Molecular and Phylogenetic Characteristics of Cytomegaloviruses Isolated from Children in Nizhny Novgorod

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
ОЕ Vankova ◽  
NF Brusnigina
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Study Results

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a serious problem of modern health care. It belongs to the category of socially significant infections and is characterized by polymorphism of clinical manifestations and high child mortality. Abroad, much attention is paid to virus genotyping, determining the role of various genotypes in the development of certain clinical forms of CMV infection, and developing a vaccine against congenital human cytomegalovirus infection. The objective of our study was to assess the genetic diversity of cytomegaloviruses in children of Nizhny Novgorod. Materials and methods: We analyzed clinical CMV isolates from body fluid samples (blood, urine, and saliva), viral DNA and its fragments in 580 children aged from 15 days to 16 years. Molecular biology (PCR, RT-PCR, and sequencing), bioinformatics and statistical methods were applied in the study. Results: We established that CMV detection rates in children varied from 3.8 % to 18.9 % depending on the form of the disease. We assessed various method approaches to genotyping human cytomegalovirus clinical isolates, were first to determine prevalent gB1, gB2, and gN4a CMV genotypes in children in the Russian Federation, and revealed infected cases caused by two and three genotypes simultaneously. The phylogenetic analysis of UL55 and UL73 gene sequences indicates genetic diversity of Russian CMV isolates from children in the Nizhny Novgorod Region. Conclusions: New data on the prevalence of various CMV genotypes in children living in Nizhny Novgorod may be used in the system of epidemiological surveillance of cytomegalovirus infection while the results of genotyping and phylogenetic analysis of clinical CMV isolates may contribute to domestic vaccine development.

Early-life environment influencing susceptibility to cytomegalovirus infection: evidence from the Leiden Longevity Study and the Longitudinal Study of Aging Danish Twins

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. 835-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. MORTENSEN ◽  
A. B. MAIER ◽  
P. E. SLAGBOM ◽  
G. PAWELEC ◽  
E. DERHOVANESSIAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Early Life Environment

SUMMARYHuman cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common herpesvirus establishing lifelong persisting infection, which has been implicated in immunosenescence and mortality in the elderly. Little is known about how and when susceptibility to CMV infection is determined. We measured CMV seroprevalence in two genetically informative cohorts. From the Leiden Longevity Study (LLS) we selected long-lived sib-pairs (n=844) and their middle-aged offspring and the offspring's partners (n=1452). From the Longitudinal Study of Aging Danish Twins (LSADT) 604 (302 pairs) same-sex monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins aged 73–94 years were included (n=302 pairs). Offspring of the long-lived LLS participants had significantly lower seroprevalence of CMV compared to their partners (offspring: 42%vs. partners: 51%,P=0·003). Of 372 offspring living with a CMV-positive partner, only 58% were infected. The corresponding number for partners was 71% (P<0·001). In the LSADT, MZ and DZ twins had high and similar CMV-positive concordance rates (MZ: 90%vs. DZ: 88%,P=0·51) suggesting that shared family environment accounts for the similarity within twin pairs. Our findings suggest that susceptibility to CMV infection – even under continuous within-partnership exposure – appears to be more strongly influenced by early-life environment than by genetic factors and adult environment.

Prevalence of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Hospitalized Infants

Folia Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan S. Ivanov ◽  
Nikolay I. Popov ◽  
Rumyana I. Moshe ◽  
Dora D. Terzieva ◽  
Rumen S. Stefanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
One Year ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding ◽  
First Year Of Life

Abstract Data on cytomegalovirus infection (CMV) prevalence and course in hospitalized infants are rather scarce, obsolete and considerably inconsistent. AIM: to determine the prevalence, rate of clinical manifestations, risk factors and predictive capacity of clinical manifestations of CMV infection in hospitalized infants during their first year of life. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All 163 infants hospitalized in the Pediatric Ward for Nonrespiratory Pathology in a tertiary hospital were serologically screened for cytomegalovirus infection for 10 months. In infants up to 6 months old that were CMV IgG (+) and CMV IgM (-) we followed up the CMV IgG concentration or compared it with that of their mothers. RESULTS: The CMV prevalence for the entire study sample was 33.1 ± 3.7% (54 seropositive out of 163 examined infants); in newborns it was 19.4 ± 6.7% (7 of 36), in infants aged 1-3 months - 23.8 ± 5.4% (15 of 63), in 4-6-month olds - 28.1 ± 8.1% (9 of 32), and in 7-12-month old - 71.9 ± 8.1% (23 of 32). The rates of clinically apparent infections in the respective groups was 33.3 ± 6.5%, 57.01 ± 20.2%, 53.3 ± 13.3%, 33.3 ± 16.6%, and 13.0 ± 7.17%. The overall rate of clinically apparent CMV infection in all 163 children was between 11.0 ± 2.5% and 17.2 ± 2.9%. The probability of CMV infection increased with age and duration of breastfeeding. Hepatitis, cerebral vasculopathy and pneumonia (alone or combined) turned out to be predictors of CMV infection, but none of these symptoms had a frequency greater than 22%. CONCLUSIONS: We found a high rate of cytomegalovirus infections in hospitalized infants less than one year of age. This infection is the reason why at least 10% of the newborns and 12% of the children aged 1 to 3 months were hospitalised. The course was clinically apparent in over half of the infected children of up to 3 months of age.

scholarly journals The Status of Vaccine Development Against the Human Cytomegalovirus

2020 ◽  
Vol 221 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S113-S122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley A Plotkin ◽  
Dai Wang ◽  
Abdel Oualim ◽  
Don J Diamond ◽  
Camille N Kotton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Status ◽  
Cmv Disease ◽  
Transplanted Organs ◽  
Congenital Cmv

Abstract Numerous candidate vaccines against cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease are in development. Whereas the previous article [1] provides background and opinions about the issues relating to vaccination, this article provides specifics about the vaccines in active development, as reported at a National Institutes of Health-sponsored meeting in Bethesda on September 4–6, 2018. Here, vaccine developers provide synopses of their candidate vaccines to immunize women to protect against congenital CMV disease and to prevent the consequences of CMV disease in recipients of transplanted organs or hematopoietic stem calls. The projects are presented here roughly in the descending order of their stage of development in the opinion of the first author.

scholarly journals Population genetic analysis of Indian SARS-CoV-2 isolates reveals a unique phylogenetic cluster

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhruv Das ◽  
V.S.S.N.R Akkipeddi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Viral Population ◽  
Population Genetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Cluster ◽  
Indian Study ◽  
Novel Virus

AbstractThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic originated from Wuhan, China in December 2019 raised an alarming situation all over the globe. Sequencing of this novel virus provides an opportunity to evaluate the genetic polymorphism present in the viral population. Herein, we analysed 173 sequences isolated from Indian patients and performed SNP linkage, clustering and phylogenetic analysis to understand the local genetic diversity. We found that the SNP linkages that lead to the identification of some global clades, do not hold true for the local clade classification. In addition to the unique cluster, established by another Indian study, we identified a new cluster (I-20D) that encompasses 28% of the analysed sequences. This cluster is defined by two linked variations – C22444T and C28854T. A detailed study of such polymorphisms can be useful for drug and vaccine development.

scholarly journals Enterovirus infection in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 467-475
Author(s):  
L. N. Golitsyna ◽  
T. T.T. Nguyen ◽  
N. I. Romanenkova ◽  
M. T. Luong ◽  
L. T. Vu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Human Enterovirus ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Enterovirus Infection ◽  
Socialist Republic

Human enterovirus infections comprise a group of infectious diseases caused by viruses of Enterovirus A-D species (genus Enterovirus, family Picornaviridae). Enterovirus infections can vary in clinical manifestations and severity, from asymptomatic infection to serious multisystem diseases. During evolution, enterovirus strains with increased neurovirulence or atypical pathogenicity may emerge exhibiting an epidemic potential. Recently, outbreaks of enterovirus infection with an increased rate of neurological manifestations, a significant percentage of severe cases and lethal outcomes have been observed worldwide, which were associated with enteroviruses EV-A71, EV-D68 etc. The World Health Organization has included EV-A71 and EV-D68 enterovirus infection together with some other dangerous viral diseases considered for inclusion in the List of Blueprint Priority Diseases. In connection with this, global enterovirus surveillance is important for controlling emergence and spread of epidemic enterovirus variants, prediction of establishing epidemic situation, timely conduction of preventive measures and vaccine development. A growing multi-field cooperation between Russia and Vietnam leads to increased two-way population migration, which actualizes scientific and practical collaboration in surveillance and control of infectious disease spread, including enterovirus infection. Currently, epidemiological surveillance of enterovirus infection in Vietnam is based on monitoring hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) rate, laboratory diagnostics of enterovirus infection and identification of enterovirus strains, mainly detected in severe patients. In 2001–2016, 34 non-polio virus types were identified in patients with enterovirus infection, largely represented by viruses EV-A71, CVA6, CVA10, and CVA16. Moreover, the peak incidence of enterovirus infection and related mortality rate were associated with the increased activity of EV-A71 virus. In Vietnam, EVA71 enterovirus of genotypes C1, C4, C5 and B5 circulated at different times. Over the last years, a new pandemic genotype virus CVA6 has been dominating as a causative agent of enterovirus infection in Vietnam as well as the majority of other countries. The data on phylogenetic relation between Vietnamese epidemic EV-A71 and CVA6 strains allowed to find that they underwent multiple betweencountry spreads, whereas their subsequent in-country dissemination resulted in 2011–2012 enterovirus outbreak and sustained high-level HFMD morbidity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of anti-complement immunofluorescence test in cytomegalovirus infection

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-638
Author(s):  
N Rao ◽  
D T Waruszewski ◽  
J A Armstrong ◽  
R W Atchison ◽  
M Ho
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Distinct Advantage ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Immunofluorescence Test ◽  
Cytoplasmic Staining

The anti-complement immunofluorescence (ACIF) technique was evaluated for the diagnosis of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in a group of sera derived from renal transplant recipients and donors by comparing it with the indirect immunofluorescence (FA) and complement fixation (CF) TESTS. The ACIF and FA tests yielded similar results. However, the ACIF test had a distinct advantage over the indirect FA test, since it eliminated the nonspecific cytoplasmic staining that may result in false positive readings in inexperienced hands. Both the indirect FA and ACIF tests were more sensitive than the CF test. In primary CMV infection, the FA and ACIF antibodies appeared earlier and had significantly higher titer than corresponding CF titers. This difference in titers was not seen in seropositive individuals who lacked overt infection. Our previously reported correlation between the seropositivity of the donor and CMV infection in seronegative recipients has been confirmed.

scholarly journals Modern diagnostic and treatment approaches of congenital cytomegalovirus infection: a clinical case

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
O.H. Shadrin ◽  
◽  
A.P. Volokha ◽  
N.H. Chumachenko ◽  
V.M. Fysun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Antiviral Drugs ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Congenital Cmv Infection

Cytomegalovirus infection (CMV) is one of the most common causes of fetal infection. Recently fetal infections cause from 11% to 45% of perinatal losses, according to various authors, and are considered to be one of the most likely causes of congenital malformations, which lead to infants disability and reduce quality of life. CMV-infection clinical picture is very diverse, disguised as other diseases. There may be clinical manifestations of both generalized infection and single organ damage, because the virus has tropism to various organs and tissues. Timely diagnosis and treatment are the key to successful therapy of even severe manifestations of congenital CMV-infection in infants. Antiviral drugs usage can be sufficiently justified in patients with severe infection and can prevent complications. A clinical case of a manifest form of cytomegalovirus infection with severe hepatitis in an infant is presented and the therapeutic efficacy and safety of the ganciclovir and valganciclovir antiviral drugs are shown. The study is performed in accordance with principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution mentioned in the article. Informed consent of parents was obtained for the research. The authors declare no conflict of interest. Key words: infants, congenital cytomegalovirus infection, ganciclovir, valganciclovir, clinical case.

scholarly journals Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: Evaluation and Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
Md Benzamin ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Md Rukunuzzaman ◽  
ASM Bazlul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Disseminated Disease

Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most common congenital infection worldwide and most individuals are eventually exposed to this agent. In developing countries the seroprevalence in women of reproductive age approximates 100%. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has great importance to obstetriciangynecologists and pediatricians. Despite the heavy disease burden, CMV infection is severely under-diagnosed because the majority (approximately 80%) of affected mothers are asymptomatic. The clinical manifestations of congenital CMV infection vary widely, from asymptomatic infection to potentially life-threatening disseminated disease. Prenatal diagnosis of fetal CMV infection can be made by testing amniotic fluid for cytomegalovirus by amniocentesis. Diagnosis of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in neonates should include real-time PCR of saliva, urine, or both, as soon as possible after birth. Antiviral therapy is not routinely recommended for congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Neonates with life-threatening infection and moderately to severely symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus disease, CNS involvement is considered for immediate treatment that should be initiated within first month of life. J Enam Med Col 2019; 9(2): 116-126

scholarly journals Congenital Human Cytomegalovirus Infection and the Enigma of Maternal Immunity

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Britt
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Human Fetus ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus Infection

ABSTRACT Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common viral infection acquired by the developing human fetus and can result in damage to the developing central nervous system. Although vaccine development to modify this congenital infection is ongoing, the unique epidemiology of maternal HCMV infections appears discordant with strategies for vaccine development. Several characteristics of congenital HCMV infections suggest that the efficacy of vaccines designed to induce responses similar to those that follow natural infection will be limited.

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