Design new epoxy nanocomposite coatings based on metal vanadium oxy-phosphate M0.5VOPO4 for anti-corrosion applications

Epoxy nanocomposite coatings are an essential way to protect petroleum storage tanks from corrosion. For this purpose, the new nanocomposite epoxy coatings (P-M/epoxy composites) have been successfully designed. The P-M/epoxy composites are based on the metal vanadium oxy-phosphate M0.5VOPO4 (where M = Mg, Ni, and Zn). The function of P-M/epoxy composites as anti-corrosion coatings was explored using electrochemical and mechanical tests. Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), it has been noticed that the pore resistance and polarization resistance of the P-M/epoxy composites remain higher as compared to the neat epoxy. The P-M/epoxy composites have the greatest impact on the cathodic dis-bonded area and water absorption. Besides, P-M/epoxy composites exhibit a very high order of mechanical properties. Further, Mg0.5VOPO4 has the greatest effect on the anti-corrosion properties of epoxy coating followed by Zn0.5VOPO4 and Ni0.5VOPO4. All these properties lead to developing effective anti-corrosion coatings. Thus, the net result from this research work is highly promising and provides a potential for future works on the anti-corrosion coating.

Stabilization/Solidification of Oily Sludge Of Petroleum Storage Tank in Cement Matrix

The main objective of this paper is to investigate whether stabilization solidification by hydraulic binders (e.g. Portland cement) can be used as a solution of a particular waste: an oily petroleum sludge originated from petroleum storage tanks. An example of an Algerian refinery is taken for this purpose. After the waste characterization (X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), four mortars were prepared with different content of waste (0%, 3%, 5% and 9%). The increase in the percentage of waste in mortars increases the initial and final setting time and decrease the mechanical strengths. The Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) have shown a low metal leachability.

Degradation of naphthalene and pyrene by several biofilm-forming photosynthesis purple bacterial strains

Aromatic hydrocarbons such as naphthalene, pyrene are recalcitrant compounds found in oil contaminated areas including petroleum storage tanks, oil exploiting companies. These components are difficult to be degraded/transformed in the lack of oxygen conditions. Among anaerobic and micro-aerobic microorganisms, photosynthetic purple bacteria are the dominant group. Photosynthetic purple bacteria (PPB) are considered as aquatic organisms which are able to grow in anaerobic conditions by photosynthesis but without oxygen. This bacterial group has flexible metabolic types depending on living conditions, then they are widely distributed in nature. There are numerous publications on planktonic PPB which could use naphthalene and pyrene as carbon and energy sources. However, there is no publication on biofilm formed by PPB to degrade their aromatic compounds. In this research, 4 biofilm-forming PPB strains including DQ41, PY2, PY6 and DG12 were screened and estimated their pyrene and napthalene degradation capacity. These organisms demonstrated high biofilm forming ability. As biofilm types, their utilization efficiencies were upper 79% with the initial concentrations of naphthalene and pyrene of 200 and 250 ppm, respectively. These results may contribute to enlarge the number of biofilm-forming microorganisms to degrade/transform aromatic hydrocarbons in polluted area treatment in Vietnam.

Preserving Critical Stormwater Storage Assets at Pipeline Terminal

A slope failure compromised the integrity of a critical stormwater storage facility at a petroleum storage terminal within northern Alberta. Through periodic ground inspections and a review of LiDAR and aerial imagery, significant lateral deformation of a lined stormwater pond was identified. The potential for pond overflow and uncontrolled stormwater release into the natural environment due to compromised discharge outlets and liner integrity posed an operational and environmental risk. A fast-tracked review and assessment of both the historical and as-built construction details, a good understanding of the regional geology, and geotechnical investigation and instrumentation were required to identify remedial measures that could be implemented to restore the pond prior to the onset of major storm events. Geotechnical investigation and assessment showed weak zones in the bedrock at shallower depths than were historically encountered at the site. Spatial constraints, uncontrolled fill placement in close proximity to the pond, expansion of the pond following original construction, and compromised subsurface drainage were identified as factors that may have contributed to the failure. Assessment of remedial options considered impacts relative to both local and global factors of safety. The selected remedial option was a combination of slope unloading, shear key construction, and improved drainage with the design and construction occurring within a timeframe of 3 months to minimize the time that the pond was out of service. The paper highlights the challenges associated with the slope unloading and shear key construction that were required to control the ground movements. An approach involving sequential excavation and replacement was adopted to manage the risks associated with shear key construction. In addition, directional drill methods were incorporated to install some of the drainage measures due to the risk associated with an open cut approach. The project was fast-tracked to minimize exposure to high precipitation and limited stormwater storage capacity.

The Investigation of the Depressor Additives Application Efficiency for Asphaltene-Resin-Paraffin Deposits Inhibition and Stripping in Petroleum Storage Tanks

Possibility of heated petroleum application with various additives addition as solvents for asphaltene-resin-paraffin deposits was analyzed. An object of this investigation was chosen petroleum selected from tank farm of the Kazakhstan oil refinery and samples of bottom sediments (ARPD) formed during storage in tanks. Deposits type in line with ARPD classification was identified. Additives impact on petroleum capacity in relation to ARPD was investigated. The most effective additives to inhibiting and removing bottom settlings formed in petroleum storage tanks were determined.

Mantenimiento a Recipiente Contenedor Cilíndrico Vertical

Keep in safe operability conditions, using the calculations to apply mechanical processes and in order to detect any anomaly that allow timely take preventive actions and repair the elements that are part of the containers in poor condition or outside the rules that govern them. In the rings using analytical methods such as the verification of thicknesses by calculating them by the methods specified in API 653 Inspection, Repair, Alteration and Reconstruction of Tanks American Petroleum Institute, finding if they are outside the appropriate regulations by comparison with what is measured in real form on the hull ring plate, whereby the method is non-destructive inspection, API 650 “Welded Steel Tanks for Petroleum Storage American Petroleum Institute (American Petroleum Institute). To carry out the relevant repairs using welding and cutting processes, assembly and maneuvers application of coatings and materials necessary according to the repair to maintain and ensure the integrity of the container improving the reliability of operation, contributing to the safety of the tanks, accessories and attached systems , as containers of highly explosive and incendiary hydrocarbon derived products.