scholarly journals GOVERNMENT LANGUAGES OF THE REPUBLIC OF MARI EL (HISTORY OF LEGAL REGULATION OF LANGUAGE PROBLEMS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-292
Author(s):  
Elena Alekseevna Kondrashkina
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Language Problems ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
National Languages ◽  
Federal Center

The article is devoted to the study of the legal solution of language problems in the Republic of Mari El since the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Soviet Socialist Republic of Mari El 1990, and ending with modern acts that relate to the functioning of the Russian and Mari languages in the field of education and other fields. The author’s task is to analyze the legal documents adopted over the past years, since they reflect the language policy conducted in the republic and determine its direction. The laws of the Federal Center will also be involved into the comparison, since they set the vector of action to the republican authorities. The topic of language legislation is becoming particularly relevant in connection with the recent discussions in Russian society, creating a conflict situation whether studying the state national languages should be mandatory or voluntary.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Details and Factors of 1920s Famine in the Tatar Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
M. A. Akhmetova ◽  
◽  
A. R. Nurutdinova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Analytical Processing ◽  
The Republic

The year 2020 in the Republic of Tatarstan is declared the year of the 100th anniversary of the formation of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The purpose of the article is a versatile study of archival and record-keeping documents, statistical information and materials of the periodical press, which contribute to the development and arrangement of modern accents and views on the history of the republic. Using the possibilities of scientific work at the intersection of various sciences, the authors of the article have the prospect of an absolutely new approach to the disclosure of the topic being studied. To work with archival documents, the task of statistical and analytical processing of data is set in order to identify significant factors and correlations.

scholarly journals HISTORY OF SCIENCE OF KARAKALPAKSTAN OF THE ХХ CENTURY

2021 ◽  
pp. 241-244
Author(s):  
Temirkhanov Baxtiyar
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Integrated Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Research Institute

The article is devoted to the history of the formation and development of science in Karakalpakstan. It is stated that in 1931 the Karakalpak Integrated Research Institute was established in Turtkul. In the pre-war period, this institute was reorganized several times, as a result of which difficulties arose in coordinating scientific and research work in Karakalpakstan. In 1947, it was transferred to the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan. In 1959, the Karakalpak affiliate of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic was organized on the basis of the Karakalpak Integrated Research Institute, which made it possible to coordinate and develop fundamental scientific research in the republic. The scientists focused on topical issues of the development of the economy and culture of the republic, in particular, the study of natural resources, material and spiritual culture of the Karakalpak people. The author claims that a new stage in the development of this scientific center begins in 1991, when the Karakalpak affiliate of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan receives the status of the Karakalpak branch. The author critically assesses the period of development of science in Karakalpakstan in the 1990s, while claiming that this scientific institution has risen to new stages of its development and certain achievements have been achieved. KEYWORDS. Science; history; scientific expeditions; Karakalpak Scientific Research Institute; reorganization; integrated institute; affiliate, branch; scientific research; department; prospects.

scholarly journals A.Sh. Kabirova (Asylgaraeva) – researcher of Tatarstan women’s contribution to Victory during the war of 1941–1945

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Valery F. Telishev ◽  
◽  
Vasil T. Sakaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Gender Aspect

The article discusses the characterization of A.Sh. Kabirova (Asylgaraeva)’s formation as a researcher at the first stage of her academic biography. The paper shows the scholar’s contribution to the study of the problems of the the Great Patriotic War social history, primarily its gender aspect. The process of writing and defending A.Sh. Kabirova’s Ph.D. dissertation on the topic “Women of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945” is depicted. A description of the significant work accomplished by the researcher is given and its features are indicated. The article was written based on personal memoirs and materials preserved in V.F. Telishev’s personal archive. The paper presents serious work conducted by researcher A.Sh. Kabirova to collect and study information about the place and role of Tatarstan women in the main areas of economic, social, and cultural life of the republic and their involvement at the front of the Great Patriotic War. The significance of this dissertation and the monograph “Women of Tatarstan at the Front and in the Rear”, which was published later on its basis, in developing research of the history of the Tatar republic in the warf period is emphasized.

scholarly journals Anti-Religious Printed Propaganda in the Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic: A Case Study of the Erdem ba Shazhan Magazine

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Marina V. Ayusheeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Scientific Organization ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Tibetan Studies ◽  
Visual Materials

The article analyzes anti-religious propaganda in the early 1920s in the Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on the example of the magazine Erdem ba Shazhan [Science and Religion]. An important component of the state policy in the antireligious struggle in the republic was the Regional Union of Atheists, created in Verkhneudinsk on December 2, 1926. The publication of Erdem ba Shazhan in the Mongolian script was aimed at covering the gap of specialized literature on anti-religious propaganda. While analyzing issues of the magazine stored in the Center of Oriental Manuscripts and Xylographs of the Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, research methods of historical science were used. The source study method has revealed the significance of the magazine as a source for studying atheistic propaganda and introducing a new socialist ideology in Buryat society. Erdem ba Shazhan was a methodological guide for a wide network of circles of the League of Militant Atheists. The magazine described the anti-religious events held in the republic, discredited false religious postulates, and propagandized the new Soviet style of life. For instance, the magazine published scientific disputes with lamas about the essence of religion. The analysis of the contents of Erdem ba Shazhan shows that educational issues were aimed at the broad promotion of the new life and eradication of religious remnants occupied more than a half of its volume. The magazine had no thematic sections, but it is possible to identify several main headings: propaganda and educational materials, popular scientific articles, short news, literary life. The “short news” part presented items on the activities of not only the Union of Atheists, but also of the first scientific organization—Buruchkom. The history of overcoming religiousness and inculcating the new ideology found reflection in the works of fiction the magazine published. Young writers, scientists, and educators (Kh. Namsaraev, Ts. Don, D. Madason) collaborated with Erdem ba Shazhan. The magazine also contained visual materials: photos, drawings, caricatures. It is worth noting the original design of the magazine cover made by Ts. Sampilov. Along with other publications in the Mongolian script, Erdem ba Shazhan promoted the development of atheistic education. The magazine illustrated the most diverse aspects of the life of the Buryat population with an emphasis on the scientific nature of events. Thus, the publication of the magazine Erdem ba Shazhan had a significant impact on the development of the atheistic movement in the republic, along with more accessible forms of printed propaganda in the form of posters and other visual means, such as cinema and theater. In general, this magazine compensated for the lack of specialized literature in the Buryat language, being the only methodological guide for a network of atheist cells in rural areas.

scholarly journals Od internacjonalnej do własnej historii – mniejszość białoruska w Polsce

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 190-211
Author(s):  
Wojciech Śleszyński
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
World War ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania

From international history to one’s own history – Belorusian minority in PolandAfter World War II the Belarusians who did not leave Poland could gain upward mobility only if they avoided displaying their national and cultural distinctiveness. Belarusians made a political choice which coincided with a vision of history and thus accepted a historical narrative spread by communist circles. The narrative constructed by the Belarusian minority was consistent with the officially proclaimed state ideological narrative. It contained mostly the history of the Communist Party of Western Belarus and described a difficult situation of Belarus in the Second Polish Republic and during World War II (especially the Great Patriotic War).The Belarusian community made first attempts to rebuild the current vision of the world in 1980–1981. Students tried to create an alternative historical narrative that contradicted the communist one. However, it was a gradual collapse of the communist system that became an impetus for more active development of the Belarusian minority in Poland, and consequently, the creation of its own national vision of history. The Belarusian heritage has been based on the Belarusian People's Republic and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and not, as it was in the Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus or after 1994, on the Republic of Belarus and the victory in the Great Patriotic War.  Od internacjonalnej do własnej historii – mniejszość białoruska w PolscePozostała w Polsce po II wojnie światowej społeczność białoruska uzyskała możliwość awansu społecznego pod warunkiem nieeksponowania swojej narodowej i kulturowej odrębności. Białorusini, dokonując wyboru politycznego, pokrywającego się z wyborem wizji historii, akceptowali obraz dziejów prezentowany przez środowiska komunistyczne. Konstruowany przez mniejszość białoruską przekaz historyczny zgodny był z oficjalnie głoszonym państwowym przekazem ideologicznym. Dominowały treści o historii Komunistycznej Partii Zachodniej Białorusi, o trudnej sytuacji białoruskiej w II RP i w latach II wojny światowej, ale z naciskiem położonym jedynie na okres Wielkiej Wojny Ojczyźnianej.Pierwsze próby przebudowy dotychczasowej wizji świata przez społeczność białoruską zostały podjęte w latach 1980–1981. Zwłaszcza środowiska studenckie próbowały stworzyć alternatywę dla dotychczasowego skomunizowanego, białoruskiego przekazu historycznego. Jednak dopiero stopniowy upadek systemu komunistycznego stał się impulsem do coraz bardziej aktywnego rozwoju mniejszości białoruskiej w Polsce, a co za tym idzie także kreowania własnej, narodowej wizji dziejów. Fundamentem, na którym budowana była pamięć o dziedzictwie, stało się odwoływanie się do Białoruskiej Republiki Ludowej i Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego, a nie, jak to miało miejsce w Białoruskiej Socjalistycznej Republice Sowieckiej czy po 1994 r. w Republice Białoruś, zwycięstwa w Wielkiej Wojnie Ojczyźnianej.

scholarly journals Socio-Political Mechanisms of Constructing Contemporary Regional Myth: The New Past for the Republic of Tatarstan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Ovchinnikov
Keyword(s):  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
Regional History ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Territorial Division

The article analyzes socio-political conditions in which contemporary myths about the regional past are constructed. It focuses on ethno-national histories, which are integral to the current ideologies of ‘national republics’ in the Russian Federation. In the 1990s, the Republic of Tatarstan, situated in the middle Volga region, epitomized the ‘parade of sovereignties’ of ethnic regions of Russia. The political drift towards sovereignty was reproduced in regional history writing. Since the early 2000s, however, as the ‘vertical of power’ has been strengthened, attempts were made to develop a unified historical canon for the whole of Russia. At present Tatarstan’s historical narrative follows the preferences of the regional political elite, which aims at creating a separate segment in the puzzle of Russia’s ‘new past’ while mitigating conflictual entanglements of common history. Nevertheless, the  History of  Tatarstan was not subsumed by the  History of Russia, and this disciplinary independence – inherited from the History of  Tatar  Soviet Socialist Republic – facilitated the fast ‘sovereignization’ of regional history. The separate historical narrative of Tatarstan persistently brings up the concept of ‘Tatar world, which competes in a way with its Russian counterpart – ‘Russian world’. The competition between the federal and regional levels of history writing is caused by the administrative and territorial division of Russia rather than by the genuine ‘struggle of ideas’ and it reflects the complexity of imperial legacy rather than confirms the emergence of a civic nation. Keywords: myth, ethno-national history, Tatarstan, Bolğar, ‘Tatar world’

Resettlement Processes in the Ukrainian SSR during the Holodomor (1932–34)

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-99
Author(s):  
Olesia Rozovyk
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Power ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Federative Socialist Republic

This article, based on archival documents, reveals resettlement processes in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1932–34, which were conditioned by the repressive policy of the Soviet power. The process of resettlement into those regions of the Soviet Ukraine where the population died from hunger most, and which was approved by the authorities, is described in detail. It is noted that about 90,000 people moved from the northern oblasts of the Ukrainian SSR to the southern part of the republic. About 127,000 people arrived in Soviet Ukraine from the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR) and the western oblasts of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR). The material conditions of their residence and the reasons for the return of settlers to their previous places of inhabitance are described. I conclude that the resettlement policy of the authorities during 1932–34 changed the social and national composition of the eastern and southern oblasts of Ukraine.

scholarly journals ON THE SPECIFICS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE PLENIPOTENTIARIES OF THE STATE DEFENSIVE COMMITTEE DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (ACCORDING TO DOCUMENTS OF FEDERAL AND REGIONAL ARCHIVES)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
D. V. Repnikov
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Federal State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Central State ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
History Of

The article is devoted to such an important aspect of the activities of the plenipotentiaries of the State Defensive Committee during the Great Patriotic War, as conflicts of authority. Contradictions between the plenipotentiaries of the State Defensive Committee and the leaders of party, state, economic bodies at various levels, as well as between the plenipotentiaries themselves, that were expressed in the emergence of various disputes and often resulted in conflicts of authority, became commonplace in the functioning of the state power system of the USSR in the war period. Based on documents from federal (State Archive of the Russian Federation, Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, Russian State Archive of Economics) and regional (Central State Archive of the Udmurt Republic, Center for Documentation of the Recent History of the Udmurt Republic) archives, the author considers a conflict of authority situation that developed during the Great Patriotic War in the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, which shows that historical reality is more complicated than the stereotypical manifestations of it.

scholarly journals National language issue in Soviet Azerbaijan (1920’s)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Khagan Balayev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Executive Committee ◽  
National Language ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military

On April 28, 1920, the Peoples Republic of Azerbaijan was overthrown as a result of the intrusion of the military forces of Russia and the support of the local communists, the Soviet power was established in Azerbaijan. The Revolutionary Committee of Azerbaijan and the Council of Peoples Commissars continued the language policy of the Peoples Republic of Azerbaijan. On February 28, 1921, the Revolutionary Committee of Azerbaijan issued an instruction on the application of Russian and Turkish as languages for correspondences in the government offices. On June 27, 1924, the Azerbaijani Soviet Socialist Republic executed the resolution of the second session of the Central Executive Committee of Transcaucasia and issued a decree “on the application of the official language, of the language of the majority and minority of the population in the government offices of the republic”. Article 1 of the said decree declared that the official language in the Azerbaijani Soviet Socialist Republic was Turkish.

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