ПИВО У ПОБУТОВІЙ КУЛЬТУРІ Й ФОЛЬКЛОРІ УКРАЇНЦІВ

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Admink Admink ◽  
Олександр Курочкін
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Oral Poetry ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Beer Production ◽  
First Time ◽  
Selection Of

Мета статті – простежити основні етапи історії пива на українських землях від доби середньовіччя до початку ХХ ст., розкрити помітну участь цього напою як у матеріальному, так і духовному житті етносу, зокрема, святково-обрядовій культурі й усній поетичній творчості. Методологія. Дослідження проведене на основі міждисциплінарного підходу, шляхом системного аналізу документальних, літературних і фольклорних джерел. Наукова новизна дослідження визначається тим, що історія пива на українських землях вперше висвітлюється з позицій етнокультурології. У фокусі уваги автора національні традиції пивоваріння, типові прийоми і стереотипи використання пива у різних святково-ритуальних контекстах. Евристичну цінність становить оригінальна підбірка документальних і фольклорних текстів, які деталізують зміст обраної теми. Висновки. Проаналізовані матеріали дозволяють констатувати, що пиво здавна відігравало важливу роль у житті й побуті українців. Тривалий час його використовували не лише в якості алкогольного напою, а й як необхідну частину раціону харчування. В ході історичної еволюції виділяються такі типи виробництва пива: домашній (громадський), монастирсьький, мануфактурно-ремісничий, приватно-підприємницький, заводський. The purpose of the article is to trace the main stages of beer history in Ukrainian lands from the Middle Ages to the beginning of the 20th century, to reveal the noticeable participation of this drink both in the material and spiritual life of the ethnic group, in particular, in the festive and ceremonial culture and oral poetry. Methodology. The research was conducted on the basis of an interdisciplinary approach, through a systematic analysis of documentary, literary and folklore sources. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the fact that the history of beer on Ukrainian lands is covered for the first time from the standpoint of ethno-cultural studies. In the focus of the author's attention are national brewing traditions, typical techniques and stereotypes of using beer in various festive ritual contexts. The original selection of documentary and folklore texts detailing the content of the chosen theme is of heuristic value. Conclusions. The analyzed materials allow to state that beer has long played an important role in the life and household of the Ukrainians. For a long time it was used not only as an alcohol drink, but also as a necessary part of the diet. In the course of historical evolution the following types of beer production are distinguished: domestic (communal), monastic, manufacture craft, private entrepreneurial, factory.

Live birth following the first mutation specific pre-implantation genetic diagnosis for haemophilia A

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (02) ◽  
pp. 373-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Tuddenham ◽  
Cathy Turner ◽  
Ben Lavender ◽  
Stuart Lavery ◽  
Katerina Michaelides
Keyword(s):  
Live Birth ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Amplification Efficiency ◽  
Haemophilia A ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Selection Of

SummaryHaemophilia A is an X-linked, recessive, inherited bleeding disorder which affects 1 in 5000 males born worldwide. It is caused by mutations in the FactorVIII (F8) gene on chromosome Xq28. We describe for the first time two mutation specific, single cell protocols for pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) of haemophilia A that enable the selection of both male and female unaffected embryos. This approach offers an alternative to sexing, frequently used for X-linked disorders, that results in the discarding of all male embryos including the 50% that would have been normal. Two families witha history of severe haemophilia A requested carrier diagnosis and subsequently proceeded to PGD. The mutation in family1 isa single nucleotide substitution c. 5953C>T, R1966X in exon 18 and in family 2, c. 5122C>T, R1689C in exon 14 of the F8 gene. Amplification efficiency was compared between distilled water and SDS/proteinase K cell lysis (98.0%, 96/98 and 80%, 112/140 respectively) using 238 single lymphocytes. Blastomeres from spare IVF cleavage-stage embryos donated for research showed amplification efficiencies of 83.3% (45/54) for the R1966X and 92.9% (13/14) for the R1689C mutations. The rate of allele dropout (ADO) on heterozygous lymphocytes was 1.1% (1/93) for R1966X and 5.94% (6/101) for R1689C mutations. A single PGD treatment cycle for family1 resulted in two embryos for transfer but these failed to implant. However, with family 2, two embryos were transferred to the uterus on day 4 resulting in a successful singleton pregnancy and subsequent live birth of a normal non-carrier female.

scholarly journals The War of Khalkhin Gol in 1939 and the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Sukhodolov ◽  
Tuvd Dorj ◽  
Yuriy Kuzmin ◽  
Mikhail Rachkov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Second World

For the first time in Russian historiography, the article draws attention to the connection of the War of Khalkhin Gol in 1939 and the conclusion of the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact of 1939. For a long time, historical science considered these two major events in the history of the USSR and history of the world individually, without their historic relationship. The authors made an attempt to provide evidence of this relationship, showing the role that surrounding and defeating the Japanese army at Khalkhin Gol in August 1939 and signing in Moscow of the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact played in the history of the world. The study analyzes the foreign policy of the USSR in Europe, the reasons for the failure in the conclusion of the Anglo-Franco-Soviet military union in 1939 and the circumstances of the Pact. It shows the interrelation between the defeat of the Japanese troops at Khalkhin Gol and the need for the Soviet-German treaty. The authors describe the historic consequences of the conclusion of the pact for the further development of the Japanese-German relations and the course of the Second World War. They also present the characteristics of the views of these historical events in the Russian historiography.

Historical Analysis and Structural Monitoring Cases – Studies for an Integrated Approach

2010 ◽  
Vol 133-134 ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
Laura Balboni ◽  
Paolo Corradini ◽  
Davide Del Curto ◽  
Luca Valisi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
The North ◽  
Single Structure ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

The paper focuses on the structural analysis of monumental buildings, particularly upon the relationship between both instrumental measurements and the preliminary studies and the general comprehension of the construction history of each single building, including e.g. the historical evolution, materials, decay. A couple of case – study in the north of Italy are presented: the Trostburg Castle in South Tyrol and the S. Agata Church in Brescia. In these cases, cracks have been controlled by a long - time monitoring to investigate if structural damages could be influenced by the construction of underground galleries just near their foundations. The study focuses on the structural analysis of monumental buildings, particularly upon the relationship between both instrumental measurements and the preliminary studies and the general comprehension of the construction history of each single building, including e.g. the historical evolution, materials, decay. Collected data are discussed in comparison with the different approaches related to the knowledge of buildings, in order to evaluate limits and possibilities of proposed methods. Results underline how a deep investigation of an ancient and complex building, usually made up by a long time process of transformations and stratifications, allows to better understand the general structural behaviour. The strong comprehension of the constructive history of each single structure and a carefully discussed cracks board can provide a wider support to plan and make the diagnostic and structural investigation, e.g. this method helps in the choice of the type of tests and instrumentation to be employed and helps to localise where measurements should be taken, empowering the effectiveness of the results. Moreover, it allows to control and to understand results.

„Selbstbericht“ Ulrich Stutz

2016 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Waldhoff
Keyword(s):  
Canon Law ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Great Scholar ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time

Abstract„Selfdescription“ Ulrich Stutz. Ulrich Stutz closed his „selfdiscription“ in May 1934 and handed it to the library of the University of Basel with the remark „strictly confidential during the lifetime of the author“. It has been quoted very rarely and is published here for the first time. Ulrich Stutz is not only the founder of the history of canon law, but he was also for a long time its spiritus rector. The „selfdiscription“ is preceded by brief remarks on the life and work of this great scholar.

Merck

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Burhop ◽  
Michael Kißener ◽  
Hermann Schäfer ◽  
Joachim Scholtyseck
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Pharmaceutical Chemical ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Chemical Company ◽  
Technology Firms ◽  
Global Corporation ◽  
Global Leader ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Merck is the oldest pharmaceutical-chemical company in the world. It developed into a global corporation from a Darmstadt pharmacy that Jacob Friedrich Merck received the pharmacist’s license for in 1668. This book tells the 350-year history of the company for the first time in its entirety and on the basis of all the available sources, as well as the newest research in business history. For a long time, family-owned companies were regarded as a dying breed. The future seemed to belong to jointstock companies with an anonymous stockholder structure. Yet there are numerous successful counterexamples in Germany, such as Bosch, C&A and Bertelsmann. Merck, too, counts among them. How did the Merck family manage to keep the company in its possession for 13 generations through all the political ruptures and historical crises and turn it into a global leader among science and technology firms? With this as their central question, four acclaimed historians recount the fascinating history of the Merck company between 1668 and 2018, embedding it in the eventful course of world history.

scholarly journals The dawn of the Somali written word: an analysis of the creation and implementation of the Somali written language

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warsan Amin
Keyword(s):  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Oral Poetry ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
History Of ◽  
Written Word ◽  
Knowledge Preservation ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
First Time

My major research paper (MRP) is grounded in the history of Somalia’s first orthography implemented in 1972 by President Mohamed Siad Barre. This meant that for the first time Somali history, there would be a written language that mirrored the Somali oral tradition in all its complexity. The nation’s longstanding cultural tradition of oral poetry has both impacted, and been impacted by the implementation of the orthography. Through the use of semi-structured interviews and grounded theory as my method of analysis, the purpose of this MRP is to explore this reciprocal impact between Somalia’s oral tradition and the implementation of the orthography, and also to explore how Somali poetry provides a unique lens into this reciprocal impact. After stating the data, I present the findings in two stages: (a) in the form of short stories that provide insight into the topic from the perceptions and perspectives of each interviewee, and (b) as overarching themes that have emerged from the interviewees collectively. The findings reveal that the colonial period in Somalia gave rise to the necessity of an orthography for the oral Somali language which then introduced a level of cultural anxiety as the oral tradition of knowledge preservation eventually weakened. Nonetheless, although the Somali orthography is now seen first and foremost as a means of knowledge preservation, the Somali culture still demonstrates a deep connection to their oral heritage.

scholarly journals Le città nelle fortificazioni: le isole ioniche in Grecia. Conoscenza e valorizzazione di un patrimonio

X ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Gron ◽  
Eleni Gkrimpa
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Ionian Islands ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The City ◽  
Venetian Republic

The cities in the fortifications: the Ionian islands in Greece. Knowledge and enhancement of a heritage Residing in the Mediterranean Sea, Ionian islands signify the passage from the west to the east. A constantly sought-after region due to the trade routes, was for a long time garrisoned and under the authority of the Venetian Republic (fourteenth-eighteenth centuries) that hindered with its fleet the Turkish invasions. The bigger islands that constitute the cluster of the Eptanisa: Corfu, Lefkada or Santa Maura, Ithaka, Kefalonia, Kythira, Zakinthos and more, that had strategic positions with respect to the usual routes, had since the middle ages fortifications like walls, towers and castles, that over the time were expanded and restructured by the Venetians in order to defend those islands from the enemy attacks. The rich iconographic historic material, considering the Ionian Islands, allows to document the characteristics of those wide spread defensive structures and to identify each strong part of this big and unique fortification cluster. It has to be noted that every one of those structures gives us clues about the urban history of the city it resides since they were part of the urban landscape revealing this way the urban layout. The compelling story of the architectural consistency of those fortresses, as it is described in the historic documents, cannot be always verified. Many of those structures are nowadays completely destroyed and only a few remains are left. There are many ways to organize a project for saving those structures and in particular one that will be related with the cultural tourism.

scholarly journals On Eminescu’s philosophy of history: towards an English anthology of relevant texts

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-258
Author(s):  
Catalin Pavel
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academic Philosophy ◽  
Per Se ◽  
First Time ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Historical Thought

The present paper aims to offer Anglophone researchers a selection of translated quotes from Mihai Eminescu’s non-literary oeuvre, relevant to the philosophy of history of the most complex Romanian author of the nineteenth century. It should thus become possible to reconsider Eminescu’s position within the concert of European philosophers of history. The fragments gathered here stem mainly from his activity as a cultural and political journalist, throughout which he voiced, albeit unsystematically, his views on history. Although he did not ultimately articulate an academic philosophy of history per se, these fragments, now available in English for the first time, may give valuable insights into Eminescu’s conception of history. Above all else, they meaningfully complement whatever can be gleaned from Eminescu’s already translated poetry or literary prose. Hopefully the fragments presented here will aid scholars in establishing more precisely what Eminescu’s views on history owe to Schopenhauer’s metaphysics and what to the proper philosophy of history he could find in Hegel. This is a double allegiance scholars have also recognized in Maiorescu’s work. By the same token, it would further be important to chart Eminescu’s ambivalence towards Hegel, an ambivalence also visible in the works of Romanian philosopher Vasile Conta. Finally, the fragments below may help to bring to the fore the complex interplay between Hegelian theodicy and Kantian teleology in Eminescu’s historical thought.

Notices of publications relating to the history of the Royal Society

1951 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-147
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Scientific Instruments ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tycho Brahe ◽  
Scientific Academies ◽  
Selection Of

To Fellows of a Society which is so justly proud of its history and traditions as is the Royal Society, it is a matter of great interest and importance that there should be an authoritative and accessible account of the mental climate which preceded and accompanied its foundation, in order that that great event may be appreciated in its correct setting of contemporary superstition, thought and endeavour. This is exactly what is provided by Dr Douglas McKie’s new edition of A. Wolf’s A History of Science, Technology, and Philosophy in the 16th and 17th Centuries . The work begins with the emergence of modern science from the fog of the middle ages, and an account of the work of its two first great exponents, Copernicus and Galileo. This is followed by the origin of the various scientific academies and a chapter on scientific instruments and their perfection. Next come the various branches of science, treated in terms of the most important contributions made by their great men. Astronomy and its progress introduces Tycho Brahe, Kepler and Newton ; Huygens, Flamsteed and Halley. Mathematics bring in Napier, Descartes, Pascal, Wallis, Newton and Leibniz, to mention only a few. Mechanics introduces Torricelli, Wren, Newton and Boyle. Light involves Descartes, Hooke, Huygens and Newton, again making only a selection of names. Chemistry is the occasion for including Helmont, Boyle, Hooke and Mayow. Biology is represented by the work of Gesner, Ray, Vesalius, Harvey, Malpighi, Swammerdam and Leeuwenhoek. Other chapters deal with electricity and magnetism, meteorology, geology, medicine and physiology. Progress in the applied sciences is shown in the fields of agriculture, textiles, building, mining and metallurgy, mechanical engineering and calculators.

The Cambridge History of Welsh Literature, ed. Geraint Evans and Helen Fulton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019, xxix, 825 pp., 8 maps

Mediaevistik ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-266
Author(s):  
Albrecht Classen
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Literary History ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History ◽  
Welsh Literature ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Simple Search

According to the two editors, it has been a long time since the entire history of Welsh literature was treated in one volume, so the new effort by Geraint Evans and Helen Fulton must be certainly welcomed. But for a little housekeeping, so to speak, they only refer to the volume Hanes Llenyddiaeth Gymraeg hyd 1900, published by Thomas Parry in 1953, translated into English in 1955. A simple search in any online catalog, however, unearths other valuable studies, such as Bobi Jones’s The Dragon’s Pen: A Brief History of Welsh Literature (1986), Mathias Roland’s Anglo-Welsh Literature: An Illustrated History (1986), The Oxford Companion to the Literature of Wales, ed. Meic Stephens (1986), and Dafydd Johnston, The Literature of Wales (1994), none of which are included in the final cumulative bibliography. Of course, this does not mean at all that new efforts in that regard could be dismissed, on the contrary. In fact, as Evans and Fulton correctly emphasize, both with respect to the use of English and the use of Welsh, the time has come to approach the entire corpus of literary texts as produced in Wales from the early Middle Ages until today in a holistic fashion, although this work was here divvied up among a larger number of scholars responsible for individual literary-historical periods. It would have been helpful, however, if the editors had reviewed critically the previous efforts to write a literary history of Wales in order to highlight better the new approaches and methodologies, which are explained subsequently, but not clearly enough in contrast to previous publications.

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