scholarly journals Trends in the Physical and Social Urban Form: Policy-Making and Natural Sustainable Development Dialectics

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Mohammed Abid ◽  
Ahmed Adnan Saeed ◽  
Saad Fuad Ghaidan Al-Beyaty
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Planning Decision ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
City Plan ◽  
The City

The study deals with the patterns of land use composition, spreading and distribution in Khalidiya city, Anbar Province, Iraq. Regarding the generation of slums with endemic mismanagement in the city of Al Khalidiya, the land use pattern needs urgently to be studied and then problems which arise from improper planning can be identified to enable the development of a strategic optimum application. The objective of the study is to identify natural and administrative contexts in shaping the urban form of Khalidiya indicators that influence property use, such as natural, human variables and spatial interactions and to provide combinations and reasons for land use, economic social and utilities feedback in the area under the study. Indicator influence was calculated in context of natural growth and planning decision-making using the SPSS software. The model input was focused on information sources: field studies, immediate interviews with individual municipal decision makers and the Governorate's Directorate for Urban Planning. The development of Khalidiya has largely been focused on natural contexts (economic and social), with a view to only addressing the residential crisis, whilst all facilities and utilities have been overlooked with no concept of sustainability, together with the usage of natural and human capital. The city plan highlights the failure to utilize agricultural areas, prospective tourism, and renewable sources as well as environmental and economic tasks.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Physical, Spatial and Demographic Expansions in Ilam City from 1956 to 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Karamreza Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Health Economic ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Spatial Expansion ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Library Studies ◽  
Physical Expansion ◽  
The City

The physical and spatial expansion of cities, which often taken place without planning, caused numerous environmental, health, economic and social problems. This study investigates the physical, spatial, and demographic development and expansion of Ilam city in Iran for over 60 years. To achieve these goals, library studies, data analysis, and field studies were applied. The process of development in Ilam and its demographic changes from 1956 to 2016 has been presented, and then, the spatial-physical expansion of the city is evaluated. The results showed that several factors had impacted the physical development and expansion of Ilam. The highest growth was observed between 1976 and 1986. Also, the development of the city has been more horizontal. The study results show the correlation, intensity, extension, and mechanism of conversion and land-use change in Ilam city and embody its spatial-physical expansion.

Assessing impacts of urban form on GHG emission with high-resolution spatial grids to implement nature-based solutions for carbon neutral cities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Page ◽  
Haozhi Pan ◽  
Zahra Kalantari
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
The Impact

<p>Globally, urban areas contribute significantly to the emissions of the greenhouse gases (GHGs) which are leading to anthropogenic climate change. To achieve long-term sustainable development goals, urban regions will need to grow and develop in such a way that they can both provide a good quality of life for all of their inhabitants, and also reduce and offset their GHG emissions to reach and maintain net-zero GHG emissions.</p><p>This work aims to further our understanding of the impact of urban form and growth on GHG emissions, to identify ways in which nature-based solutions (NBS) can be integrated into urban planning to help cities reach net zero emissions while continuing to grow sustainably. We will conduct a high-resolution (1x1km) spatial accounting and mapping of GHG emissions from selected urban anthropogenic activities (residential, commercial, transportation) for Stockholm, Sweden which includes those factors relevant to and impacted by urban form (such as density, land use pattern transportation networks, green spaces) to allow for the analysis of different types of city spatial patterns and planning decisions and their implications in GHG emissions. The results will be further expanded to cities across the European Union (EU) for comparison. Conclusions will be drawn about where and how NBS interventions should be used most effectively to reduce urban GHG emissions and facilitate sustainable city growth in the future.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Sustainable cities; Land-use; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Nature-based Solutions</p>

Market Cities, People Cities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin T. Smiley
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Decentralized Governance ◽  
The City

Cities are diverging in our contemporary era. Specifically, we use our analysis of Copenhagen and Houston to argue that cities exist for one of two reasons: for markets or for people. Market Cities (such as Houston) are dedicated to an unfettered free market ethos, individualism, and tolerance of high levels of inequality and decentralized governance, among other characteristics. By contrast, People Cities (such as Copenhagen) have a much greater collective ideal that drives the city toward attenuating inequality, strengthening government, and sanctioning “people-focused” policies and urban form. The first four chapters of the book showcase “how it happens” by introducing the perspective and studying the histories of the cities. We also showcase how government deeply shapes each type of city as well as the critical role that residents play in underpinning or contesting their city. The second part of the book (chapters 5 through 9) investigates “why it matters.” We discuss the implications of living in a Market City or People City for transportation, land-use planning, the environment, diversity, inequality, segregation, crime, and immigration. We also extend our perspective to a wider range of cities, making suggestions on how to apply the ideas presented in the book. Finally, we conclude by discussing how social change within the city might occur and best be accomplished.

scholarly journals Urban Form, Growth, and Accessibility in Space and Time: Anatomy of Land Use at the Parcel-Level in a Small to Medium-Sized American City

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Zhou ◽  
Guoqiang Shen ◽  
Yao Wu ◽  
Robert Brown ◽  
Tian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
American City ◽  
Path Distance ◽  
Urban Accessibility ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

Using the City of Corvallis, Oregon, a small to medium sized American city, as a test-bed, this paper examines the City’s urban growth in relation to urban accessibility. This relationship is explored in an anatomic spatial-temporal fashion, taking account of: the number and size of developed land use parcels over time; urban accessibility from residential to non-residential land use areas; and the statistical relationships between urban form and urban accessibility. This investigation of land use is structured around use-classification and examined within a range of dimensional and demographic measurements over 5-year time periods from 1853 to 2014; concurrently, urban accessibility is measured by the least-cost path distance as calculated through the OD cost matrix analysis in GIS. The results indicate that the city grew spatially at different rates and its urban accessibility experienced both ups and downs over time. The city’s population growth corresponded closely with urban growth and its decreasing population density negatively impacted on the city’s urban accessibility to commerce, industry, and office for most time periods. Significantly, while the urban density increased steadily after 1950s concurrent with an increase in urban sprawl, in contrast to previous studies on the metropolitan condition, the urban density had no evident impact on urban accessibility in Corvallis. Instead, increasing the land-use mix was a more effective and feasible approach to reduce urban travel path distance and enhance accessibility than increasing population density or urban development density. Accordingly, this research provides evidence-based policy recommendations for planning sustainable urban mobility and urban form in small to medium-sized cities.

Pasadena’s Experience using Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) to Measure Transportation Impact

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-283
Author(s):  
Frederick C. Dock
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
System Management ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
The Public ◽  
Planning Development ◽  
The City ◽  
Monitoring Performance

The City of Pasadena adopted new metrics for measuring transportation impact in 2015 that promote sustainable transportation and urban form. This paper describes the process by which conventional impact measures were replaced with metrics for sustainability and describes experiences with implementation of the metrics, development of companion elements, and monitoring performance. The integrated approach to planning, development review, and system management in use in Pasadena provides both a model framework for other cities and highlights the issues that can be encountered when using metrics that are less familiar to the public and decision makers.

Participatory Learning, Experimentation, Action and Dissemination (PLEAD)

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binoo P. Bonny ◽  
R.M. Prasad ◽  
Sindhu S. Narayan ◽  
Mercy Varughese
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Participatory Learning ◽  
Agroclimatic Zones

The authors evolve a model for technology evolution and adaptation in agriculture through a participatory approach. The model follows the premise that the integration of local knowledge, the experience of farmers and quality assessment of evolved strategies help in developing technologies that promote the long-term sustainability of the system. The premise is tested through field interventions under way in 18 farmer research groups (FRG) formed for the purpose in the two agroclimatic zones of Kerala where rice forms the major crop. The experimentation is carried out in fields of selected promoter farmers from the FRGs, taking into account the existing agro-ecological peculiarities and land-use pattern. Appropriate technologies for the system are selected by the farmers from a basket of scientifically proven options and are integrated to enhance the quality of farmer-tried strategies, without researchers conducting any new experiments. The process has resulted in evolving the participatory learning, experimentation, action and dissemination (PLEAD) model, which allows interactive participation of farmers, thereby enabling them to become decision makers through the process of action–reflection–action (PRAXIS) of successful field trials conducted by them. The key elements of the model include agro-ecosystem scanning, farmer-led experimentation and farmer-to-farmer extension. The processes provide lateral and co-learning experiences that benefit all the participants.

scholarly journals Land use and land cover dynamics in Leiria City: relation between peri-urbanization processes and hydro-geomorphologic disasters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Leandro Barros ◽  
Alexandre Oliveira Tavares ◽  
Pedro Pinto Santos
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Land Cover Dynamics ◽  
Central Portugal ◽  
Geomorphological Processes ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
The City

AbstractThe objective of the present study is to evaluate the relation between the spatial and temporal dynamics of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) and the hydro-geomorphological processes and their impacts. The study area is the city of Leiria, in central Portugal, within the period 1958–2018 based on the historical record of floods and landslides disasters. The LULC analysis shows an accentuated increase in the artificial areas and a continuous decrease in the agricultural areas. With regard to hydro-geomorphologic disaster occurrences, a total of 124 occurrences were identified, having caused a set of impacts. The obtained results allow one to characterize the artificialization process, its intensity and territorial dispersion, as a consequence of urban sprawl and peri-urbanization, along with its consequences in exposure to hydro-geomorphological processes. The analysis concludes that changing the risk drivers resulted in an increase in frequency and spatial dispersion of hydro-geomorphologic disasters over the analysed period.

scholarly journals Key Factors for Sustainable Industrial Cities

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingy M. El Barmelgy ◽  
Moataz S. Aly
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Nile Valley ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Land Protection ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Industrial Cities ◽  
Planning Decision

The industry is one of the main pillars of a strong economic city. Unfortunately, third world countries' industrial cities face environmental threats to the point that sustainable environments are considered a luxury (Pugh, C, 2013). According to a report issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation in 2015 Egypt lost approximately 8618 acres of the finest farmland in the Delta and the Nile Valley as a result of urban sprawl on farmland to take advantage of employment opportunities and services in cities (Ministry of Agriculture land protection and land reclamation, 2015). The paper attempts to monitor different cases in the Egyptian context, trying to conclude the effective factors for their environmental and urban form as a result of industrial use. The Aim is to conclude key factors for sustainable industrial cities. The paper's results are based on a designed questionnaire that is analysed using SPSS. The questionnaire is completed with the help of experts and executives in order to specify the main factors in the sustainable urban form regarding industrial cities. It is followed by cluster analysis to determine the positive or negative effects of each element in relation to the rest of the elements concluding the most effective factor affecting the environment in every group as a tool to help the urban planning decision makers (environmental - urban - economic and social).

scholarly journals THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE OLD TOWN CENTER MARISA POHUWATO REGENCY GORONTALO PROVINCE.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 24-37
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Compact City ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Morphological Form ◽  
Transportation Accessibility ◽  
Network Patterns ◽  
Town Center ◽  
The City

The established economic activity is also influenced by road network patterns and transportation accessibility, to encourage the emergence of new urban activities, activity patterns and movement patterns. The height of land function in the residential area of Marisa is influenced by the ease of accessibility and the demand for residential because it is next to the Central Office district and the urban center. The study aims to (1) Identify components of morphological form comprising land use, road and building network patterns (patterns and densities), (2) Analyzing the morphological form of the old City of Marisa and combine it with characteristic morphological forming components. The methods of research used are qualitative methods of phenomenology. The results showed that (1) the City of Marisa has a characteristic of a village-city frame zone (zobikodes) that is fertile, developing naturally for surplus commodities. The land use pattern of Marisa City, Marisa City Road network, and the patterns and functions of Marisa City are a component of the morphological constituent of Marisa. (2) The City of Marisa forms a compact city i.e. octopus morphology (octopus shaped/star shaped cities) and the custom Tawulongo into local wisdom in organizing the layout of Old Town center Marisa.

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