The Effects of 12-week Combined Exercise on Obesity Index, Energy Substrates, Insulin Resistance and CRP in Obese Youth

Background Two different systems for the screening and diagnosis of hypertension (HTN) in children currently coexist, namely, the guidelines of the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the 2016 European Society for Hypertension (ESH). The two systems differ in the lowered cut-offs proposed by the AAP versus ESH. Objectives We evaluated whether the reclassification of hypertension by the AAP guidelines in young people who were defined non-hypertensive by the ESH criteria would classify differently overweight/obese youth in relation to their cardiovascular risk profile. Methods A sample of 2929 overweight/obese young people (6–16 years) defined non-hypertensive by ESH (ESH–) was analysed. Echocardiographic data were available in 438 youth. Results Using the AAP criteria, 327/2929 (11%) young people were categorized as hypertensive (ESH–/AAP+). These youth were older, exhibited higher body mass index, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides, total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio, blood pressure, left ventricular mass index and lower HDL-C ( p <0.025–0.0001) compared with ESH–/AAP–. The ESH–/AAP+ group showed a higher proportion of insulin resistance (i.e. HOMA-IR ≥3.9 in boys and 4.2 in girls) 35% vs. 25% ( p <0.0001), high TC/HDL-C ratio (≥3.8 mg/dl) 35% vs. 26% ( p = 0.001) and left ventricular hypertrophy (left ventricular mass index ≥45 g/h2.16) 67% vs. 45% ( p = 0.008) as compared with ESH–/AAP–. Conclusions The reclassification of hypertension by the AAP guidelines in young people overweight/obese defined non-hypertensive by the ESH criteria identified a significant number of individuals with high blood pressure and abnormal cardiovascular risk. Our data support the need of a revision of the ESH criteria.

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Serum Levels of Resistin and Adiponectin in Women with Periodontitis: the Hisayama Study

Journal of Dental Research ◽

10.1177/154405910808700416 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 87 (4) ◽

pp. 319-322 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

T. Saito ◽

N. Yamaguchi ◽

Y. Shimazaki ◽

H. Hayashida ◽

K. Yonemoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Serum Level ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Resistin Level ◽

Obesity Index ◽

Severe Periodontitis ◽

Systemic Health

Resistin and adiponectin, recently discovered adipokines, are secreted from adipose tissue, with postulated opposing functions in insulin resistance and inflammation. More recently, an abundance of resistin was detected in macrophages, which suggests its important role in inflammation. The aim of this study was to clarify circulating serum adipokine levels in women with periodontitis. Thirty-four women with moderate to severe periodontitis and 42 control individuals with healthy gingiva (50- to 59-year-old women) were selected. The serum level of adipokines was analyzed between groups, along with the obesity index, smoking status, and age. Having periodontitis was significantly associated with an increased level of resistin, both in bivariate (OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.2–7.6) and multivariate (adjusted OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.1–8.6) analyses. The association of periodontitis with a decreased level of adiponectin did not reach statistical significance. It was concluded that an increased serum resistin level in middle-aged Japanese women with periodontitis may affect systemic health.

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