scholarly journals Comparing Oral and Written Cooking Recipes Using Systemic Functional Grammar

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Esti Sugiharti
Keyword(s):  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Systemic Functional Grammar ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Relational Processes ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Spoken Text ◽  
Verbal Process ◽  
Cooking Process ◽  
Material Process ◽  
Similarities And Differences

This article compares oral and written cooking recipes of the same food created by the same person, by using systemic functional grammar. The aim of the article is to find out the similarities and differences of the language used in both recipes. The data are obtained from Jamie Oliver’s cooking show aired in a YouTube channel on how to make scones and the written recipe of the same food published in his website. The focus of the analysis is on the lexico-grammar of the clauses used in the texts. The result shows that there are more differences than similarities between the two texts. There are more clauses in the spoken text than those in the written text in terms of quantity and variety. In the ideational function, both texts have a similar variety of processes with the majority of material process showing imperatives of procedural texts and additional information using mental, existential, and relational processes, but in the written text there are two clauses using verbal process that are not found in the spoken text. In the interpersonal function, the two texts show demands of good and services and the use of modalities in expressing the expected results of the cooking process. In the spoken text, the relation between the cook and the audience is friendlier and closer than that in the written text.  It is demonstrated in the use of vocatives and interrogatives that are not used in the written text. The textual functions show similar results in the use of conjunctions but the spoken text displays closer interpersonal textual functions found in the use of vocatives. The analyses of the three metafunctions of the two recipes may contribute to the study of food texts in linguistics that are relatively low compared to those in other disciplines.

scholarly journals TRANSITIVITY IN THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS’ RECOUNT TEXTS (A SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL GRAMMAR: SFG)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
Sita Hediyati Rahayu ◽  
Efransyah Efransyah
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Mental Process ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Systemic Functional Grammar ◽  
Behavioral Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Verbal Process ◽  
Tenth Grade ◽  
Material Process ◽  
Relational Process

This research aims to analyze the use of transitivity in the tenth grade students’ recount text and to find out the types of processes that are mostly found in the text. The data are taken from five recount texts written by five groups of the tenth grade students in one of the senior high schools in Cimahi. The researchers used descriptive qualitative as the method of this research. From the whole data, the researchers found 69 clauses and those are divided into seven types of processes as stated by Halliday. After classifying them, the researchers only found six types of processes which are: material process found in 45 clauses (65.2%), mental process found in 11 clauses (16%), relational process found in 5 clauses (7.2%), existential process found in 4 clauses (5.8%), behavioral process found in 2 clauses (2.9%) and verbal process found in 2 clauses (2.9%). While meteorological process was not found in the data. The most commonly process found in the data was material process which consists of 45 clauses for the recount text was retelling something happened in the past which experienced by the students. Keywords:        Systemic Functional Grammar, Transitivity, Recount Text

scholarly journals Ideological Differences between America and China from Perspectives of Transitivity System —Illustrated by Trump’s and Xi Jinping’s Presidential Inaugural Addresses

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 800
Author(s):  
Guohai Liao ◽  
Gelin Han
Keyword(s):  
American People ◽  
Spiritual Guidance ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Public Speech ◽  
Systemic Functional Grammar ◽  
Relational Processes ◽  
Inaugural Addresses ◽  
The People ◽  
Ideological Differences ◽  
Material Process

Taking Systemic Functional Grammar proposed by M.A.K. Halliday as theoretical framework, this paper is set to quantitatively analyze Donald Trump’s inaugural address and Xi Jinping’s first public speech as president of China in the distribution and functions of six processes from perspectives of transitivity system. Having done this, ideological differences between America and China beneath the textual discourse of their speeches will be qualitatively illustrated. It finds that material, mental and relational processes predominate both speeches and Xi’s speech mainly takes the overall lead in spiritual guidance and inclines to generally control the economic and social development in China. For Trump, he needs to employ all his skill to induce and gain the supports from American people, objectively depicting American mediocre situations by material process, trying to narrow down the psychological distance between his governance and the people by mental process and increasing the belonging of American people by relational process.

scholarly journals Transitivity Processes in President Buhari’s ‘My Covenant With Nigerians’

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Isaiah I. Agbo ◽  
Festus U. Ngwoke ◽  
Blessing U. Ijem
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Frequency Function ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Systemic Functional Grammar ◽  
Relational Processes ◽  
Verbal Process ◽  
The People ◽  
Verbal Processes ◽  
The Masses

Politics and politicking in Nigeria has assumed a considerably new dimension. Actors articulate their ideology and programmes, and construct their subjects and experiences in diverse linguistic processes with a view to achieving political victory. This paper examines clause structures of President Buhari’s My Covenant with Nigerians to reveal the transitivity processes employed by the President in this famous campaign speech in 2015 presidential election. This study utilized Transitivity Processes, which is rooted in Halliday’s (1985) Systemic Functional Grammar, in order to uncover different process types and main participants in the speech, and to explain the functions which these processes perform in the speech in helping the speaker to convey his ideology to Nigerians and convince them to rally support for him. Specifically, objective of this study is the uncover transitivity process types in the speech, their frequency, function and ideological underpinnings. The study reveals that President Muhammadu Buhari utilized mental and verbal processes perception, affection, cognition and volition, and verbal process of saying to appeal to the masses, and to commit himself to serve Nigerians. He equally used material and relational processes to encode his ideology, persuade the people and achieve political victory.

scholarly journals Systemic Functional Grammar Analysis of News Reports of Li Wenliang Incident

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Kang Lihan
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Process ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Systemic Functional Grammar ◽  
News Reports ◽  
The Third ◽  
Verbal Process ◽  
Reading Chinese ◽  
Material Process ◽  
Grammar Analysis

Based on a report on Dr. Li Wenliang in the British mainstream BBC media under the epidemic of Covid-2019, this paper analyzes from three perspectives guided by Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar: transitivity, mood and personal pronoun. It is found that the material process appears most frequently which shows that the news reports mainly reproduce the event process. The second is the verbal process, which shows that news reports are good at making use of multi-channel speech sources to enhance the authority and objectivity of reports. The third is the relational process and psychological process, which reflects the subtlety of news report content and the concealment of attitude. This paper reveals the ideological direction implied in the news reports through seemingly neutral and objective reports, aiming at providing reference for readers in the process of reading Chinese and foreign political discourse.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Guide Words About Xiamen Based on Systemic Functional Grammar

2019 ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
Juanjuan Li ◽  
Lingling Liu ◽  
Huanle Cui
Keyword(s):  
English Text ◽  
Mental Process ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Tour Guide ◽  
Systemic Functional Grammar ◽  
Verbal Process ◽  
New Information ◽  
Material Process ◽  
Relational Process

With the booming development of tourism, tour-guide English has gradually been favored by many people. Some studies about tour-guide English are increasing. The essay is based on the guide words about Xiamen in the aspect of SFG, especially the five processes of ideational metafunction. The guide words about Xiamen simply introduce some scenic spots including Gulangyu Islet, the Sunlight Temple, memory hall of Zheng Chenggong and so on. The guide words is analyzed through the material process, mental process, relational process, verbal process and existential process so that convey new information to readers and preferably understand English text about guide words.

scholarly journals Linguistic Choices in Hamid’s Moth Smoke: A Transitivity Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Qasim ◽  
Mubina Talaat ◽  
Qamar Khushi ◽  
Musarrat Azher
Keyword(s):  
Literary Text ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Prose Fiction ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Systemic Functional Grammar ◽  
Relational Processes ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Verbal Processes

The present study is aimed at an investigation of how meanings are construed in a literary text. The main theoretical framework employed for the data analysis was transitivity, which finds its roots in Halliday’s (1994) Systemic Functional Grammar. 21 texts from Hamid’s novel, Moth Smoke (MS) were selected as data. A sample size of 1100 complex clause sentences containing different processes, participants and circumstances was drawn for analysis. The focus of the study was the identification of transitivity patterns associated with the main characters of the novel following Simpson (2004) who viewed it “useful indicator of character in prose fiction” (p. 119). The findings of transitivity constructions showed that all types of processes were found in MS. Based on the rank of frequency, material processes were computed the most frequent processes. They did have frequency of occurrence as (1076=51.45%). The projection of mental processes was (13.91%) in the second position. The verbal processes were (11.23%), relational processes (19.75%) while the lowest projection was found in behavioural (2.63%) and existential (0.86%) processes. Male characters were ascribed with more material and verbal processes while females were drawn as having mental and attributive process clauses. The current study concluded that transitivity options can function as a useful analytical tool in the analysis of a literary text.

A systemic typology of existential and possessive constructions

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Jie Xu
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Systemic Functional Grammar ◽  
Relational Processes ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Possessive Constructions ◽  
Systemic Network ◽  
Definiteness Effect

In this article, we examine locational constructions (including existentials, locatives, and possessives) in a number of languages. Morpho-syntactically, locationals resemble or are related to one another in word order, in case marking, and in the choice of verbs. In semantics, the relatedness lies in the definiteness effect, in the locative feature, and in the mutually defining relationship between the semantic elements within each construction. As is recognized by Heine (1997), Stassen (2001) and others, the existential is one of the major sources from which possessives are derived. Basically, possessive constructions are existentials whose locative elements are prototypically human. We argue that locational constructions are relational processes and that they can be integrated into a systemic network with respect to two semantic features, i.e., the definiteness of the existent element and the humanness of the locative element. This systemic relationship between locationals has implications for the description and comparison of languages within the Systemic Functional Grammar framework, particularly where locationals are concerned.

scholarly journals Examining Word List and Processes in Law of The Republic of Indonesia Number 6 Year 2011

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Eva Tuckyta Sari Sujatna ◽  
Cece Sobarna
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Word List ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Relational Processes ◽  
Verbal Process ◽  
Dominant Process ◽  
Material Process ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Verbal Processes ◽  
Descriptive Method

This research tries to figure out the word list and the types of processes in Law of the Republic of Indonesia No 6 of Year 2011 concerning immigration. The research method applied in this research is descriptive method to describe the word list and the process in each data. Based on the result of the data analysis, firstly, it was found that the word “yang” is the highest frequency gramatically, while “pasal” is the highest frequency lexically. Secondly, it was reported there are four different processes; they are material process, mental process, relational process, and verbal process. Among the processes, the dominant process applied in Law of the Republic of Indonesia No 6 Year 2011 concerning Immigration is the verb “dipidana” as material processes, “menolak” as mental processes, “melarang” as verbal processes, and “adalah” as relational processes. AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan kosakata dan jenis-jenis proses dalam Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 6 Tahun 2011 tentang Keimigrasian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif untuk mendeskripsikan kosakata dan proses dalam setiap data. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, pertama ditemukan bahwa kata “yang” secara gramatikal memiliki frekuensi tertinggi, sedangkan secara leksikal kata “pasal” memiliki frekuensi tertinggi. Kedua, ditemukan empat proses yang berbeda, yaitu proses material, proses mental, proses relasional, dan proses verbal. Di antara proses-proses tersebut, proses yang dominan diterapkan dalam UUD RI No 6 Tahun 2011 tentang Keimigrasian adalah verba “dipidana” sebagai proses material, “menolak” sebagai proses mental, “melarang” sebagai proses verbal, dan “adalah” sebagai proses relasional.

scholarly journals TRANSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF KEYNOTE SPEECH OF JOKO WIDODO AT WEF EA 2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Mardiono Mardiono
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Systemic Functional Grammar ◽  
Keynote Speech ◽  
Political Speeches ◽  
Material Process ◽  
Process Material

International political speeches have played an extremely important role in political environment and take broader public attention due to their political, economy, and cultural values manifested through the language used. Systemic–Functional Grammar introduced and developed by Halliday (1967) sets out that with languages there are ideational meta-function, interpersonal meta-function, and textual meta-function. Hiring the theory of transitivity from Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics, this study focuses on analysing Joko Widodo’s keynote speech. The aim is to figure out the deeper meaning of the speech through the distributions and so the dominations of the transitivity processes along with their participants. At the same time this study tries to find out the hidden information by analysing the functions of the transitivity processes and the main participants. The qualitative method is employed for the transitivity analysis while the quantitative method is taken to provide the statistic description on the distributions of the types of the process and the participants found. The analysis generates two major findings: First, there are five types of process: material, relational, verbal, mental, existential and the participants found, and no single behavioural process and its participants occurred. Among them, the material process and relational process along with their participants dominate the speech, which makes it well-delivered, more powerful, objective, and convincing. Second, the pronouns ‘we, our, and us’ are found as the main participants in Joko Widodo’s keynote speech that indicate his efforts to draw a close relation between him and his audience so his addressing has succeeded.

scholarly journals Social Power and Textual Strategies

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Manizheh Alami ◽  
Nayera Khosrofar ◽  
Maryam Sabbah
Keyword(s):  
Social Power ◽  
Negotiation Of Meaning ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Social Rules ◽  
Systemic Functional Grammar ◽  
Happy Life ◽  
Address Forms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Material Process ◽  
Textual Strategies

Language is a crystal being shaped by the society and the rules in a society are mostly under the control of power. Language is a complex system having lots of choices for negotiating meaning which are motivated by the social rules specifically by power. According to Hudson (1980) and Wardhaugh(1986) power can directly be embodied in the choice of pronouns (tu vs. vous) , address forms (name only, title and last name) and some other choices from lexicogrammar. The way power is reflected in everyday use of language is crucial and this study attempts to underscore some of the methods the speakers manipulate to express themselves hinting their degree of power to their addressee(s). In order to find the interrelationship between social power and textual strategies this study tries to examine a novelette entitles" The short happy life of Francis Macomber" written by Earnest Hemingway on the basis of Halliday's Systemic-Functional Grammar (1994) and observe the number and length of utterances and turns. In detail the novelette is analyzed according to the number of special process types, the preferred mode type and the length of turns each character with varying degree of power interacts in the story. The analysis shows that the dominant character manipulates more material process type and imperative mode types, makes utterances and takes longer turns than the dominated one. Key Words: Power- Negotiation of meaning- Halliday's Systemic_ Functional Grammar- Ideational function- Interpersonal function – Material process- Imperative mode  

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