scholarly journals Treatment of Children with Chemical Burns of Esophagus with Various Etiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
A. E. Stryukovsky ◽  
V. A. Tarakanov ◽  
V. M. Starchenko ◽  
N. V. Pilipenko ◽  
V. M. Nadgeriev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Esophageal Stenosis ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Chemical Burns ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Treat Ment

Background At present continuous growth of pathology after chemical burns of the esophagus (CBE) in children is observed. The lack of uniform statistical infor-mation about this pathology in domestic and foreign literature considerably complicates studying of that nosology. The purpose of the present study is optimization of treat-ment techniques in children with chemical burns of the esophagus with various etiology and generalization of our own experience of treatment in this contin-gent of patients. Material and Methods We have analyzed treatment techniques in 147 children with CBE with various etiology and severity for last decade. The gen-eral method of diagnosis was esophago-gastroscopy performed within the first day of hospitalization. Endoscopic examination showed following stages of CBE: I stage in 36 patients, II stage in 67 cases and 44 patients had III stage. Results In children with I stage CBE erosive inflammatory process was controlled by conservative therapy in 10-14 days. This cohort of patients from 3-4 day of disease was considered outpatient. Patients with II stage CBE erosive inflammatory changes were treated by complex therapy on 21-23 day. There were surgical complications observed. Patients with III stage CBE referred in most severe condition. Length of conservative treatment for erosive inflammatory process was 1 month. In this group of patients we observed complications in 24 cases (16.3%) and bougienage was performed according to different techniques. Duration of bougienage varied from 3 to 24 months. Later on all children wereobserved out-patiently according to the place of residence. Conclusions Performed therapy should be complex and differentiated re-garding the severity of trauma. Complex treatment technique designed in our hospital is quite efficient and could be recommended for clinical application. All children suffered from CBE are to be followed up regularly. Preventive medical check-up should include endoscopic examination, once every three months to avoid possible esophageal stenosis development. Preventive treatment for esophagitis is mandatory during the period of preventive medical check-up.

scholarly journals Removal of Toxic Elements and Microbial Contaminants from Groundwater Using Low-Cost Treatment Options

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana A. Da’ana ◽  
Nabil Zouari ◽  
Mohammad Y. Ashfaq ◽  
Mohammed Abu-Dieyeh ◽  
Majeda Khraisheh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Groundwater Treatment ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Cost Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Microbial Contaminants

Abstract Purpose of Review This paper reviews various low-cost treatment techniques such as adsorption, permeable reactive barrier, and biological techniques for the simultaneous removal of chemical and microbial contaminants from groundwater and discusses treatment mechanisms of different treatment techniques. This paper also discusses the challenges of groundwater treatment, how to choose the appropriate treatment technique, and cost analysis of groundwater treatment. Recent Findings Various treatment technologies have been used for the treatment of groundwater: physical, chemical, and biological technologies with different success rates. In the literature, various adsorbents have been successfully synthesized from low-cost and environmentally friendly materials. Adsorption is considered an efficient treatment technique for the removal of both toxic elements and pathogens by utilizing different adsorbents. For example, the nanostructures of MgO with a BET surface area of up to 171 m2/g obtained a very high adsorption capacity of 29,131 mg/g for fluoride ions in water, while the incorporation of iron in activated carbon has improved its adsorption capacity to 51.3 mg/g for arsenic. Moreover, certain adsorbents have shown the capability to remove 99% of the rotavirus and adenovirus from groundwater. Summary Groundwater resources are contaminated with toxic metals and pathogens. Therefore, water treatment technologies should be evaluated for their efficiency to remove such contaminants. Determination of the most cost-effective and efficient treatment technique is not an easy task and requires the understanding of various aspects such as the contaminants present in water, the reuse options considered, and cost analysis of the treatment technique.

scholarly journals Advances in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Safety and Efficiency of Transnasal Endoscopy

Medicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Abe ◽  
Kenya Kamimura ◽  
Yoshihisa Arao ◽  
Junji Kohisa ◽  
Shuji Terai
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Esophageal Stenosis ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Transnasal Endoscopy ◽  
Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Normal Diameter ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Made In ◽  
Viable Treatment

Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common disorder and a gastroenterological emergency. With the development of new techniques and devices, the survivability after gastrointestinal bleeding is improving. However, at the same time, we are facing the difficulty of severely complicated cases with various diseases. For example, while endoscopic examination with a normal diameter endoscope is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of UGIB, there are several cases in which it cannot be used. In these cases, transnasal endoscopy (TNE) may be a viable treatment option. This report reviews current hemostatic devices for endoscopic treatment and the safety and efficiency of using TNE in complicated cases. The latter will be demonstrated in a case report where TNE was employed in a patient with severe esophageal stenosis. This review summarizes the advances made in the devices used and will provide further ideas for the physician in terms of combining these devices and TNE.

INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT TODAY AND TOMORROW

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Pols ◽  
G. H. Harmsen
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Physical Treatment ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Multi Criteria Analysis ◽  
Made In

The way we treat our wastewater nowadays is not always favourable for improving the quality of our environment. Indeed, the quality of the surface waters has increased by the high investments we have made in our treatment facilities, but it cannot be denied that these same facilities have a major impact on other environmental issues. From ibis point of view the question is raised as to which treatment techniques are favourable not only for the water phase, but also from the viewpoint of energy, waste production and renewal of resources. Over thirty techniques, all of them chemical/physical treatment techniques, have been reviewed, especially for the treatment of industrial wastewaters. More importantly, these techniques have been analysed thoroughly in a multi-criteria-analysis, not only for their environmental impacts, but also on criteria influencing the implementation of these techniques. From ibis multi-criteria-analysis the most favourable treatment technique to be developed and implemented may be chosen.

Distribution of surfactant and ventilation in surfactant-treated preterm lambs

1994 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ueda ◽  
M. Ikegami ◽  
E. D. Rider ◽  
A. H. Jobe
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Effect Of Treatment

Surfactant-deficient ventilated preterm lambs were treated with 100 mg/kg of surfactant radiolabeled with microspheres at 30 min and 2.5 h of age to evaluate the effect of treatment technique on surfactant distribution. The treatments were four positions with four boluses (bolus 4), two lateral positions with two boluses (bolus 2), or a 30-min infusion (infusion). The bolus groups had uniform surfactant distributions to the > 100 pieces analyzed for each lung. Infusion resulted in a very nonuniform surfactant distribution (P < 0.01). Surfactant was recovered equivalently in all lobes of the bolus groups, whereas infusion lungs contained surfactant preferentially in upper lobes (P < 0.01). The second dose of surfactant localized into the same lung doses as the first dose (P < 0.001). Blood flow increased proportionately to surfactant content in the bolus groups. With infusion, blood flow decreased and ventilation measured with 99Tc-labeled aerosol increased to pieces of lung receiving large amounts of the infusion surfactant, suggesting that localized overinflation was likely. Physiological measurements indicated better responses to bolus treatments, although the infusion lambs did improve. These results indicate that different treatment techniques can have large effects on surfactant distributions.

Giant fibrovascular polyp of the hypopharynx: per-oral endoscopic removal

2011 ◽  
Vol 125 (10) ◽  
pp. 1087-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ozdemir ◽  
O Gorgulu ◽  
T Selcuk ◽  
Y Akbas ◽  
C Sayar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Endoscopic Removal ◽  
Upper Aerodigestive Tract ◽  
Cervical Oesophagus ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Fibrovascular Polyp ◽  
Per Oral

AbstractObjective:We report an extremely rare case of giant fibrovascular polyp of the hypopharynx.Method:We present a 49-year-old man who had increasing difficulty swallowing, advanced respiratory distress and weight loss, as well as a hypopharyngeal mass protruding from his mouth.Results:Diagnosis was confirmed by endoscopic examination and computed tomography. A tracheostomy was required due to laryngeal obstruction by the regurgitated mass. The giant polyp was removed via per-oral endoscopic excision under general anaesthesia.Conclusion:Fibrovascular polyps occur most commonly in the cervical oesophagus, and are extremely rare in the hypopharynx. They can grow to a very large size over several years. We discuss the symptoms, diagnosis and surgical treatment techniques for upper aerodigestive tract fibrovascular polyps, in the light of the literature.

scholarly journals Imagery Rescripting and Exposure in Social Anxiety: A Randomized Trial Comparing Treatment Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Knutsson ◽  
Jan-Erik Nilsson ◽  
Åsa Eriksson ◽  
Linda Järild
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Exposure Condition ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Imagery Condition ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Imagery Rescripting

AbstractThis randomized trial compared the effects of imagery rescripting against in vivo exposure administered separately during a single session with 27 socially anxious individuals. Previous research shows that imagery rescripting is a promising treatment technique for various disorders including social anxiety, although imagery rescripting and exposure for social anxiety have not yet been compared. Social anxiety self-report measures (LSAS-SR and BFNE-II); the distress, vividness, and frequency of fear images (i.e., Imagery condition); and the levels of anxiety, avoidance, and the strength of convictions of a feared social situation (i.e., exposure condition) were rated at baseline, before treatment, and after a 2- and 4-week follow up period. Both treatment groups improved significantly on all measures pre- to post treatment and the effects largely remained at the 4-week follow-up. No significant differences between the treatment groups were found on the anxiety measures. The results suggest that either a single session of imagery rescripting or of exposure are effective in reducing social anxiety, and that both treatment techniques, even when administered in a single session, reduces social anxiety.

Effect of Heat Treatment Technique on the Low Temperature Impact Toughness of Steel EQ70 for Offshore Structure

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 825-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Fen Tao ◽  
Yun-Jin Xia ◽  
Fu-Ming Wang ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Ding-Dong Fan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Offshore Structure ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Temperature Impact ◽  
Low Temperature Impact Toughness ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quenching And Tempering

AbstractCircle quenching and tempering (CQ&T), intercritical quenching and tempering (IQ&T) and regular quenching and tempering (Q&T) were used to study the influence of heat treatment techniques on the low temperature impact toughness of steel EQ70 for offshore structure. The steels with 2.10 wt. % Ni (steel A) and 1.47 wt. % Ni (steel B) were chosen to analyze the effect of Ni content on the low temperature impact toughness of steel EQ70 for offshore structure. The fracture morphologies were examined by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM, JSM-6480LV), and microstructures etched by 4 vol. % nitric acid were observed on a type 9XB-PC optical microscope. The results show that the impact toughness of steel A is higher than that of steel B at the same test temperature and heat treatment technique. For steel B, the energy absorbed is, in descending order, CQ&T, Q&T and IQ&T, while for steel A, that is CQ&T, IQ&T and Q&T. The effects of heat treatment on the low temperature impact toughness are different for steels A and B, the absorbed energy changes more obviously for steel A. The results can be significant references for actual heat treatment techniques in steel plant.

scholarly journals Selection of Treatment Techniques for Lower Extremity Varicose Vein Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasyl Mykhailovych Krysa ◽  
Bohdan Vasylovych Krysa
Keyword(s):  
Varicose Vein ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Laser Coagulation ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Vascular Ultrasonography ◽  
Rehabilitation Period ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Vein Disease

The article deals with available literature analysis, as well as authors’ own clinical observations concerning treatment of varicose vein disease. The article presents traditional surgery and endovascular methods of treatment and emphasizes that no technique has been recognized as universally applicable. The issue of reducing postoperative trauma, as well as shortening hospitalization and rehabilitation periods remains topical. Vein removal or any other way of excluding it from blood circulation has to be aimed only at areas with abnormalities in the area with venous reflux confirmed by ultrasonography. Such approach enables preserving autograft, indispensable in cardiovascular surgery. Nowadays, classical combined phlebectomy is replaced by endovascular techniques. The reason is that it is less traumatic, has a good aesthetic effect and a shorter rehabilitation period. Laser coagulation proves to become a priority trend in treating varicose vein disease, as an instrument of so-called “office surgery” when patients can leave the medical center on their own and proceed with their usual activities in a short time. All known treatment techniques should not be considered as rivals. Combination of various treatment techniques with consideration to their peculiarities makes it possible to achieve better clinic results than when aiming at a single technique. The main criterion to choose a treatment technique is preoperative vascular ultrasonography, which determines anatomic and morphological peculiarities of varicose vein disease, special features of hemodynamic disorders and helps select an optimal treatment option.

scholarly journals Intraoperative periprosthetic femoral fractures at total hip arthroplasty. Review of classifications and treatment techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
E. V Polevoy ◽  
N. V Zagorodniy ◽  
S. V Kagramanov ◽  
G. A Chragyan ◽  
O. A Aleksanyan
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Periprosthetic Femoral Fractures ◽  
Classification And Treatment

The review covers the problem of intraoperative periprosthetic femoral fractures at total hip arthroplasty including the causes, classification and treatment techniques. This complication may occur at any step of the intervention, may differ by localization and pattern. All these will determine the preferable surgical treatment technique.

scholarly journals Degradation Control of Walls with Rising Damp Problems

2013 ◽  
Vol 334-335 ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Guimarães ◽  
João M.P.Q. Delgado ◽  
V.P. de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Building Physics ◽  
Rising Damp

Degradation in walls of Historical Building with rising damp is a complex problem to solve, due to the thickness and heterogeneity of those walls. The traditionally treatment techniques used (such as watertight barriers, injection of hydrofuge products, etc.) show, sometimes, to be ineffective or too expensive, justifying the need to find a new approach. Experimental studies validate the effectiveness of a new treatment technique applied to the walls of old buildings wall base ventilation system. Building Physics Laboratory (LFC) is developing a model of this technique. The sizing of the treatment system is based on knowledge of the characteristics of the wall, of the geometry of the ventilation system and of the building being dealt with. In this work it is described the moisture transfer process between the moving air flux, inside the system, and the wall. Experimental results were used to validate the mathematical solution and the values obtained are very similar.

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