scholarly journals Evaluation of the Kostroma Breed Bull-Sires According to the Genotypes of Casein and Fertilizing Ability

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
А.А. Королев ◽  
Н.С. Баранова
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Homozygous Genotype ◽  
Fertilizing Ability ◽  
Beta Casein ◽  
Breeding Farms

Представлен анализ носительства ценных генотипов по каппа-казеину (ВВ) и бета-казеину (А2А2) у быков-производителей костромской породы. У этих быков изучена их оплодотворяющая способность. Материалом для исследования послужили геномные паспорта, племенные свидетельства на быков-производителей костромской породы и базы СЕЛЭКС двух племенных хозяйств. Быки заводских линий имеют относительно невысокую кровность по бурой швицкой породе (от 7 до 41%). Носителями ценного генотипа для производства сыра (ВВ) являются 11 быков (55,0%). Генотип по бета-казеину А2А2 выявлен у 9 быков (45,0%). Быки-производители Лечо 667, Кагор 41, Клим 996, Залив 9220, Маневр 8589 имеют одновременный гомозиготный генотип по каппа-казеину (ВВ) и бета-казеину (А2А2). Среди быков костромской породы отсутствуют генотипы по каппа-казеину (AA) и бета-казеину (А1А1). Для характеристики оплодотворяющей способности семени брали данные по быкам, семенем которых осеменено не менее 80–100 коров и тёлок. Быки-производители Буран 95 и Залив 9220 имели высокие индексы осеменения тёлок (1,5–1,6) в обоих хозяйствах. В племенном хозяйстве СПК «Гридино» высокий индекс осеменения коров выявлен у быка Залива 9220 (1,6), что превосходит показатели (при Р < 0,01) других быков: Бурана 95 (на 0,2) и Лечо 667 (на 0,4). Данные исследования могут использоваться при закреплении быков-производителей в хозяйствах с целью совершенствования качественных показателей молока, необходимых для производства сыра и молочных продуктов. The analysis of valuable genotypes carrier by kappa-casein (BB) and beta-casein (A2A2) in bull-sires of the Kostroma breed is presented. The fertilizing ability of these bulls has been studied. The material for the study was genomic passports, breeding certificates for bulls-sires of the Kostroma breed and CELEX bases of two breeding farms. Bulls of factory lines have a relatively low blood along the Brown Swiss breed (from 7 to 41%). The carriers of the valuable genotype for cheese (BB) production are 11 bulls (55.0%). The beta-casein genotype A2A2 was found in 9 bulls (45.0%). Bull-sires Lecho 667, Kagor 41, Klim 996, Zaliv 9220, Manevr 8589 have a simultaneous homozygous genotype for kappa-casein (BB) and beta-casein (A2A2). Among the bulls of the Kostroma breed, there are no genotypes for kappa-casein (AA) and beta-casein (A1A1). To characterize the fertilizing ability of the semen, data on bulls were taken, the semen of which was inseminated at least 80–100 cows and heifers. Bull-sires Buran 95 and Zaliv 9220 had high insemination indices for heifers (1.5–1.6) in both farms. In the breeding farm of the APC Gridino, a high cow insemination index was found in the bull Zaliv 9220 (1.6), which exceeds the indicators (at P < 0.01) of other bulls: Buran 95 (by 0.2) and Lecho 667 (by 0.4). The research data can be used in fixing bull-sires in farms in order to improve the quality indicators of milk necessary for the production of cheese and dairy products

POLYMORPHISM OF THE BETA-CASEIN GENE IN HOLSTEIN COWS

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-21
Author(s):  
Л.В. КАЛАШНИКОВА ◽  
В.Г. ТРУФАНОВ ◽  
Я.А. ХАБИБРАХМАНОВА ◽  
Т.Б. ГАНЧЕНКОВА ◽  
Н.В. РЫЖОВА ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
Casein Gene ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Allele Variant ◽  
Beta Casein ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Breeding Farms

Представлены результаты исследований частоты встречаемости аллельных вариантов А1 и А2 гена бета-казеина (CSN2) у животных голштинской породы (n=510), принадлежащих пяти племенным хозяйствам Российской Федерации. Анализ ДНК проводился методом полимеразной цепной реакции с искусственно созданным сайтом рестрикции (ACRS-ПЦР). В среднем, по всему исследованному поголовью частота генотипов составила: A1A1—15% (n=78), A1A2—41 % (n=210), A2A2—44% (n=222). Частота желательного аллельного варианта А2 в среднем по всем стадам достигла 0,641 и превысила частоту аллеля А1 (0,359). Генотип А2А2 чаще встречается в группе племенных животных, импортированных из Дании. Им обладают 77% особей из 40 исследованных. Частота аллеля А2 в стаде исследуемого племенного хозяйства Курской области в 7 раз превысила частоту аллеля А1 и достигла 0,875. На 2-ом месте по частоте аллеля А2 находится маточное поголовье, завезенное из США. В племенном хозяйстве Московской области 42% животных из 354 исследованных имеют желательный генотип А2А2, частота аллеля А2 составила 0,640. В Камчатском крае отмечена сходная частота аллеля А2 (0,635) у племенных особей голштинской породы североамериканской селекции. В группе скота венгерской селекции, принадлежащей племенному хозяйству Рязанской области, частота аллеля А2 гена CSN2 ниже (0,611).  В другом хозяйстве этого региона у голштинской породы канадского происхождения частота аллеля А1 (0,522) превысила частоту аллеля А2 (0,478). По исследованному поголовью оценки наблюдаемой (Ho) и ожидаемой (He) гетерозиготности имеют сходные значения и составляют 0,430 и 0,460 соответственно. The results of studies of the frequency of occurrence of allelic variants A1 and A2 of the beta-casein gene (CSN2) in Holstein animals (n=510) belonging to five breeding farms of the Russian Federation are presented. DNA analysis was performed by polymerase chain reaction with an artificially created restriction site (ACRS-PCR). On average, the frequency of genotypes for the entire studied population was: A1A1-15% (n=78), A1A2—41% (n=210), A2A2—44% (n=222). The frequency of the desired A2 allele variant reached 0.641 on average across all herds and exceeded the frequency of the A1 allele (0.359). The A2A2 genotype is more common in a group of breeding animals imported from Denmark. It is possessed by 77% of the 40 individuals studied. The frequency of the A2 allele in the herd of the studied breeding farm of the Kursk region was 7 times higher than the frequency of the A1 allele and reached 0.875. On the 2nd place in the frequency of the A2 allele is the breeding stock imported from the United States. In the breeding farm of the Moscow region, 42% of the 354 animals studied have the desired genotype A2A2, the frequency of the A2 allele was 0.640. In the Kamchatka Territory, a similar frequency of the A2 allele (0.635) was observed in cows of the Holstein breed of North American selection. In the group of Hungarian-bred cattle belonging to the Ryazan Region breeding farm, the frequency of the A2 allele of the CSN2 gene is lower (0.611). In another farm in this region, the Holstein breed of Canadian origin had the frequency of the A1 allele (0.522) higher than the frequency of the A2 allele (0.478). For the studied livestock, the estimates of observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity have similar values and are 0.430 and 0.460, respectively.

scholarly journals Berry fillers based on local plant raw materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 07009
Author(s):  
Svetlana Gabelko ◽  
Olesya Ionova
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Organoleptic Evaluation ◽  
Physicochemical Quality ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Local Plant

When developing a diet for citizens with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract or obesity, it is necessary to adhere to a therapeutic diet in which bakery products and dairy products with berry fillers can be wholesome ingredients. In order to increase the range of berry fillers based on local plant raw materials, the physicochemical quality indicators were studied and the organoleptic evaluation of fillers with various types of thickeners was given.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dairy Sector Safety and Security in Three Hypermarkets (A, B, C) from Transylvania County

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Romina Alina Vlaic ◽  
Sevastita Muste ◽  
Cristina Semeniuc ◽  
Andruta Muresan ◽  
Andrei Borsa
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

The safety and  security of milk and dairy products were monitored in three hypermarkets from Transylvania County by evaluation of  several essential key parameters. Results showed variations of quality indicators and this leaded to nomination of each source of interference in order to determine the responsibility of each supermarket

scholarly journals Facilitating Harmonized Data Quality Assessments. A Data Quality Framework for Observational Health Research Data Collections With Software Implementations in R

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Schmidt ◽  
Stephan Struckmann ◽  
Cornelia Enzenbach ◽  
Achim Reineke ◽  
Jürgen Stausberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Formal Concept ◽  
Software Implementations ◽  
Quality Framework ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
Data Quality Indicators

Abstract Background No standards exist for the handling and reporting of data quality in health research. This work introduces a data quality framework for observational health research data collections with supporting software implementations to facilitate harmonized data quality assessments. Methods Developments were guided by the evaluation of an existing data quality framework and literature reviews. Functions for the computation of data quality indicators were written in R. The concept and implementations are illustrated based on data from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP).Results The data quality framework comprises 34 data quality indicators. These target three aspects of data quality: compliance with pre-specified structural and technical requirements (Integrity), presence of data values (completeness), and error in the data values (correctness). R functions calculate data quality metrics based on the provided study data and metadata and R Markdown reports are generated. Guidance on the concept and tools is available through a dedicated website. Conclusions The presented data quality framework is the first of its kind for observational health research data collections that links a formal concept to implementations in R. The framework and tools facilitate harmonized data quality assessments in pursue of transparent and reproducible research. Application scenarios comprise data quality monitoring while a study is carried out as well as performing an initial data analysis before starting substantive scientific analyses.

INFLUENCE OF PARENTS ON THE MAXIMUM MILK YIELD OF BROWN SWISS AND SYCHEVSKY COWS BREEDS

1970 ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
N. V. Kuz'mina ◽  
D. N. Kol'tsov
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
Mothers And Daughters ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Typical Distribution ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Breeding Farms

We studied the influence of parents on the maximum milk yield in mature cows-daughters of reliable origin in the Smolensk region breeding farms on samples of 207 individuals of the brown Swiss breed from the agricultural production cooperative "Druzhba" and 290 Sychevskaya (Сollective enterprise "Rybkovskoe"), born since 2009. Mothers and daughters are ranked according to the degree of the trait development into three classes of the variation series. Both breeds are characterized by a typical distribution with a slight shift in the frequency of daughters towards the class of mothers, in the absence of its reliable effect on the milk yield of daughters. The daughters from the best group and everyone else almost have equal milk yield with mothers. The best cows come from mothers of different classes, about half of whom are from the highest, with a productive index close to the average. A low degree of father’s influence (less than 20%) in the samples on the frequency of distribution of their daughters by classes of the variation series, depending on the maximum milk yield, was determined. The correlation coefficient of the bull parental index (BPI) and milk yield does not exceed 0.2. In the best daughters group, the influence of fathers is not confirmed. With the combination of mothers and fathers no definite patterns were revealed in the role of parents in the qualitative change of daughters relative to mothers, both in the sample as a whole and in the best daughters.

scholarly journals Facilitating harmonized data quality assessments. A data quality framework for observational health research data collections with software implementations in R

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Oliver Schmidt ◽  
Stephan Struckmann ◽  
Cornelia Enzenbach ◽  
Achim Reineke ◽  
Jürgen Stausberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Formal Concept ◽  
Software Implementations ◽  
Quality Framework ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
Data Quality Indicators

Abstract Background No standards exist for the handling and reporting of data quality in health research. This work introduces a data quality framework for observational health research data collections with supporting software implementations to facilitate harmonized data quality assessments. Methods Developments were guided by the evaluation of an existing data quality framework and literature reviews. Functions for the computation of data quality indicators were written in R. The concept and implementations are illustrated based on data from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). Results The data quality framework comprises 34 data quality indicators. These target four aspects of data quality: compliance with pre-specified structural and technical requirements (integrity); presence of data values (completeness); inadmissible or uncertain data values and contradictions (consistency); unexpected distributions and associations (accuracy). R functions calculate data quality metrics based on the provided study data and metadata and R Markdown reports are generated. Guidance on the concept and tools is available through a dedicated website. Conclusions The presented data quality framework is the first of its kind for observational health research data collections that links a formal concept to implementations in R. The framework and tools facilitate harmonized data quality assessments in pursue of transparent and reproducible research. Application scenarios comprise data quality monitoring while a study is carried out as well as performing an initial data analysis before starting substantive scientific analyses but the developments are also of relevance beyond research.

scholarly journals Optimization of quality indicators of raw milk and dairy products

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 06007
Author(s):  
Tatiana Ananeva ◽  
Vera Ostroukhova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Milk Processing ◽  
Microbiological Safety ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Milk is a part of many food products. In the expert assessment of raw material quality, primary attention should be paid to its microbiological safety, since poisoning with dairy products is a common cause of gastrointestinal tract diseases. The experiment was conducted on the basis of the Educational and Production Livestock Complex of the FSBEI HE RSAU – MAA n.a. K.A. Timiryazev (city of Moscow). The purpose of the study is to optimize the quality indicators of raw milk and dairy products. A method of raw milk processing has been studied to reduce the number of potentially dangerous microorganisms in the products produced from it. The fact of changes in organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters under the influence of an electromagnetic field is established; the quantitative and qualitative composition of milk and yogurt microorganisms is assessed. The article describes the issues of ensuring the microbiological safety of raw milk and suggests a method for optimizing the sanitary and hygienic indicators of dairy products, in accordance with the current requirements of regulatory documents.

INFLUENCE OF PARENTS ON MILK YIELD OF SYCHEVSKAYA AND BROWN SWISS COWS BREED

1970 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
N. V. Kuzmina ◽  
D. N. Koltsov
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Parental Influence ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Additive Action ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Offspring Genotype ◽  
Breeding Farms

Stock breeding with domestic cattle in the Smolensk region based on generally accepted methods does not allow for effective control of the genetic processes occurring in herds. Existing approaches take into account the additive action of genes only and do not take into account dominance and epistasis, which, against the background of the non-systemic influence of the external environment, does not allow an objective assessment of the genetic contribution of ancestors into the offspring genotype. The aim of the research the influence of parents on the milk yield of daughters for the first lactation using the method of assessing the degree of parental influence (SRV) was to study. The work on a sample of 976 and 224 breed of Sychevka and Brown Swiss cows in herds of breeding farms of Smolensk region KP "Rybkowski" and SPK "Druzba" was conducted. For both breeds, it is characteristic that the daughters of mothers divided into three classes of variation series according to the degree of development of the trait, showed no significant difference in milk yield depending on the class of the mother. Within each class of mothers, there was a slight shift in the frequency of similarly distributed daughters towards the class of mothers. Fathers influenced the milk yield of their daughters, the frequency of their distribution in classes of variation series, and the qualitative change of daughters relative to mothers. The productive characteristics of mothers did not significantly affect the maximum milk yield of their daughters. None of the quality groups of bulls had an advantage in the number of best daughters.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document