Ljiljana Bjelovic ◽  
Vladimir Ivanovic ◽  
Tatjana Kanjevac ◽  
Irena Tanaskovic
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection

AbstractThe main objective of endodontic treatment is to remove vital and necrotic remnants of pulp tissue and microorganisms and their toxic products from the root canal. During chemo-mechanical endodontic preparation, a smear layer is formed on the wall of the canals. Due to an inability to remove all tissue remnants and the smear layer from the root canal by mechanical instrumentation, it is necessary to use irrigation to ensure sufficient cleaning and disinfection of the largest part of the root canalicular system. The most commonly used irrigants are sodium hypochlorite (Na-OCl), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), citric acid and chlorhexidine (CHX). Recently, the irrigants QMix and MTAD have been introduced to the market. They are a mixture of different components having antimicrobial, organolytic and mineralytic effects on canal detritus and the smear layer. This review article investigates irrigants in terms of the nature of their effect, their efficiency, optimal concentration, and method of use, and the interactions between the irrigants most commonly used in endodontic therapy are discussed, with special emphasis on QMix and MTAD.

scholarly journals Root Canal Treatment of a Mandibular Second Molar with a Reverse Anatomy

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-99
Author(s):  
Kishore Kumar Majety ◽  
Ramesh Giriyappa Halebathi ◽  
Bhavana Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
Internal Anatomy ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canal Therapy ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Complex Anatomy ◽  
Mandibular Second Molar ◽  
Root Canal System

ABSTRACT The complex anatomy of the root canal system takes up many configurations and variations are not uncommon. A clinician should be aware of the normal, so as to recognize these aberrations in the anatomy. Successful root canal therapy is achieved by thorough shaping and cleaning of the root canal system followed by obturation of the radicular space. The aim of the present article is to describe a case of a mandibular second molar with an unusual anatomy of having a single mesial canal and two distal canals which is in reverse to usually seen, encountered during routine endodontic treatment. The clinician should always keep in mind that anatomic aberrations can occur in any tooth and the recognition of these is achieved by thorough examination of the internal anatomy of the tooth and its radiographs. How to cite this article Giriyappa RH, Majety KK, Gandhi B. Root Canal Treatment of a Mandibular Second Molar with a Reverse Anatomy. World J Dent 2012;3(1):97-99.

scholarly journals Root canal debridement efficacy of heated sodium hypochlorite in conjunction with passive ultrasonic agitation: An ex vivo study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-238
Author(s):  
Yogesh Damade ◽  
Ramchandra Kabir ◽  
Sunanda Gaddalay ◽  
Sharvaree Deshpande ◽  
Sonali Gite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Ultrasonic Agitation ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Root Canal Instrumentation ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

Background. This study aimed to investigate the endodontic debridement efficacy of different sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigation regimens with and without ultrasonic agitation, followed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after using a rotary instrumentation system. Methods. Mandibular premolars (n=50) were randomly divided into five experimental groups (n=10) for root canal instrumentation with ProTaper Universal rotary system up to F3. The root canal system was treated with intracanal-heated NaOCl (100°C) or preheated NaOCl (55°C), followed by ultrasonic agitation and EDTA treatment. Samples irrigated with conventional needle irrigation (CNI) using normal saline solution were used as controls. Debridement efficacy was analyzed by SEM. A five-point scale was used to estimate the presence/absence of debris for each canal segment (coronal, middle, and apical). The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests (P<0.05). Results. The experimental groups exhibited less debris compared to CNI with saline (P<0.05). The amount of debris decreased significantly for the group with NaOCl intracanal heating compared to extraoral heating. Ultrasonic agitation further enhanced the root canal debridement efficacy of NaOCl. Conclusion. In summary, intracanal heating of NaOCl with and without ultrasonic agitation followed by EDTA appears to be a promising method to flush debris from the root canal system.

scholarly journals Inspection of the Microbiota in Endodontic Lesions

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Dioguardi ◽  
Giovanni Di Gioia ◽  
Gaetano Illuzzi ◽  
Claudia Arena ◽  
Vito Carlo Alberto Caponio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Root Canal System

The primary objective of endodontic therapy is to create a biologically acceptable environment within the root canal system that allows for the healing and maintenance of the health of the peri-radicular tissue. Bacteria are one of the main causes of pulp problems, and they have different methods of penetrating and invading the endodontic space such as through carious lesions, traumatic pulp exposures, and fractures. The types of bacteria found range from facultative anaerobes to aerobes, up to the most resistant species able to survive in nutrient-free environments; the bacterial species Enterococcus faecalis belongs to this last group. Enterococcus faecalis is considered one of the main causes of recurring apical periodontal lesions following endodontic treatment, with persistent lesions occurring even after re-treatment. The review presented in this paper was performed in accordance with the PRISMA protocol and covers articles from the related scientific literature that were sourced from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using the following terms as keywords: “endodontic treatment”, “endodontic bacteria”, “microbial endodontic”, and “endodontic failure”. Only the articles considered most relevant for the purposes of this paper were read in full and taken into consideration for the following review. The results show that Enterococcus faecalis, Actinomycetes, and Propionibacterium propionicum are the species most frequently involved in persistent radicular and extra-radicular infections.

scholarly journals An Insight into Anatomical Variations in Maxillary Molars: A Case Series

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-78
Author(s):  
Manisha Nepal ◽  
Vanita Gautam ◽  
Snigdha Shubham ◽  
Rupam Tripathi ◽  
Rinku Sah
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Complex Anatomy ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Insight Into

The aim of this article is to show different anatomic complexities of the root canal system related to maxillary molars. Maxillary molars are presumed to have only three roots with three canals but this is not always the case, it might present with different variations. Some of the anatomical variations such as, mesiobuccal2 (MB2) canals in maxillary 1st and 2nd molars, two rooted maxillary 1st and 2nd molar, one rooted maxillary 2nd molar, C-shaped upper 2nd molar and maxillary 2nd molar with extra palatal root are reported in this case series. Hence, in treating each tooth every dentist must keep foresight that complex anatomy occurs often enough to be considered normal and manage them accordingly.

scholarly journals Effect of QMix irrigant in removal of smear layer in root canal system: a systematic review of in vitro studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Soo Yee Chia ◽  
Abhishek Parolia ◽  
Benjamin Syek Hur Lim ◽  
Jayakumar Jayaraman ◽  
Isabel Cristina Celerino de Moraes Porto
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Canal System ◽  
System A ◽  
Root Canal System

scholarly journals FREQUENT PROCEDURAL ERRORS AND STRUCTURAL COMPLICATIONS ON ENDODONTICAL TREATED TEETH

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Sanziana Adina Scarlatescu ◽  
◽  
Irina Gheorghiu ◽  
George Nicola ◽  
Andrei O. Al Aloul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Hard Tissues ◽  
Root Canal System

The objectives of root canal treatment are to prevent the apical parodontitis, to heal the acute or cronic apical periodontits and to maintain the results, keeping the teeth on the arch in a functional stage. Thus, accuratelly elimination of soft and hard tissues (cleaning and shaping of the root canal system), disinfection and complete, homogeneous and tridimensional filling of the root canal system are very important to successful endodontic treatment. Modern concepts in endodontic treatment rely on technological progress and therefore many cases are successfully fulfilled, but the practitioner may be put in front of procedural erorrs both during and after endodontic treatment. Apical blockage, ledging, zipping, stripping, perforations in the floor of the pulp canal chamber or root canals perforations are the most common errors, but in many clinical situations they can be prevented and even surpassed once happened.

scholarly journals Endodontic treatment of mandibular canine with two canals

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
Dajana Nogo-Živanović ◽  
Dragan Ivanović ◽  
Tanja Ivanović ◽  
Marina Radanović ◽  
Biljana Vasiljević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canal Therapy ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Mandibular Canine ◽  
Low Incidence

Introduction. Success in endodontic treatment depends upon the clinician's knowledge and ability to recognize and diagnose the presence of anatomical and morphological variations of the root and canal system. Mandibular canines are usually recognized as having one root and one root canal. In spite of the low incidence of mandibular canines with one root and two canals, their appearance should not be neglected due to the fact that the presence of a second canal in these teeth leads to difficulties in endodontic treatment. The aim of this case report is to describe mandibular canine with two root canals. Case presentation. 45-year-old patient presented for medical care due to the pain in a lower right canine. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed composite filling and caries with periapical radiolucent area and sensitivity to percussion in the mandibular right canine. By careful evaluation of the diagnostic radiology, it was observed that the mandibular canine had two canals. The patient was diagnosed with acute apical periodontitis and root canal therapy was given following the standard protocols. Conclusion. Although the prevalence of two canals in mandibular canine is low, the clinician should always be mindful of variations in the number of canals for appropriate therapeutic management.

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