Efficacy of ultrasonic and Er:YAG laser activated EDTA irrigation in removing bacteria from ex vivo root canal system

Background: Enhancement of the temperature of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution would increase its cleaning potential and decontamination of the root canal system. Therefore, the aim of the present in vitro investigation was to compare the efficacy of different methods of NaOCl heating by evaluating the temperature profiles developed at different levels of the root canal system. Methods: Five thermocouples were applied at different levels of the root canal system of extracted human premolars. NaOCl solution was heated according to two methods: extraoral heating (50 °C, 60 °C, and 70 °C) using a magnetic hotplate heater and intracanal heating by F-06, XF-30/04, and ML-12 pluggers at 100 °C, 150 °C, and 180 °C. Results: The extraoral heating method was ineffective to produce a significant temperature increase at the root apex. Comparable results were obtained using the intracanal heating method through the ML-12 plugger that showed slightly better results only when set at 180 °C. On the other hand, negligible differences were observed in terms of temperature maintenance at several levels of the root between the F-06 and XF-30/04 pluggers, even though the time intervals were higher in case of XF-30/04. Conclusions: The intracanal heating method provided a better temperature persistence in the middle third of the root canal system. Conversely, extraoral heating was ineffective to produce a significant temperature increase at the apex of the root. Comparable results were obtained even using the ML-12 plugger.

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Photoactivated disinfection (PAD) of dental root canal system – An ex-vivo study

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.01.013 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 122-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Dennis Mohan ◽

Sunith Maruthingal ◽

Rajamani Indira ◽

Darshan Devang Divakar ◽

Abdulaziz Abdullah Al Kheraif ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Canal System ◽

Root Canal System ◽

Ex Vivo Study

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COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY OF CHLOROQUICKONE STEP IRRIGATING SOLUTION AND CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE SOLUTION ON E. FAECALIS IN ROOT CANAL SYSTEM OF PRIMARY MOLARS: A RANDOMISED EX VIVO STUDY.

10.36106/ijsr/0615389 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Shah Paridhi S ◽

Dave Bhavna H

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽

Canal System ◽

Qrt Pcr ◽

Group I ◽

Colony Forming Units ◽

Root Canal System ◽

Group Ii ◽

Ex Vivo Study

Background: Microorganisms and their by-products are considered to be primary etiologic agents in endodontic diseases. Mechanical preparation is the principal mode of reducing the bacterial population in the root canal system, smear layer is still left on the root canal wall. Hence, irrigation of root canal allows for cleaning beyond what might be achieved by root canal instrumentation allows. Aim: To evaluate and compare antibacterial efficacy of Chloroquick- one step irrigating solution and 2% Chlorhexidine Gluconate on E. faecalis in primary molars by Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) study. Methodology: 40 children between age 4-7 years were included in this ex- vivo study based on selection criteria. In Group I (n=20) irrigation was done with chloroquick and normal saline and in Group II (n=20) irrigation was done with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and normal saline. Pre- and post-irrigation samples were collected using sterile paper points and transferred into transporting medium in Eppendorf tube and sent for qRT-PCR analysis. Results: On intra-group comparison, in Group I a statistically significant reduction in E. Faecalis (colony forming units/ml) count post-irrigation was found (p=0.0130). While for Group II, there was no statistically significant reduction in E. Faecalis (colony forming units/ml) count post-irrigation (p=0.8180). On inter-group comparison between, Group I showed statistically significant reduction in E. Faecalis (colony forming units/ml) count as compared to Group II (p=0.0110) Conclusion: In the present study, continuous soft chelating irrigation protocol has shown promising results for reduction of microbial load from the root canal system of primary teeth

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Effect of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation on Enterococcus faecalis from Root Canals: An Ex Vivo Study

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201300022 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 342-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru ◽

Gisselle Moraima Chávez-Andrade ◽

Norberto Batista de Faria-Júnior ◽

Evandro Watanabe ◽

Mário Tanomaru-Filho

Keyword(s):

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Root Canal ◽

Saline Solution ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Canal System ◽

Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Root Canal System

Endodontic irrigation aims to clean and disinfect the root canal system. Passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) is based on the use of an ultrasound-activated instrument into the root canal filled with irrigant. The aim of this study was to evaluate, ex vivo, the effectiveness of PUI in eliminating <italic>Enterococcus faecalis</italic> from root canals. Seventy-five extracted human single-root teeth were used. After root canal preparation, specimens were inoculated with <italic>E. faecalis</italic> and incubated at 37 °C for 21 days. Specimens were distributed into five groups (n=15), according to the irrigation method: PUI + saline solution (PUI/SS); PUI + 1% NaOCl (PUI/NaOCl); conventional needle irrigation (CNI) + saline solution (CNI/SS); CNI + 1% NaOCl (CNI/NaOCl); No irrigation (control). Microbiological samples were collected at three time points: initial (21 days after inoculation), post-irrigation (immediately after irrigation), and final (7 days after irrigation). Data were obtained in CFU mL-1 and subjected to analysis by ANOVA and Tukey's tests at 5% significance level. The post-irrigation samples did not demonstrate statistical difference between PUI/SS and CNI/SS nor between PUI/NaOCl and CNI/NaOCl (p>0.05), but PUI/NaOCl and CNI/NaOCl had lower CFU mL-1 number than the other groups (p>0.05). Statistically significant difference was observed between the initial and post-irrigation samples and between the post-irrigation and final samples (p<0.05) in all groups, except in the control. The final samples of all groups presented bacterial counts similar to the initial samples. PUI or CNI with 1% NaOCl contribute to disinfection, but are unable to eradicate <italic>E. faecalis</italic> from the root canal system.

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Influence of Er: YAG laser irradiation on apical sealing of four different sealers

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/s0103-64402004000300005 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 190-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Isabel Mello ◽

Carlos Roberto Colombo Robazza ◽

João Humberto Antoniazzi

Keyword(s):

Laser Irradiation ◽

Root Canal ◽

Er:Yag Laser ◽

Close Contact ◽

Smear Layer ◽

Canal System ◽

Layer Removal ◽

Sealing Material ◽

Ah Plus ◽

Root Canal System

The sealing of the root canal system is of fundamental importance for successful endodontic treatment. To obtain an adequate apical seal, many factors must be considered such as the presence of smear layer and the sealer applied. After canal preparation, this layer must be removed because it prevents close contact between the dentinal walls and the sealing material. The goal of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of four different sealers after smear layer removal with either 17% EDTA-T irrigation or Er:YAG laser irradiation of 46 teeth. The canals were sealed with four different sealers: Sealapex, Ketac Endo, AH Plus and N-Rickert. The method for smear layer removal did not influence apical sealing. AH Plus and N-Rickert allowed less dye leakage when compared to Sealapex and Ketac Endo.

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Effect of Er:YAG laser-activated irrigation on dentine debris removal from different parts of the root canal system: An in vitro study

Dental and Medical Problems ◽

10.17219/dmp/85709 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 133-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rami Zen Aldeen ◽

Ossama Aljabban ◽

Hussam Milly ◽

Amro Allouch ◽

Omar Hamadah

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Er:Yag Laser ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Canal System ◽

Debris Removal ◽

Root Canal System ◽

Different Parts

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Novel sweeps technology in endodontics — A review

IP Indian Journal of Conservative and Endodontics ◽

10.18231/j.ijce.2021.030 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 134-142

Author(s):

Uppalapati Vishwaja ◽

Sindhuja Panthangi ◽

Chavva Lakshmi Charan Reddy ◽

Mattapudi Basavaiah Babu ◽

Srivalli Podili

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Er:Yag Laser ◽

Single Pulse ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Canal System ◽

Distinct Solution ◽

Root Canal System ◽

Streaming Technology ◽

Laser Devices ◽

Dental Laser

A novel SWEEPS® Er:YAG laser modality was recently introduced with the purpose of improving the disinfecting and activating efficacy of SSP laser assisted endodontic procedures by permitting the generation of primary and secondary shock waves throughout the complicated root canal system. The SWEEPS method greatly improves the efficacy of removing debris and medications from the root canal system. In the most current Er:YAG dental laser devices, the complimentary combination of SSP and SWEEPS® technology constitutes a distinct solution for modern endodontics. The aim of this review is to: (i) Offer the most relevant data on a novel SWEEPS (shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming) technology, its relative advantages, with an emphasis on single-pulse SSP laser-assisted irrigation and dual pulse SWEEPS technology; (ii) Provide recommendations for the use of SWEEPS technology in Endodontics based on current evidence; (iii) Highlight the areas in which more research is required.

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An Ex Vivo Study of Root Canal System Configuration and Morphology of 115 Maxillary First Premolars

Journal of Endodontics ◽

10.1016/j.joen.2020.03.001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (6) ◽

pp. 794-800 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thomas Gerhard Wolf ◽

Christoph Kozaczek ◽

Mark Siegrist ◽

Madlena Betthäuser ◽

Frank Paqué ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

System Configuration ◽

Canal System ◽

Root Canal System ◽

Ex Vivo Study

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Root canal debridement efficacy of heated sodium hypochlorite in conjunction with passive ultrasonic agitation: An ex vivo study

Journal of Dental Research Dental Clinics Dental Prospects ◽

10.34172/joddd.2020.040 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 235-238

Author(s):

Yogesh Damade ◽

Ramchandra Kabir ◽

Sunanda Gaddalay ◽

Sharvaree Deshpande ◽

Sonali Gite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Root Canal ◽

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Canal System ◽

Ultrasonic Agitation ◽

Root Canal System ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Root Canal Instrumentation ◽

Ex Vivo Study

Background. This study aimed to investigate the endodontic debridement efficacy of different sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigation regimens with and without ultrasonic agitation, followed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after using a rotary instrumentation system. Methods. Mandibular premolars (n=50) were randomly divided into five experimental groups (n=10) for root canal instrumentation with ProTaper Universal rotary system up to F3. The root canal system was treated with intracanal-heated NaOCl (100°C) or preheated NaOCl (55°C), followed by ultrasonic agitation and EDTA treatment. Samples irrigated with conventional needle irrigation (CNI) using normal saline solution were used as controls. Debridement efficacy was analyzed by SEM. A five-point scale was used to estimate the presence/absence of debris for each canal segment (coronal, middle, and apical). The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests (P<0.05). Results. The experimental groups exhibited less debris compared to CNI with saline (P<0.05). The amount of debris decreased significantly for the group with NaOCl intracanal heating compared to extraoral heating. Ultrasonic agitation further enhanced the root canal debridement efficacy of NaOCl. Conclusion. In summary, intracanal heating of NaOCl with and without ultrasonic agitation followed by EDTA appears to be a promising method to flush debris from the root canal system.

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