Mantenimiento a Recipiente Contenedor Cilíndrico Vertical

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Jaime Cano-Ramírez ◽  
José Manuel Flores-Pérez ◽  
Fernando Ambriz-Colín ◽  
José Josías Ávilez-Ferrera
Keyword(s):  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
Real Form ◽  
Welded Steel ◽  
Ring Plate ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Steel Tanks ◽  
Reliability Of Operation ◽  
Cutting Processes ◽  
Petroleum Storage ◽  
Non Destructive

Keep in safe operability conditions, using the calculations to apply mechanical processes and in order to detect any anomaly that allow timely take preventive actions and repair the elements that are part of the containers in poor condition or outside the rules that govern them. In the rings using analytical methods such as the verification of thicknesses by calculating them by the methods specified in API 653 Inspection, Repair, Alteration and Reconstruction of Tanks American Petroleum Institute, finding if they are outside the appropriate regulations by comparison with what is measured in real form on the hull ring plate, whereby the method is non-destructive inspection, API 650 “Welded Steel Tanks for Petroleum Storage American Petroleum Institute (American Petroleum Institute). To carry out the relevant repairs using welding and cutting processes, assembly and maneuvers application of coatings and materials necessary according to the repair to maintain and ensure the integrity of the container improving the reliability of operation, contributing to the safety of the tanks, accessories and attached systems , as containers of highly explosive and incendiary hydrocarbon derived products.

scholarly journals Review dan Analisis Degister Tank dengan fluida POME Berdasarkan API 650 Menggunakan Variable Design Point Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Hana Hermawan ◽  
Winda Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
Point Method ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Welded Steel ◽  
Design Point ◽  
Tank Reactor ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Steel Tanks ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank

POME merupakan produk samping dari produksi minyak kelapa sawit dengan rasio terkandung dalam kelapa sawit 58.3%. POME dapat dimanfaatkan untuk dijadikan biogas dengan teknologi pengolahan proses anaerobic menggunakan tanki berpengaduk/Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan review dan analisis digester tank dengan fluida POME berdasarkan standard American Petroleum Institute yaitu API 650: Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage menggunakan variable design point method untuk menentukan ketebalan minimum pada setiap shell tergantung pada kedalamannya, sehingga setiap shell dapat memiliki ketebalan yang berbeda sehingga dapat memperkecil volume material dan biaya.Kemudian dilakukan simulasi dengan metode elemen hingga dengan beban dari tekanan hidrostatik yang menghasilkan tegangan maksimum 154.88 MPa, serta deformasi maksimum 5 mm dan beban dari gaya angin yang menghasilkan tegangan maksimum 1.31 MPa, serta deformasi maksimum 0.5 mm, lalu dibandingkan dengan sifat mekanik material bahwa yield strength terjadi pada tegangan 250-395 MPa sehingga tebal shell hasil perhitungan adalah aman. Kemudian dibandingkan ketebalan minimum hasil perhitungan dengan desain konstruksi yang hasilnya adalah desain konstruksi memiliki tebal yang lebih besar dari perhitungan tebal minimum sehingga desain konstruksi yang akan dipakai adalah aman.

Flaw Detection in Welded Metal Using Magnetic Induction Tomography

2014 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 722-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dona Sutisna ◽  
Syahrul Ullum ◽  
Warsito Purwo Taruno ◽  
Al Amin Saichul Iman ◽  
Marlin Ramadhan Baidillah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Induction ◽  
Superposition Principle ◽  
Flaw Detection ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Welded Steel ◽  
Radiographic Testing ◽  
Field Sensitivity ◽  
Experiment Method ◽  
Magnetic Induction Tomography ◽  
Non Destructive

Various defects on welded metal can lead to failure of material, so that it needs some routine examination to maintain the material quality. The development of Magnetic Induction Tomography (MIT) in recent years made MIT a potential method for Non Destructive Test (NDT) to be applied in industries. We perform an MIT inspection technique to detect flaw using 2-coils MIT planar sensor that consist of transmitter and receiver coils which is able to detect flaw based on different electrical conductivity and measured as phase shift. This study involves experiment method with measurement of welded steel in two areas, there are normal and defective welded area which amounts to 72 measurement points that conducted with superposition principle. Then simulation of 2-coils planar sensor using Finite Element Method (FEM) software to obtain magnetic field sensitivity using parameter as in the experiment. Result from this measurement showed that phase value in normal welded area is higher than defective welded area, then those data is processed further on reconstruction step by using specific algorithm to obtain reconstructed image. This image able to show the presence of flaw in welded area which is indicated by red spot, and it has a relatively good correlation when compared with radiographic testing film.

scholarly journals Research possibility of application of non-destructive testing method based on the Barkhausen effect for the control of heat exchange equipment, exposed to im-pulse pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 06011
Author(s):  
V.V. Potapov ◽  
M.V. Lopatin ◽  
L.I. Lopatina ◽  
L.M. Chebotnyagin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Barkhausen Effect ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Heat Exchange Equipment ◽  
Reliability Of Operation ◽  
Non Destructive

The article deals with the issues of ensuring the reliability of operation and methods for evaluation of connections (tube attachment points in tube sheets) of heat exchangers used in various industries. It is estimated the applicability of the control method based on the Barkhausen effect to check the place of tube fastening in tube sheets. Installations are considered as heat exchangers in which the connection is derive pipe with tube sheets is obtained by using impulsed pressure sources.

The detection and measurement of overlapping fatigue cracks at welded joints by thin-skin electromagnetic fields

1988 ◽  
Vol 419 (1856) ◽  
pp. 69-89 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Current Field ◽  
Welded Steel ◽  
Non Destructive Evaluation ◽  
Thin Skin ◽  
Response Profiles ◽  
Steel Joints ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Probe Response

Fatigue cracks occur at different locations at the toes of welded steel joints. With continued load cycling it is often found that the cracks grow towards each other and overlap in adjacent parallel planes. It is useful to be able to detect and measure overlapping cracks and in this paper the characteristic responses to be expected from these features are calculated for the alternating-current field-measurement method of non-destructive evaluation by thin-skin theory. Typical signal profiles are calculated for probe traverses across the cracks and parallel to the edges. These are compared with experimental data obtained by using three pairs of overlapping notches with different proportions, cut in a steel block. The notches were interrogated by a thin-skin field at a frequency of 6 kHz. The calculations show that overlapping cracks give rise to asymmetric cross-crack signal profiles, which do not occur for single cracks, and to characteristic changes in curvature in the probe response profiles. These features are well confirmed by the experiments. The results also show that traverses along the crack edges can be used to find the positions of the crack ends.

Determination of Failure Pressure Modes of the API Specification 12F Shop-Welded, Flat-Bottom Tanks

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Rondon ◽  
Sukru Guzey
Keyword(s):  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Buckling Analysis ◽  
Flat Bottom ◽  
Welded Steel ◽  
Failure Pressure ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Steel Tanks ◽  
Post Buckling ◽  
Internal Pressures

Shop–welded, flat-bottom tanks for storage of production liquids are designed and fabricated in specific dimensions and capacities for internal pressures close to atmospheric pressure in accordance with the API 12F specification. This study addresses the failure pressure on the eleven (11) current API 12F shop-welded steel tanks as well as two proposed sizes through finite element and stress analysis of more than 350 different tank models. An elastic analysis was carried out to determine the yielding pressure of the shell-to-bottom and roof-to-shell joints. An elastic buckling analysis and a post-buckling analysis including imperfections was performed to determine the buckling modes of the equipment. The redistribution of stresses due to inelastic deformations and plastic collapse were evaluated through a plastic stress analysis considering the stress–strain hardening of the ASTM A36 mild steel material. Moreover, the design pressure increase to failure pressure or 24 oz/in2 (10.3 kPa) was investigated regarding the stress levels and bottom uplift of the 13 flat-bottom tanks. The presented research provides meaningful insights and engineering calculations to evaluate the current design of the API 12F shop-welded, flat-bottom tanks as well as to establish new design internal pressures guaranteeing a safe performance of the equipment.

scholarly journals Simulation of the Flattening of High Frequency Induction Welded Tubes

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-284
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Abboudi ◽  
Brahim Chermime ◽  
Salim Boulahrouz
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Steel Tubes ◽  
Welded Steel ◽  
Construction Plant ◽  
Experimental Process ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
High Frequency Induction

AbstractThe process of destructive and non-destructive testing of the manufacture of high frequency induction welded steel tubes has always give better results at the Labiod-tèbessa Algeria tube construction plant such as tensile testing, folding, flaring and also the flattening tests whose limits of use were given by the experimental methods which have known deficiencies in measures in particular of the parameter of the height H which is given by the equation and that this difficulty is noted between the calculated and measured height levels. For these reasons it is necessary to find a numerical model of simulation which obviously replaces the experimental process to give reliable results with cheaper conditions in terms of cost and time which has been respected which allowed us to collect data. results and compare the different heights calculated and measure and often confirm the experimental tests.

scholarly journals Optimization and comparison of different standards for compressed welded box columns

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Károly Jármai ◽  
Máté Petrik
Keyword(s):  
Local Buckling ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
Welded Steel ◽  
Reduced Gradient Method ◽  
Steel Grades ◽  
Cost Calculations ◽  
Generalized Reduced Gradient ◽  
Excel Solver ◽  
Box Columns

Abstract Stability is one of the most critical problems in the design of welded metal structures, since in many cases instability causes failure or collapse of the structures. The present study aims to show the minimum mass design procedure for welded steel box columns loaded by a compression force. The normal stresses and overall stability are calculated for pinned columns. The dimensions of the box columns are optimized by using constraints on global stability, local buckling of webs and flanges. Different design rules and standards are compared: Eurocode 3, Japan Railroad Association, American Petroleum Institute, and American Institute of Steel Construction. The calculations are made for different loadings, column length and steel grades. The yield stress varies between 235 and 690 MPa. Optimization is carried out using the generalized reduced gradient method in Excel solver. Cost calculations and comparisons show the most economical structure.

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