scholarly journals Perspektif Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat Lokal dan Pemerintah Daerah Terhadap Sumberdaya Alam (Discourse Analisis dalam Kasus Eksploitasi Pasir di Perairan Krakatau Lampung Selatan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Ahmad Robi Ulzikri
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
Private Company ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Government

South Lampung is one of the areas that still upholds customary and cultural values. Including one of them is in terms of preserving the environment. On the other hand, development in the area continues. However, the development discourse initiated by local governments, both district and provincial, often conflicts with the interests of local communities. One of them is the refusal, such as the local community and non-governmental organizations in the Rajabasa sub-district of South Lampung, against the exploitation of sand in the waters of the Anak Krakatau mountain by a private company that has obtained a permit from the provincial government. This study aims to determine the perspective of local non-governmental organizations and local governments in interpreting the existence of natural resources in the regions. The research method used is qualitative with a discourse analysis approach. Data collection comes from literature studies such as books, journals and news. The results show that the community has a perspective in looking at natural resources in the area, namely that they must maintain the status quo by assessing that natural resources need to be preserved as local wisdom without exploitation while the government assesses natural resources through proper exploration of natural resources. in fact, it can optimize regional income and create welfare for the community

scholarly journals Participatory Approach to Gap Analysis between Policy and Practice Regarding Air Pollution in Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3309
Author(s):  
Bonjun Koo ◽  
Jong-Il Na ◽  
Throstur Thorsteinsson ◽  
Ana Maria Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Government

Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, suffers from severe air pollution during the long winter months, and its air pollution levels are among the highest in the world. Residents in the ger areas of Ulaanbaatar are unable to take advantage of the laws and policy regulations to reduce air pollution despite years of efforts to address this issue by international and local organizations including the government of Mongolia (GoM). Important challenges and barriers that have limited the success of various governmental policies that tackle air pollution problems were identified through participatory approaches. In order to do this, personal interviews were conducted with various stakeholders such as officials from central and local governments, government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), international organizations, and academia. Moreover, a workshop was conducted to elucidate the views of ger area community members in Ulaanbaatar. Based on the results of these interviews and workshop, the gaps between the policy approaches of the government, the actual conditions, and the desired situations of the residents to improve air quality in Ulaanbaatar were analyzed. The large gaps that were identified between the national and local perspectives on air pollution issues demonstrated that the reduction of air pollution in Ulaanbaatar requires solving fundamental and complex problems based on a better understanding of the specific conditions and needs of the residents of the ger areas. Moreover, active participation and discussion of the residents at the workshop indicated that community-based approaches could be applied in the cultural context of Mongolia with promising results in finding solutions.

scholarly journals Cooperation Between Local Government and Non- Governmental Organizations as a Platform for The Development of Social Dialogue

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Smalec ◽  
Agata Niemczyk ◽  
Renata Seweryn
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Dialogue ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Local Problems ◽  
The One ◽  
Time And Energy

The independence of territorial self-governments in the process of implementing the tasks imposed on them does not mean that they have to implement them independently. Achieving the assumed goals of action often requires skillful cooperation with other entities, including non- governmental organizations. Local government is the closest partner of non-governmental organizations, not only through action in the local community, but above all through a community of purpose, which is to meet the needs of residents. NGOs represent the local community. The basis for the functioning of the state is social dialogue. The guarantee of successful cooperation between partners is cooperation based, on the one hand, on the awareness of local governments of jointly diagnosing and solving local problems, and on the other ‒ on the awareness of non-governmental organizations to jointly implement their goals. It should be emphasized that territorial self-government ‒ fulfilling statutory tasks and non- governmental organizations (voluntary associations of people devoting their time and energy to achieve social goals) are two different types of entities. Dialogue and cooperation between them should aim to integrate and mobilize entities to improve the quality of life in small homelands. The main goal of the article is therefore to draw attention to the importance of cooperation between territorial self-governments and non-governmental organizations in order to achieve positive results. It emphasizes the principles on which such cooperation should be based. The areas of this cooperation were indicated, giving examples of practices. The work mainly uses the desk research method in the form of literature analysis, reports and exploitation of online resources, as well as case analysis.

Graduated Sovereignty and Tanzania’s Mineral Sector

Utafiti ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-280
Author(s):  
Christine Noe
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Mineral Sector ◽  
Resource Governance ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Government ◽  
External Forces ◽  
External Actors ◽  
Ownership Rights

Abstract The process through which state sovereignty over natural resources is gained and lost serves as a precondition for other external actors to acquire rights and to appropriate wealth. These external institutions are multinational firms and non-governmental organizations that do not rely on sovereign entities. By building on the concept of graduated sovereignty, the example of Tanzania’s mineral resource demonstrates how ownership rights shift, creating different impacts on the ground. Analysis of historical and contemporary changes in Tanzania’s mineral laws serves as a basis for revealing the ways in which sovereignty is differentiated or graduated within a national territory, given current global relations. Since neither global resource governance nor market conditions are static or predictable, the government of Tanzania responds differently to external forces over time. Tanzania’s most recent national decisions follow the model of neoliberal flexibility and maximisation of profit from natural resources. Consequently, more complex issues of local resource rights have remained unattended over the years of policy and legal reform, resulting in discriminatory treatment and marginalization of different groups in Tanzanian society.

scholarly journals Restitution of local government in Poland in the 1990s. Social perception of administrative reforms

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-25
Author(s):  
Piotr Swacha ◽  
Jacek Wojnicki
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Government

One of the most important steps in the transition from the so-called “real socialism” to democracy was the process of administrative decentralization. In less than ten years, after the “round table” agreements, Polish parliament was able to introduce reforms that changed the structure of local governments. It created three tiers of self-governments and provided redistribution of authority, responsibility, tasks and competences between the government (and their institutions) and local governments. The first aim of the article is to present this process and indicate crucial decisions and actions made by Polish parliament. The second part of the article is mainly based on the results of a research made by CBOS and non-governmental organizations. The data shows how the local government has been perceived during the last two decades by Poles, it brings the information about a sense of influence on local affairs, the importance of local elections, trust in local authorities, belief in the influence of local authorities on local development, perception of the role and autonomy of local authorities. The second part of the article also contains secondary analysis of data on voting turnout in Polish local elections.

scholarly journals Geographical Indications in Trade Commodities for Promoting Sustainable Economic Development in Indonesia

Lentera Hukum ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Dwi Tiara Kurnilasari
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Geographical Indications ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Sustainable Economic Development ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Efficient Protection ◽  
The Government

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted many countries. It leads them to imbalance conditions in various sectors, particularly in the economic sector due to the shifting of people's habits. Amidst the recession, Indonesian local horticulture commodities increase in rates, supporting Indonesia's revenue. In Indonesia, abundant natural resources with numerous potential Geographical Indications (GI) need the government and other related parties' intense role. It currently results in weakness in many ways to support sustainable economic development. This study aims to discuss the protection of Geographical Indications both in national and international laws, and analyze certain vital steps to efficiently utilizing Indonesia's GI as trade commodities. The paper will mainly discuss Geographical Indication legal protection and ways to utilize it for the country's economy. The study finds that the legal protection of GI in Indonesia is still considered weak and lacks in parties' active involvement in managing GI-based trade commodities and products. The research concluded that to strengthen GI protection in Indonesia, related party involvement and continuous monitoring and promoting are necessary to be done. Furthermore, the advice is to increase local community awareness by government and non-governmental organizations toward GI potential. It includes developing an efficient protection and management system that fully maximized each party's ability to execute its responsibility. KEYWORDS: Geographical Indications, Intellectual Property, Economic Development.

scholarly journals Understanding and Selecting Sharia or Conventional Financing Among Small Entrepreneurs, in Pasuruan Regency Devout of Islamic Culture (Phenomenology Studies)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartutik .
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Almost All

Purpose: Knowing the understanding and interest of small-scale business actors about Islamic finance in Pasuruan Regency, which is culturally devout Design/Methodology/Approach: Phenomenology method is used to find the meaning andnatureoftheexperienceofsmallentrepreneurswhenusingIslamicorconventional financing, as well as how the small entrepreneur responds to Islamic financing. Findings: The results of this study indicate that the Satrya Emas program has not been understood by most informants and has notyet specifically synergized with Islamic financial institutions.Most of the informants did not understand various sharia financing contracts and products,in addition,they did not own the right understanding on whether or not bank interest is halal and haram due to their lack of knowledge and information. Financial institutions were chosen because some informants believed the Al-Quran and Hadist laterally. Other reasons are understanding that bank interest is halal paid, haram when consumed. Moreover, there was a facility of jemput bola, meaning that banks initiate to approach clients to provide loan, and also the ease, flexibility and kinship in dealing with bad debt. It is not a priority for most informants to utilize sharia or conventional financing. Almost all informants did not own good and correct financial records, so they assessed the progress of their business in accordance with their respective perceptions. Special supports from the PasuruanRegency government are required, and the collaboration of various parties, among government, religious leaders, educational institutions, Islamic financial institutions, and non-governmental organizations. Thus, theyall jointly synergize to promote sharia financing in the area of Pasuruan Regency Originality/value:This research collaborates the study of the experiences of small-scale entre preneurs as subjects,financeinstitutions,religious teachers and the government, so that the results of this study can be are ference for regulators and local governments to make policies capable of accommodating different understanding groups so that Islamic finance is able to ground in areas that have a devout Islamic culture.

scholarly journals How Legal Protection of Women in Home Workers Improving Family Welfare?

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Dewi Sulistianingsih ◽  
Muhammad Shidqon Prabowo ◽  
Martitah Martitah
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Government

Homeworkers are work that is done at home either on the basis of orders from others or doing on the basis of oneself. This type of work is referred to as informal workers, which is clearly difficult to obtain legal protection. Labor laws in Indonesia provide legal protection for both formal and informal workers, but the practice for informal workers is difficult to obtain legal protection. This program aims to describe and analyze the legal protections of women homeworkers in Semarang City in their efforts to make their families prosperous. This program uses socialization methods, interviews, observation and documentation. This program is conducted in the city of Semarang. The results of this program can be seen that the protection of homeworkers is still very minimal, especially for independent homeworkers. The implementation of statutory regulations has not been optimal, especially in manpower laws. The government is still not optimal in providing legal protection for informal workers, especially for homeworkers. Low wages, long working hours and the absence of health insurance are among the elements that homeworkers need to improve and increase in their efforts to make their families welfare. In the effort to achieve welfare for homeworkers' families, it is necessary to carry out supervision and guidance for homeworkers. Supervision and guidance can be carried out by the central government, local governments, non-governmental organizations, the academic community, observers of labor.

scholarly journals Measuring the Impacts of Saffron Production Promotion Measures on Farmers’ Policy Acceptance Probability: A Randomized Conjoint Field Experiment in Herat Province, Afghanistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4026
Author(s):  
Mohammad Wais Azimy ◽  
Ghulam Dastgir Khan ◽  
Yuichiro Yoshida ◽  
Keisuke Kawata
Keyword(s):  
Causal Effects ◽  
Acceptance Probability ◽  
Promotion Policy ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Promotion Policies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Conjoint Experiment ◽  
The Government

The government of Afghanistan promotes saffron production as a means to achieve economic development while reducing the widely spread opium cultivation in the country by providing necessary support to its farmers via saffron farmer service centers. This study investigates the causal effects of relevant attributes of potential saffron production promotion policies on the participation probabilities of saffron farmers. This study applies a randomized conjoint experiment to primary survey data of 298 farmers in Herat Province, which is perceived by the government as the center of saffron production in the country. The proposed hypothetical saffron production promotion policy consists of six attributes, namely, provision of machinery equipment, weather-based crop insurance, accessibility to long-term loans, location of saffron farmer service centers, provider of services, and annual payment. In the randomized conjoint experiment design, the respondents rank two alternative policies and policies against the status quo. The desirable policy comprises the machinery provision, long-term (up to 5 years) loan accessibility, an easily accessible service center, and policy implementation by international non-governmental organizations (NGOs). The estimated results reveal that saffron farmers are highly supportive of the proposed saffron promotion policy and that their willingness to pay is as high as 17% of their per capita income.

Evolution of artificial intelligence and its impact on human rights: from sociolegal perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheshadri Chatterjee ◽  
Sreenivasulu N.S. ◽  
Zahid Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Government ◽  
Unique Study ◽  
Rights Issues

Purpose The applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in different sectors have become agendas for discussions in the highest circle of experts. The applications of AI can help society and can harm society even by jeopardizing human rights. The purpose of this study is to examine the evolution of AI and its impacts on human rights from social and legal perspectives. Design/methodology/approach With the help of studies of literature and different other AI and human rights-related reports, this study has taken an attempt to provide a comprehensive and executable framework to address these challenges contemplated to occur due to the increase in usage of different AI applications in the context of human rights. Findings This study finds out how different AI applications could help society and harm society. It also highlighted different legal issues and associated complexity arising due to the advancement of AI technology. Finally, the study also provided few recommendations to the governments, private enterprises and non-governmental organizations on the usage of different AI applications in their organizations. Research limitations/implications This study mostly deals with the legal, social and business-related issues arising due to the advancement of AI technology. The study does not penetrate the technological aspects and algorithms used in AI applications. Policymakers, government agencies and private entities, as well as practitioners could take the help of the recommendations provided in this study to formulate appropriate regulations to control the usage of AI technology and its applications. Originality/value This study provides a comprehensive view of the emergence of AI technology and its implication on human rights. There are only a few studies that examine AI and related human rights issues from social, legal and business perspectives. Thus, this study is claimed to be a unique study. Also, this study provides valuable inputs to the government agencies, policymakers and practitioners about the need to formulate a comprehensive regulation to control the usage of AI technology which is also another unique contribution of this study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document