Social interactions in long-term care

2022 ◽  
pp. 919-927
Author(s):  
И.А. Григорьева ◽  
Г.В. Колосова
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The State ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care For The Elderly

Современное общество становится все более сложным, меняются не только технологии, но и его социально-возрастная структура. Человечество впервые столкнулось с ситуацией, когда пожилых больше, чем молодежи, и оказалось к этому не готово. Возникает новая задача - согласование взаимодействий и интересов множества субъектов социального взаимодействия в интересах пожилых. Традиционных управленческих воздействий государства становится недостаточно, постепенно складываются механизмы самоорганизации общества и автономности граждан. Новой проблемой стало не только быстрое старение общества, но и увеличение числа пожилых, требующих постоянного ухода в последние годы жизни. Уже сложившиеся «закрытые институты» - дома престарелых - сегодня все менее популярны у населения. В статье предложен обзор российского законодательства о долговременном уходе за пожилыми, а также анализ успехов и барьеров взаимодействия в организации ухода государства, коммерческих и некоммерческих учреждений в Санкт-Петербурге - городе пожилого населения и развитого социального обслуживания пожилых. Поэтому мы вправе сделать вывод, что социальное обслуживание в Петербурге может рассматриваться как перспективная модель развития долговременного ухода за пожилыми. Цель статьи - анализ особенности взаимодействий различных субъектов складывающейся в Петербурге системы долговременного ухода за пожилыми. Нас интересуют ситуации, когда имеющихся правовых норм/регулирования/вмешательства во взаимодействия достаточно, чтобы задачи ухода решались, а участники не страдали, и наоборот - когда имеющихся регулятивов недостаточно и либо задачи не решаются, либо потерпевшей стороной оказывается пожилой человек или его семья. Modern society is becoming more and more complex, not only technologies are changing, but also its socio-age structure. For the first time, mankind found itself in a situation where there are more elderly people than young people, and it turned out to be not ready for this. A new task arises - the coordination of interactions and interests of many subjects of social interaction in the interests of the elderly. The traditional administrative influences of the state are becoming insufficient; mechanisms of self-organization of society and the autonomy of citizens are gradually taking shape. A new problem has become not only the rapid aging of society, but also an increase in the number of elderly people requiring constant care in the last years of their lives, since the already existing «closed institutions». Nursing homes are less popular today. The article provides an overview of Russian legislation on long-term care for the elderly, as well as an analysis of the successes and barriers to interaction in organizing care for the state, commercial and non-profit institutions in St. Petersburg. Petersburg is a city of the elderly population and developed social services for the elderly. Therefore, we have the right to conclude that social services in St. Petersburg can be viewed as a promising model for the development of long-term care for the elderly. The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of interactions between various subjects of the system of long-term care for the elderly that is emerging in St. Petersburg. We are interested in situations when the existing legal norms/regulation/interference in interactions are sufficient for the tasks of care to be solved, and the participants did not suffer. And vice versa, when the existing regulations are insufficient, and either the tasks are not being solved, or the injured party is an elderly person or his family.

A Multi-State Model of Disability for the United Kingdom: Implications for Future Need for Long-Term Care for the Elderly

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.D. Rickayzen ◽  
D.E.P. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
State Model ◽  
Rate Data ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care For The Elderly ◽  
The United Kingdom

ABSTRACTThis paper develops a multiple state model to project the number of people with disabilities in the United Kingdom over the next 35 years, thereby identifying implications for demand for long-term care for the elderly in the future.The model requires three types of data: prevalence rate data, transition rate data and trends data. Recent trends in healthy life expectancy data are used to frame the assumptions made regarding changes in the disability rates of the U.K. population in the future.Although there will be a large increase in the number of elderly people in the U.K. over the next 35 years, the projections suggest that the implications for the number of elderly people requiring long-term care could be ameliorated by a reduction in the proportion of older people who are severely disabled.

scholarly journals Institutionalization of long-term care for the elderly: the experience of St. Petersburg

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Galina V. Kolosova
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care For The Elderly ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation

The increase in life expectancy and the growth of the elderly population in the Russian Federation, including in St. Petersburg, dictates the need for changes in the areas of social services and health care. This is not surprising, aging today has become a global process that has different mechanisms of formation and differs by country and territory. But the sociological theoretical study of the topic of aging is still insufficient. European states rely on demographic trends, which determine a new approach to assessing the available resources, prospects for the development and improvement of social service systems in the direction of long-term care for the elderly. It is important, while maintaining continuity in the work of the social services established in the 1990s, to actively include the family, NGOs and volunteerism in the development of these institutions. The purpose of this article is to analyze the achievements and barriers to the institutional development of long - term care for the elderly in St. Petersburg. Methodically, the article is based on the analysis of legal acts regulating the development of long-term care, mainly in St. Petersburg. For the care system to take shape, it requires the participation of families, NGOs and volunteer resources, as well as the study of the best Russian and international experience.

Death of the friends and family: experiences of elderly in long-term care institution

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Patrícia Peres Oliveira ◽  
Priscilla Sete de Carvalho Onofre ◽  
Paula Bertone Norberto
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Institution

ABSTRACT Objective: to know the feelings of elderly people living in a long term care institution (ILP) with regard to the death of friends and relatives. Methodology: this is a descriptive and exploratory research with a qualitative approach, using the oral history method through two guiding questions: “Have you ever experienced the death of a friend, relative, or even some close colleague living in this institution? “and” How you face this situation?”. The data collection was carried out by means of recorded interviews, with the signing of Free and Informed Consent Term, help between January and March 2010, with twenty elderly people, from both sexes, aged between 72 and 89 years, living in an institution for elderly care in Sao Paulo city, as approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Universidade Paulista under CAAE 5380.0.000.251/09, obtaining a favorable opinion, under the Protocol 715/09. Results: from analyzing the interviews, four thematic focuses emerged: loss due to withdrawal from family relationships, new friendships, the existence after the death of friends and relatives, reflections on the possibility of one’s own death. Conclusions: it was possible to understand that the death of beloved people brings the elderly person closer to her/his own mortality, turning the grieving process more difficult, but separation is much more difficult to be interpreted because it is the loss of living persons. Therefore, it is essential that the health professionals and caregivers give support to the elderly people in their process of facing the suffering experienced. Descriptors: geriatric nursing; death; qualitative research. RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer os sentimentos dos idosos residentes em uma instituição de longa permanência (ILP) em relação à morte de amigos e familiares. Metodologia: trata-se de pesquisa descritiva e exploratória com abordagem qualitativa, utilizando o método da história oral a partir de duas questões norteadoras: “O senhor já vivenciou a morte de algum amigo, parente ou mesmo algum colega mais próximo residente nesta instituição? “e” “Como foi para o senhor enfrentar essa situação?” A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas gravadas, com assinatura de Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, realizadas entre janeiro e março de 2010, com vinte idosos, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 72 anos e 89 anos, residentes em uma instituição para idosos da cidade de São Paulo, conforme aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Paulista sob o CAAE n. 5380.0.000.251/09, tendo obtido parecer favorável, sob o Protocolo nº 715/09. Resultados: a partir das análises das entrevistas emergiram quatro focos temáticos: a perda pela separação do convívio familiar, novas amizades, a existência após a morte dos amigos e familiares, reflexões sobre a possibilidade da própria morte. Conclusões: foi possível compreender que a morte de pessoas queridas aproxima o idoso de sua própria mortalidade, dificultando o processo de luto, mas a separação é muito mais difícil de ser interpretada por ser a perda de pessoas vivas. Portanto é fundamental que os profissionais de saúde e cuidadores deem suporte aos idosos em seu processo de enfrentamento do sofrimento vivenciado. Descritores: enfermagem geriátrica; morte; pesquisa qualitativa. RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer los sentimientos de los ancianos residentes en una institución de larga permanencia (ILP) en relación a la muerte de amigos y familiares. Metodología: esta es una investigación descriptiva y exploratoria con abordaje cualitativo, utilizando el método de la  historia oral, desde das preguntas orientadoras: “¿Usted ya vivenció la muerte de algún amigo, pariente o mismo algún colega más cercano residente en esta institución? “e” ¿Cómo fue para usted hacer frente a esa situación?”. La recogida de datos se realizó por medio de entrevistas grabadas, con firma de Término de Consentimiento Libre Y Esclarecido, realizadas entre enero y marzo de 2010, con veinte ancianos, de ambos sexos, con edades entre 72 y 89 años, residentes en una institución para ancianos en la ciudad de São Paulo, conforme aprobación del Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Universidade Paulista bajo el CAAE 5380.0.000.251/09, teniendo obtenido opinión favorable, bajo el Protocolo 715/09. Resultados: desde los análisis de las entrevistas surgieron cuatro focos temáticos: la pérdida por separación del convivio familiar, nuevas amistades, la existencia después de la muerte de amigos y familiares, reflexiones acerca de la posibilidad de la propia muerte. Conclusiones: fue posible comprender que la muerte de personas queridas aproxima el anciano de su propia mortalidad, dificultando el proceso de luto, pero la separación es mucho más difícil de ser interpretada por ser la pérdida de personas vivas. Por lo tanto, es fundamental que los profesionales de la salud y los cuidadores den soporte a los ancianos en su proceso de enfrentamiento del sufrimiento vivenciado. Descriptores: enfermería geriátrica; muerte; investigación cualitativa.

Long-term care for elderly people in the UK

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman J Vetter
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Uk

The recent Royal Commission report on funding long-term care was produced following more than 100 visits and evidence from 400 organizations. It was set up following concern at the costs of long-term care for elderly people and what was seen to be the anomalous position of elderly people cared for by the NHS in long-term beds, where all costs were found by the state, albeit that elderly persons themselves lost most of their benefits. This contrasted with those in the social or independent sector, where payment has to be made unless the elderly person is poor.

scholarly journals The future of aging: Directions of development of social protection of the elderly in the community

2010 ◽  
pp. 187-197
Author(s):  
Biljana Maricic
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Term Care

Modern world is confronted with the fact that population is getting older, which become a personal, family and social problem. Changes in the socio-demographic structure of the population (aging population, the raising of the life-span, low birth rates, changes in family) produce many difficulties and problems, the present challenges and create directions of services development of long-term care for the elderly in the local community. Comprehensive framework consists of several questions which the author finds important for the relevant areas of interest: demographic trends and aging of population; needs and quality of life of elderly people in the local community; social protection of elderly people in the local community - a modern sustainable integrated model in Temerin and beyond; possible directions for the development of long-term care and protection in the local community; importance, challenges and risks of sustainability of social services in the community. Aging population and its increasing in the population requires a new strategic planning, professions and profiles, programs and services, housing for the elderly and other possible directions of action and activities in the local community. .

The PACE Model: Description and Impressions of a Capitated Model of Long-Term Care for the Elderly

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Rich
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Model Description ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care For The Elderly ◽  
Underlying Principle ◽  
Innovative Model ◽  
Capitation Payments

The Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) is an innovative model of comprehensive long-term medical and social services. The system receives monthly capitation payments from Medicare and Medicaid for clients who are nursing-home eligible. PACE was developed originally by On Lok Senior Health Services in San Francisco’s Chinatown in the late 1970s. PACE is based upon the concept of maintaining the independence, autonomy and dignity of frail and disabled elders nearing the end of life (Sapir, 1996). The program’s underlying principle is to keep participants (PACE program enrollees) in the community for as long as it remains medically, socially, and economically feasible (Shen and Iverson, 1992). There is also a strong intention to preserve and support the older adult’s family unit.

Crowdingout effect in long-term care

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kalbarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The State ◽  
Formal Care ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Private Care ◽  
Care For The Elderly

The aim of the articleis to present preferences of Poles regarding long-term care for the elderly and to examine whether informal and formal care are substitute or complementary, so can we speak about the crowding out effect. The data used in the study come from a special edition of the survey entitled Eurobarometer conducted by Eurostat in 2007. Poles are much more willing to take advantage of long-term care in their own homesthan in nursing homes. However, to help parents, they would like to take them to their own homes. Those who declare that their long-term care will be financed by the state are older, expect a longer life, have more difficulties in their daily living and are more likely to be exposed to risk factors in relation to persons declaring financing of private care. For the analysis a probit model was used in which the explanatory variable was the expectations regarding the financing of long-term care. The results indicate that the probability of financing private care is lower if we expect support from the state. This may prove that informal care substitute for formal care.

scholarly journals Experience in long-term care organizing in Israel geriatric institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-91
Author(s):  
C. Konson ◽  
K. Zaretskaya
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care For The Elderly ◽  
Adequate Quality

The main measures to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus in long-term institutions for elderly people should be based on the principle of social distancing and on limiting direct physical contact between older residents and their families. In this regard, the system of nursing care for the elderly residents of long-term care institutions is forced to reorganize in order to provide residents and their families with adequate quality care, while ensuring infection safety.

Status and Degree of Dysphagia in the Elderly-A Comparison Study of Long-Term Care Elderly People in an Outpatient Clinic

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanori Komatsu ◽  
Kayoko Hirata ◽  
Idumi Mochimatsu ◽  
Kazuo Matsui ◽  
Hajime Hirose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Term Care

Predictors of Mortality in Board and Care Homes

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas G. Castle
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Board And Care

Long-term care institutions have emerged as dominant sites of death for the elderly. However, studies of this trend have primarily examined nursing homes. The purpose of this research is to determine demographic, functional, disease, and facility predictors and/or correlates of death for the elderly residing in board and care facilities. Twelve factors are found to be significant: proportion of residents older than sixty-five years of age, proportion of residents who are chair- or bed-fast, proportion of residents with HIV, bed size, ownership, chain membership, affiliation with a nursing home, number of health services provided other than by the facility, the number of social services provided other than by the facility, the number of social services provided by the facility, and visits by Ombudsmen. These are discussed and comparisons with similar studies in nursing homes are made.

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