scholarly journals Application of Granulated Glauconite and a Sorbent Modified on its Basis in the Processes of Water Systems Purification from Cesium Radio Nuclides

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Solution ◽  
Kinetic Curve ◽  
Water System ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Static Exchange Capacity ◽  
Dynamic Conditions ◽  
Cesium Sorption ◽  
Radio Nuclide ◽  
Filter Bed

High effectiveness of the granulated glauconite and nickel-cadmium sorbent modified with mixed ferrocyanide on its basis application as a filter bed for water solution purification from cesium radio nuclides has been demonstrated. Meeting of the developed sorbents mechanical strength of the GOST requirements to filtering grained materials has been stated. Results of the investigation of the sorption concentration of 137Cs radio nuclide from water solutions with experimental samples in static and dynamic conditions have been presented. The modified sorbent has shown an increased specificity in respect of 137Cs. The developed sorbents’obtained static exchange capacity in terms of 137Cs is estimated by the value >30 mg/g. Cesium sorption with the sorbents under study time dependencies have been obtained. It has been stated that the sorbent modification causes the process speed constant increase at the starting section of the kinetic curve. Output curves of the cesium sorption with the developed sorbents in dynamic regime are presented. Distribution coefficients for 137Cs obtained in dynamic conditions for the modified sorbent are one order of magnitude higher than that for granulated glauconite. During filtration of 34500 ml of water solution (≈ 8600 unit’s volumes) the fault did not exceeded 6 %. The obtained experimental data enable to recommend both granulated glauconite and its modified analog as a filter bed. For the first time it has been shown that the use of the modified sorbent allows to increase the treatment facilities filtering cycle. The sorbents developed on the basis of local natural materials can be applied in the water system treatment techniques for purification from cesium radio nuclide.

Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Organophilic Bofe Clay for Use in the Removal of Oil Effluents

2019 ◽  
Vol 958 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Rochelia Silva Souza Cunha ◽  
Joseane Damasceno Mota ◽  
Fabiana Medeiros do Nascimento Silva ◽  
Meiry Gláucia Freire Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Direct Method ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Water System ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Oily Water ◽  
Oil Water

This objective of this study was to produce organoclay, analyze it, and evaluate its use in the process of removing oil emulsion from an oil–water system. The organoclay was prepared by the direct method and was characterized using X-ray diffraction, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), and Infrared Spectroscopy (IV). A finite bath system was used to evaluate the effects on the removal capacity, using a stirring speed (A) of between 100 and 300 rpm and an initial concentration of oil-water solution (C0) evaluated in the range of 100 to 500 mg/L. The XRD and infrared results indicated that CTAC was intercalated between the layers of Bofe clay. The percentage of oil removal from oil-in-water emulsions was between 55.99 and 96.62%. These results indicate that OC can potentially remove up to 97% oil from oil-in-water emulsions. Consequently, the OC could be considered an excellent medium for treating oily water.

scholarly journals Modified Sorbents Based on Granular Glauconite for Natural Waters Purification from Radio Nuclides

2016 ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Waters ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Static Exchange Capacity ◽  
Henry's Law ◽  
Henry’S Law ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Modified Sorbents

Expediency of the modified sorbents application for natural waters purification from cesium and strontium radio nuclides has been demonstrated. Possibility to use granular glauconite as a carrier for sorption-active agent films has been considered. Results of the research of 137Cs and 90Sr radio nuclides sorption reduction from water solutions with modified materials based on granular glauconite in static and dynamic conditions are presented. A cesium and strontium concentration range within which the reduced elements distribution between solid and liquid phases is in accordance with Henry’s law has been determined. Within the Henry’s law action area the modified sorbents distribution coefficients are Kd = (1.0±0.2)·104 ml/g for cesium and Kd = (1.6±0.7)·103 ml/g for strontium. It has been shown that the modified sorbents are an order of magnitude higher that initial granular glauconite in terms of their kinetic and capacitive characteristics. Static exchange capacity of the modified granular glauconite for 137Cs is estimated as 144 mg/g, for 90Sr as 42 mg/g. Dynamic exchange capacity of the modified sorbent is more than 11 mg/g for 137Cs, the value of the detained water phase volume exceeds 22 000 ml (≈ 7000 columnar volumes). The obtained experimental data can be applied for development of technological schemes for natural water sources rehabilitation on any radiation-contaminated territories.

Equilibrium Sorptions in Heterogeneous Ion Exchange Membranes

1992 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 1905-1914
Author(s):  
Miroslav Bleha ◽  
Věra Šumberová
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Equilibrium Sorption ◽  
Inhomogeneity Factor

The equilibrium sorption of uni-univalent electrolytes (NaCl, KCl) in heterogeneous cation exchange membranes with various contents of the ion exchange component and in ion exchange membranes Ralex was investigated. Using experimental data which express the concentration dependence of equilibrium sorption, validity of the Donnan relation for the systems under investigation was tested and values of the Glueckauf inhomogeneity factor for Ralex membranes were determined. Determination of the equilibrium sorption allows the effect of the total content of internal water and of the ion-exchange capacity on the distribution coefficients of the electrolyte to be determined.

The distribution coefficients of phenol and substituted phenols in the ammonium sulfate-poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone-water system

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Churilina ◽  
P. T. Sukhanov ◽  
Ya. I. Korenman ◽  
A. N. Il’in ◽  
G. V. Shatalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Water System ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Substituted Phenols

scholarly journals The development of technology for production of zeolites from fly-ash from Troitskaya power plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20218111
Author(s):  
V. A. Snegirev ◽  
V. M. Yurk
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Static Exchange Capacity ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Hydrochemical Synthesis ◽  
Bet Method ◽  
Zeolite Production

The study examines the technology of processing fly ash from Troitskaya power plant for the production of zeolite. The paper presents the results of laboratory studies evaluating the suitability of fly ash from Troitskaya power plant for the production of zeolites and the development of the zeolite production process. Fly ash contains a small amount of heavy metals that can complicate processing, but contains a large amount of silicon oxide. The technology consists of high-temperature alkaline activation of fly ash and hydrochemical synthesis. The resulting powder has a specific surface area of 89.7 m2/g, determined by the BET method, and an average pore diameter of 0.345 μm. The static exchange capacity was 220 mg/g.

scholarly journals Kinetics of Sr2+ sorption on clinoptilolite-containing tuffs of different deposits from the surface drinking water

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 886-892
Author(s):  
Tatyana G. Kuzmina ◽  
Valentina A. Nikashina ◽  
Nadezhda Lichareva ◽  
Irina N. Gromjak ◽  
Inna B. Serova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Linear Part ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Particle Diffusion ◽  
Sorption Dynamic ◽  
Dynamic Conditions ◽  
Ion Exchange Process

Previously Sr2+ion-exchange isotherms were obtained from the surface drinking water and the corresponding Sr2+ distribution coefficients (Kd) were calculated for linear part of the isotherms of the studied CLT. The comparative kinetic data of Sr2+ ion-exchange sorption on NH4+- forms of the clinoptilolite-containing tuffs from deposits of Russia and Bulgaria on the sample of the surface drinking water was investigated in detail with the known method of the "thin layer". It was shown, that the kinetic process of the Sr-sorption on the clinoptilolite- containing tuffs is characterized with the features and includes 3 stages. The first stage is described with the particle diffusion law, the second stage –a slowing down, the ion-exchange process reaches a plateau, then an increase of Sr2+ sorption is observed again. The particle diffusion coefficients of Sr2+ describing the first stage of the sorption process on CLT of different deposits were calculated. The obtained data are the initial one for the development of a mathematical model of the dynamic ion-exchange process on NH4+-form of the clinoptilolite- containing tuffs from the surface drinking waters, that makes possible to generate the computer program and thereupon to calculate the break-through curves of Sr2+ sorption on NH4+- clinoptilolite- containing tuffs for the different dynamic conditions, including the sorption dynamic conditions on the permeable reactive barrier

scholarly journals Transformation of the water system of the Education City in Doha into a smart water system

2019 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Abdallah AL-NAEMI ◽  
Isam SHAHROUR
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Water System ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Smart Water ◽  
Education City

This paper presents the transformation of the water system of the Education City in Doha (Qatar) into a smart water system. This city covers an area of 14 km2 and includes 80 buildings. The water system provides drinking, irrigation and fire protection services. It suffers from the use of fragmented management systems and from a lack of real-time monitoring, which result in a deterioration of efficiency of the water system and users’ information The paper describes the water system and then the architecture of the smart water solution and its use for leak detection, water quality control and operation safety.

scholarly journals Distribution coefficients for chemical components of a coal-oil/water system

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1189-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt C. Picel ◽  
Vassilis C. Stamoudis ◽  
Milagros S. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Water System ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Oil Water

Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Ammonia Absorption into Ammonia-Water Solution: Estimated Interface Concentration

2010 ◽  
Vol 297-301 ◽  
pp. 785-789
Author(s):  
Hatem Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Water System ◽  
Initial Pressure ◽  
Test Cell ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Ammonia Vapor ◽  
Ammonia Water ◽  
Interface Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Absorption

Ammonia absorption process of ammonia vapor into ammonia water solution has been investigated experimentally, by inserting superheated ammonia vapor into a test cell containing a stagnant pool of ammonia water solution of several ammonia mass fractions, Ci. Before commencing the experiment, the pressure in the test cell corresponds to the equilibrium vapor of the ammonia-water system at room temperature. When the valve is opened, mechanical equilibrium is established quickly and the ammonia vapor diffuses into ammonia solution [1]. The difference between the initial pressure in the vapor cylinder and the initial pressure in the test cell ΔPi is found to have a major influence not only on the absorption rate but also on the estimated interface concentration. The interface concentration Cint of the cases ΔPi = 50 and 100 kPa exhibits a similar tendency, Cint decreases rapidly compared to other initial pressures ΔPi = 150 and 200 kPa. On the other hand, the interface concentration Cint of the cases ΔPi = 250 and 300 kPa are increasing within about 50 sec, then are hardly changing with time. They behave almost in a similar way as of Cint = 0.27 kg/kg. A correlation which gives the total absorbed mass of ammonia as a function of the initial concentration, the initial pressure difference and time is derived. In addition, the absorbed mass at no pressure difference could be estimated from the absorbed mass at initial pressure difference.

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