ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF OIL POLLUTION AND BIOLOGICAL PREPARATION ON BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF PLANTS PHYTOREMEDIATE

AbstractOil leak from vehicles is one of the most common pollution types of the road. The spilled oil could be retained on the surface and spread in the air voids of the road, which results in a decrease in the friction coefficient of the road, affects driving safety, and causes damage to pavement materials over time. Photocatalytic degradation through nano-TiO2 is a safe, long-lasting, and sustainable technology among the many methods for treating oil contamination on road surfaces. In this study, the nano-TiO2 photocatalytic degradation effect of road surface oil pollution was evaluated through the lab experiment. First, a glass dish was used as a substrate to determine the basic working condition of the test; then, a test method considering the impact of different oil erosion degrees was proposed to eliminate the effect of oil erosion on asphalt pavement and leakage on cement pavement, which led to the development of a lab test method for the nano-TiO2 photocatalytic degradation effect of oil pollution on different road surfaces.

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COSMO–SkyMed Synthetic Aperture Radar Data to Observe the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

10.20944/preprints201805.0442.v2 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ferdinando Nunziata ◽

Andrea Buono ◽

Maurizio Migliaccio

Keyword(s):

Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽

Oil Spills ◽

Oil Pollution ◽

Deepwater Horizon ◽

Synthetic Aperture ◽

Synthetic Aperture Radar Data ◽

Pollution Event ◽

The Impact ◽

Csk Constellation ◽

Aperture Radar

Oil spills are adverse events that may be very harmful to ecosystems and food chain. In particular, large sea oil spills are very dramatic occurrence often affecting sea and coastal areas. Therefore the sustainability of oil rig infrastructures and oil transportation via oil tankers are linked to law enforcement based on proper monitoring techniques which are also fundamental to mitigate the impact of such pollution. Within this context, in this study a meaningful showcase is analyzed using remotely sensed measurements collected by the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) operated by the COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) constellation. The showcase presented refers to the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil incident that occurred in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010. It is one of the world's largest incidental oil pollution event that affected a sea area larger than 10,000 km2. In this study we exploit, for the first time, dual co-polarization SAR data collected by the Italian CSK X-band SAR constellation showing the key benefits of HH-VV SAR measurements in observing such a huge oil pollution event, especially in terms of the very dense revisit time offered by the CSK constellation.

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Effects of synbiotic supplement on LPS level in Thai smokers: A preliminary study

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v11i1.26495 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 16-21

Author(s):

Parama Pratummas ◽

Vachrintr Sirisapsombat ◽

Phuttharaksa Phucharoen ◽

Thamthiwat Nararatwanchai ◽

Chaiyavat Chaiyasut ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nicotine Dependence ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Biochemical Parameter ◽

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Intestinal Microbiome ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Test Study ◽

Post Test ◽

History Of ◽

The Impact

Background: The impacts of smoking on the intestinal microbiome piece and arranged assortment have been appeared in different arranged controlled and observational clinical trials in individuals. Synbiotics are utilized not fair for the progressed survival of beneﬁcial microorganisms included to food, however in expansion for the prompting of the duplication of speciﬁc nearby bacterial strains display within the gastrointestinal tract. Aims and Objective: This research proposes the impact of synbiotic supplement on gut-brain axis in Thai smokers in the realm of gut-related biochemical parameters and cognition. Materials and Methods: We directed a single gathering, pre-and post-test study; 20 patients lived in Mahasarakham, Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence at 4 or above, and no history of cerebrovascular diseases, brain and abdominal surgery, and not taking hormones or medications impacted brainwaves or utilizing antibiotics inside about fourteen days prior. Subjects were allocated to synbiotic supplement containing 3 kinds of prebiotics and 7 types of probiotics prior to sleep every day for about two months. Results:Results were estimated in gut-related biochemical parameters change and alternation in cognition. The present outcomes have indicated essentially decline in the scores of Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence and also the scores of craving for smoke after intervention. In additions, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in plasma significantly decreased after the intervention. Conclusion: Further researches are obligatory to lead in finding a propensity to improve in gut-related biochemical parameter and cognition after admission of synbiotic supplement.

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OIL POLLUTION STUDIES ON LAKE MARACAIBO. VENEZUELA

International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings ◽

10.7901/2169-3358-1975-1-489 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 1975 (1) ◽

pp. 489-496 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

W.L. Templeton ◽

E.A. Sutton ◽

R.M. Bean ◽

R.C. Arnett ◽

J.W. Blaylock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Lake Water ◽

Oil Pollution ◽

Surface Films ◽

Fishery Resources ◽

Lake Maracaibo ◽

Commercial Species ◽

Potential Impact ◽

High Concentrations ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACT The results of a 2-year study on the impact of oil discharges on the fishery resources of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela, are presented. The lake system is described, together with relevant water quality, hydrographic, ecological, and fishery resources data. Sources of other types of pollution, domestic and industrial, are described, and their potential impact on the system are discussed. Analysis of environmental samples-water, sediments, and biota-showed low concentrations of oil in lake water and no detectable accumulation of petroleum-derived hydrocarbons in muscle tissue of selected commercial species. The occurrence of bituminous materials in the sediments, particularly in the oil production area, suggests that the natural processes of volatilization, biodegradation, and sedimentation are the major mechanisms for the removal of oil from the surface waters. Laboratory studies on the toxicity of oil indicate that relatively high concentrations of oil are required to cause mortality. Extraction of oil with lake water, however, indicated that concentrations of total light aromatic fractions were toxic in the parts per million range. The rapid loss, in a few hours, of light hydrocarbons from surface films of oil to the atmosphere was shown to reduce the toxicity to organisms significantly. Examination of the limited fisheries data available does not suggest that the resources are being depleted. However, consideration of the potential impact of nonpetroleum wastes indicates that they are contributing to the degradation of the water quality which, if unchecked, may subsequently reduce the biological resources of the lake.

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EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTION ON INDUSTRIAL WATER INTAKES1

International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings ◽

10.7901/2169-3358-1989-1-473 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 1989 (1) ◽

pp. 473-478

Author(s):

J. A. Nichols ◽

H. D. Parker

Keyword(s):

Coastal Waters ◽

Oil Spills ◽

Oil Pollution ◽

Industrial Plant ◽

Industrial Plants ◽

Power Stations ◽

Different Types ◽

Flash Distillation ◽

Desalination Plants ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACT Oil spills in coastal waters sometimes give rise to concerns that oil may become entrained in the seawater intakes of power stations, desalination units, and other industrial plants. This paper reviews the findings of an investigation, undertaken by the International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation and Sir M. MacDonald & Partners, on the effects of oil pollution on water-cooled electricity-generating stations and desalination plants using multistage flash distillation and reverse osmosis. The various components that could be contaminated by oil are described and, using case studies wherever possible, the effects on equipment, heat transfer surfaces, and potable water are discussed. Finally considered are various methods of minimizing the impact of oil and financial implications of oil contamination for the different types of industrial plant.

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WHERE RESPONSE MEETS NATURAL RESOURCE DAMAGE ASSESSMENT (NRDA)

International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings ◽

10.7901/2169-3358-2008-1-1153 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 2008 (1) ◽

pp. 1153-1155 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jason Lehto

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Natural Resources ◽

Natural Resource ◽

Damage Assessment ◽

Oil Pollution ◽

Liaison Officer ◽

Incident Command System ◽

Incident Command ◽

Natural Resource Damage Assessment ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACT During oil spill incidents, NRDA and response activities may co-occur. This paper discusses those occurrences, focusing on ephemeral data collection and emergency restoration. Current laws provide some guidance for how these activities may be coordinated. The Field Operations Guide (FOG) and the National Contingency Plan (NCP) state that it is the responsibility of the Incident Commander (IC) to notify natural resource trustees of the incident and to coordinate NRDA representative's activities through the Liaison Officer. The FOG and NCP also state that it is the responsibility of the trustees to conduct their NRDA preassessment activities without hindering the response. The overlap between NRDA and response may be further complicated because many trustees may work within the environmental unit or the wildlife recovery unit for the response and also have the responsibility to work on NRDA. They may work in the Incident Command System advising the IC on response issues while also trying to initiate a damage assessment. Data collection during a response is critical for managing the incident as well as performing a thorough damage assessment. Although the types of data collected to aid the response may be similar to those used in damage assessment, often the scale and level of detail may be quite different. Even with these differences, synergies in ephemeral data collection may exist. Emergency restoration activities do sometimes occur before the response has concluded. The Oil Pollution Act regulations state that emergency restoration may occur if the action is needed to avoid the loss of natural resources, or to prevent any continuing danger to natural resources. If the trustees determine that emergency restoration is needed, they are required to consult with the IC prior to taking any such action. As an example, this paper will discuss emergency restoration actions undertaken during the Whatcom creek, WA gasoline spill to reduce the impact to migrating salmon.

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THE IPIECA OIL SPILL WORKING GROUP 20:20 VISION REFLECTIONS AND PROJECTIONS ON OUR 20TH ANNIVERSARY

International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings ◽

10.7901/2169-3358-2008-1-1093 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 2008 (1) ◽

pp. 1093-1095

Author(s):

Bernie Bennett ◽

Yvette Osikilo

Keyword(s):

Oil Spill ◽

Working Group ◽

Oil Pollution ◽

Full Range ◽

Petroleum Industry ◽

Environmental Conservation ◽

International Convention ◽

Oil Spill Response ◽

20Th Anniversary ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACT The International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association (IPIECA) Oil Spill Working Group (OSWG) is celebrating its 20th anniversary. Its mission has been, through education, training and awareness initiatives, to enhance the state of preparedness and response to marine oil spill incidents in priority coastal locations around the world. Its programme is carried out in close cooperation with the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and operates within the context of the International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Cooperation (OPRC), 1990. The OSWG is made up of oil spill managers and specialists from IPIECA member companies and associations, supported by invited representatives from other organisations in the oil spill response community. It aims to ensure that the full range of industry interests is adequately reflected in its work programme. Coordination between these industry-based organisations and the IMO remains an essential ingredient in the success of the OSWG programme This paper reviews the main activities and achievements of the IPIECA OSWG over the last 20 years and attempt to illustrate and measure the impact of its work on global oil spill preparedness. We then hypothesize as to how the work of the IPIECA OSWG might develop over the next 20 years, which could serve as future strategic/planning guidance.

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