scholarly journals Hubungan kinerja otak dengan spiritualitas diukur dengan menggunakan Indonesia spiritual health assessment pada tokoh agama Kristen Gereja Mawar Sharon di Sulawesi Utara

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Febryola Arie ◽  
Taufiq F. Pasiak ◽  
Martha M. Kaseke
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Spiritual Experiences ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

Abstract: To date, studies on brain field are growing and now they have touched the spiritual dimension. Amin divided the brain into five major systems, namely the prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, the limbic system, gyrus cingulatus, and temporal lobes. One of the tools that can be used to measure the relationship between the performance of the brain and spirituality is Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA). There are four components of spirituality: spiritual experiences, positive emotion, meaning of life, and rituals. This sudy was aimed to determine the relationship between the performance of brain and the spirituality of religious leaders of Mawar Sharon Church in North Sulawesi. This was a descriptive analytical study with a survey method. Data were analyzed with Spearman correlation test. Subjects were 50 Christian religious leaders of Mawar Sharon Church in North Sulawesi. The results showed that there was a weak but significant correlation between gyrus cingulatus and spiritual experiences as well as positive emotions; and between the temporal lobe and meaning of life and ritual. Conclusion: There was a weak but significant correlation between the brain performance and the human spirituality measured by ISHA in religious leaders of Mawar Sharon Church in North Sulawesi.Keywords: brain, ISHA, spirituality Abstrak: Dewasa ini penelitian mengenai ilmu otak semakin berkembang bahkan hingga saat ini pendekatannya telah menyentuh dimensi spiritual. Amin membagi otak ke dalam lima sistem utama yaitu korteks prefrontalis, ganglia basalis, sistem limbik, girus singulatus, dan lobus temporalis. Salah satu alat yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur hubungan antara kinerja otak dengan spiritualitas ialah instrumen Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA). Terdapat empat komponen spiritualitas yaitu pengalaman spiritual, emosi positif, makna hidup, dan ritual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kinerja otak dengan spiritualitas pada tokoh agama Gereja Mawar Sharon di Sulawesi Utara. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan metode survey. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Subjek penelitian ialah 50 orang tokoh agama Kristen Gereja Mawar Sharon di Sulawesi Utara. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan hubungan lemah namun bermakna antara girus singulatus dengan pengalaman spiritual dan emosi positif, dan lobus temporalis dengan makna hidup dan ritual. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang lemah namun bermakna antara kinerja otak dengan spiritualitas manusia diukur menggunakan ISHA pada tokoh agama Kristen Gereja Mawar Sharon di Sulawesi Utara. Kata kunci: otak, ISHA, spiritualitas

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KINERJA OTAK DENGAN SPIRITUALITAS DIUKUR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN INDONESIA SPIRITUAL HEALTH ASSESSMENT PADA TOKOH-TOKOH AGAMA KRISTEN GMIST (PENDETA) DI RESORT TAHUNA

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirachel. D. Samel
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Spiritual Experience ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
P Value ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Spearman Correlation Test ◽  
The Brain

Abstract: Neuroscience is a science about the nervous system. The development of neuroscience has touched the spiritual dimension. There are four things if combined will result spirituality, they are meaning of life, positive emotions, spiritual experience and rituals. Daniel Amen divides brain into five major systems namely prefrontal cortex, limbic system, basal ganglia, gyrus cingulatus, and temporal lobes. Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA) is a tools that can measure and describe the correlation of spirituality with brain. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the brain performance with the spirituality in christian religious leaders GMIST (pastor) at resort Tahuna. This was a descriptive studywith analytical survey method. Sample of this research was GMIST pastors amount of 33 people. The Spearman correlation test showed a P value 0.017 between the basal ganglia and spiritual experience which indicated that the correlation was significant. Conclusion: There was significant correlation between the brain performance with the human spirituality measured by using ISHA in Christian religion leaders GMIST (pastors) at Tahuna resort.Keywords: brain, ISHA, Christian religious leaders, spiritualityAbstrak: Neurosains adalah ilmu yang mempelajari mengenai sistem saraf. Perkembangan neurosains telah menyentuh dimensi spiritual. Terdapat empat hal bila digabungkan menghasilkan spiritual yaitu makna hidup, emosi positif, pengalaman spiritual dan ritual. Daniel Amen membagi otak dalam lima sistem utama yaitu korteks prefrontalis, sistem limbik, ganglia basalis, girus singulatus, dan lobus temporalis. Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA) adalah alat yang digunakan untuk mengukur hubungan spiritualitas dengan otak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kinerja otak dengan spiritualitas pada pendeta GMIST di Resort Tahuna. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan ialah deskriptif dengan metode survei analitik. Sampel penelitian adalah pendeta-pendeta GMIST di Resort Tahuna sebanyak 33 orang. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan uji korelasi spearman. Hasil uji korelasi spearman antara ganglia basalis dan pengalaman spiritual menunjukan nilai P = 0,017 ini berarti kedua variabel memiliki hubungan yang bermakna. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kinerja otak dan spiritualitas manusia diukur dengan menggunakan ISHA pada tokoh-tokoh agama kristen GMIST (pendeta) di Resort Tahuna.Kata kunci: otak, ISHA, tokoh agama Kristen, spiritualitas

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KINERJA OTAK DENGAN SPIRITUALITAS MANUSIA DIUKUR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN INDONESIA SPIRITUAL HEALTH ASSESSMENT PADA DOSEN STAIN MANADO

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitria Angraini Dalili ◽  
Taufiq F. Pasiak ◽  
Sunny Wangko
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Neuroscience is a science about the nervous system especially the brain. According to Daniel Amen who used SPECT to watch brain activity that was associated with the soul, brain was  divided into five main systems: prefrontal cortex, limbic system, ganglia basalis, gyrus cingulatus, and temporal lobe. A person’s spirituality is related to the purpose and meaning of his/her life as a manifestation of one’s relationship with God. Spirituality has four dimensions, namely the meaning of life, positive emotions, spiritual experiences and rituals. In Indonesia, Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA) is used to assess a person’s spirituality. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship of spirituality with the human brain among Manado STAIN lecturers. This was a descriptive analytic study with 30 respondents. The results were analyzed by using the Spearmen correlation analysis. There was a significant correlation between the performance of the human brain and spirituality, in this case the relationship was between the prefrontal cortex and the meaning of life. Conclusion: There was a strong relationship between the human brain and spirituality. Keywords: brain, ISHA, spirituality.  Abstrak: Neurosains adalah ilmu yang mempelajari tentang semua hal yang berkaitan dengan sistem saraf, dalam hal ini otak. Daniel Amen yang menggunakan SPECT dalam mengamati aktivitas otak yang berhubungan dengan jiwa, membagi otak ke dalam lima sistem utama: cortex prefrontalis, sistem limbik, ganglia basalis, gyrus cingulatus, dan lobus temporalis. Spiritualitas seseorang berkaitan dengan tujuan dan makna hidup kehidupan secara keseluruhan, sebagai manifestasi hubungannya dengan Tuhan. Spiritualitas mempunyai empat dimensi yaitu makna hidup, emosi positif, pengalaman spiritual, dan ritual. Di Indonesia, alat ukur spiritual yang digunakan yaitu Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kinerja otak dengan spiritualitas manusia pada dosen STAIN Manado. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan jumlah responden 30 orang. Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan analisis korelasi Spearmen yang menunjukkan adanya korelasi bermakna antara kinerja otak dan spiritualitas manusia, dalam hal ini hubungan antara cortex prefrontalis dan makna hidup. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kinerja otak dan spiritualitas manusia. Kata kunci: otak, ISHA, spiritualitas.

scholarly journals Hubungan kinerja otak dan spiritualitas manusia diukur dengan Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment pada tokoh agama Islam di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Putra Pakaya ◽  
Taufiq F. Pasiak ◽  
Sonny J.R. Kalangi
Keyword(s):  
Health Assessment ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Spiritual Experience ◽  
P Value ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Interaction ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Human Spirituality

Abstract: Human brain contains about 100 billion cells that have complex functions as the central control of all activities. The brain is an organ in which the interaction of soul and body (mind body interaction) occurs and is very influential on human spirituality. Spirituality is built by four observable aspects, as follows: spiritual experience, positive emotion, meaning of life, and ritual. Health Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 36 Year 2009 Chapter I Article 1 Paragraph 1 defines health by integrating the spiritual aspect as part of the definition of health. Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA) is a neuroscience-based test that includes human spirituality profile so it can find spirituality and its relation to brain performance. This study was aimed to determine the relationship of brain performance and human spirituality among Islamic religious leaders in Bolaang Mongondow. This was an observational study with a cross sectional design. There were 57 Islamic religious leaders as respondents. Data were retrieved by distributing questionnaires ISHA to the respondents. The statistical analysis showed that the correlation between temporal lobes and spiritual experience had an r value = 0.304 and p value = 0.022. Conclusion: There was a relationship between the performance of the brain and human spirituality in particular the relationship between the temporal lobe and spiritual experience among Islamic religious leaders in Bolaang MongondowKeywords: brain performance, spirituality Abstrak: Otak manusia berisi sekitar 100 miliar sel yang memiliki fungsi kompleks sebagai pusat pengendali seluruh aktivitas manusia. Otak merupakan organ tubuh dimana terjadinya interaksi ‘jiwa’ dan ‘badan’ (mind body interaction) yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap spiritualitas manusia. Spiritualitas dibangun oleh empat aspek yang dapat diamati yaitu pengalaman spiritual, emosi positif, makna hidup, dan ritual. Undang-Undang Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 Bab I Pasal 1 ayat 1mendefinisikan kesehatan, yaitu dengan memasukkan aspek spiritual sebagai bagian dari batasan sehat. Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA) merupakan uji berbasis neurosains yang memuat tentang profil spiritualitas manusia sehingga dapat mengetahui spiritualitas dan kaitannya dengan kinerja otak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kinerja otak dengan spiritualitas manusia pada tokoh agama Islam di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Terdapat 57 orang tokoh agama Islam di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow sebagai responden. Data diambil dengan cara membagikan kuisioner ISHA kepada responden. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan korelasi antara lobus temporalis dengan pengalaman spiritual (r=0,304; p=0,022). Simpulan: Pada tokoh agama Islam di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow terdapat hubungan antara kinerja otak dengan spiritualitas manusia khususnya hubungan one to one antara lobus temporalis dan pengalaman spiritual.Kata kunci: kinerja otak, spiritualitas

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KINERJA OTAK DENGAN SPIRITUALITAS MANUSIA DIUKUR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN INDONESIA SPIRITUAL HEALTH ASSESSMENT PADA PEMIMPIN AGAMA DI KOTA TOMOHON

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jendy Cliff Dadana
Keyword(s):  
Limbic System ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
P Value ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
Spearman Correlation Test ◽  
The Brain

Abstract: Neuroscience is a science about the nervous system or neurons. The development of neuroscience has touched the spiritual dimension. There are four things if being combined will result in spirituality, as follows: meaning of life, positive emotions, spiritual experiences, and rituals. By using SPECT, Daniel Amen divided the brain into five major systems namely prefrontal cortex, limbic system, basal ganglia, gyrus cingulatus, and temporal lobes. All these five systems have correlation with spirituality. There are tools that can measure and describe the correlation of spirituality with brain inter alia Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment..(ISHA).)This study aimed to determine the correlation between the brain performance with the spirituality in religious leaders in Tomohon city. This was a descriptive study with analytical survey method. Samples were 51 GMIM priests. Data of this study were analyzed by using the Spearman correlation test. The results showed that the average value of the brain, especially the limbic system, was 5.80 (good), where as the spirituality, especially ritual, was 155.50 (very good). The Spearman Correlation test showed a P-value = 0,013, which means the correlation between the two variables was significant. Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between the brain performance and the human spirituality measured by using ISHA in religious leaders at Tomohon City. Keywords: brain, ISHA, religious leaders, spirituality     Abstrak: Neurosains adalah ilmu yang mempelajari tentang sel saraf atau neuron. Perkembangan neurosains telah menyentuh dimensi spiritual. Terdapat empat hal yang bila digabungkan akan menghasilkan spiritualitas yaitu makna hidup, emosi positif, pengalaman spiritual, dan ritual. Melalui jasa SPECT, Daniel Amen membagi otak dalam lima sistem utama yaitu: korteks prefrontalis, sistem limbik dalam, ganglia basalis, girus singulatus, dan lobus temporalis. Kelima sistem ini memiliki hubungan dengan spiritualitas. Alat yang dapat mengukur spiritualitas serta menggambarkan hubungannya dengan otak, antara lain ialah Indonesian Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kinerja otak dan spiritualitas pada pemimpin agama di kota Tomohon. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan metode survei analitik. Sampel penelitian ialah pendeta-pendeta GMIM dengan jumlah 51 orang. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Nilai rata-rata otak khususnya sistem limbik yaitu 5,80 (baik), sedangkan spiritualitas khususnya ritual yaitu 155,50 (sangat baik). Hasil uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan nilai P = 0,013 yang berarti hubungan kedua variabel bermakna. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kinerja otak dan spiritualitas manusia diukur dengan menggunakan ISHA pada pemimpin agama di kota Tomohon. Kata kunci: ISHA,otak, pemimpin agama, spiritualitas.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KINERJA OTAK DENGAN SPIRITUALITAS DIUKUR MENGGUNAKAN INDONESIA SPIRITUAL HEALTH ASSESSMENT PADA GURU SMA DI TIDORE

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ditha Rachmatika ◽  
Djon Wongkar
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
High School Teacher ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Spiritual Experience ◽  
Spiritual Experiences ◽  
The Town

Abstract: The human brain is the center of the structure which has a volume around 1.350cc and consists of 100 million nerve cells or neuron. The human brain is responsible for the whole body and way of thinking. Brain also influential on human spirituality. Spirituality has 4 thing that can be observed is a ritual, spiritual experience, the meaning of life and positive emotions. Neuroscience is the science which studies human self as a pocess that takes at the level of neural cells to the human nexus with God.  Indonesian Spiritual Health Assessment is a checks are made based on the theoretical concept of the spiritual which consists of 3 components, namely spiritual health item, brain system assessment  and neurofeedback. Objective: Determine the relationship of spirituality human brain performance with high school teacher in the town of tidore. Methods: Type of observational study with cross-sectional research design. Study sample is a high school teacher in the town of Tidore totaling 65 people.  Data collected by distributing questionnaires to the respondents in the form of Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA). Result and Conclusion: Based on research that has been conducted on 65 subjects were obtained results that there is a relationship between the performance of human brain with spirituality. The result can be concluded that there is a relationship between the performance of the human brain with spirituality. The result can be concluded: (1) Cortex prefrontal have no association with a spiritual experience and the meaning of  life, but there is relationship with positive emotions and rituals; (2) system limbic have no association with spiritual experiences, positive emotion, the meaning of life and rituals; (3) ganglia basalis have no association with spiritual experiences, positive emotions and the meaning of life, but there is relationship with rituals; (4) gyrus cingulatus have no association with spiritual experiences, positive emotion and meaning of life, but there is relationship with rituals; (5) temporal lobe have relationship with spiritual experience, but no association with positive emotions, the meaning of life and rituals. Keywords: Brain performance, Spirituality.     Abstrak: Latar Belakang:Otak manusia adalah struktur pusat pengaturan yang memiliki volume sekitar 1.350cc dan terdiri atas 100 juta sel saraf atau neuron. Otak manusia bertanggung jawab terhadap pengaturan seluruh tubuh dan cara berpikir. Otak juga sangat berpengaruh terhadap spiritualitas manusia.Spiritualitas memiliki 4 hal yang dapat diamati yaitu ritual, pengalaman spiritual, makna hidup, dan emosi positif. Neurosains adalah ilmu yang mengkaji diri manusia sebagai proses yang berlangsung pada tingkat sel saraf hingga proses perhubungan manusia dengan Tuhan. Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment adalah pemeriksaan yang dibuat berdasarkan konsep teoritis spiritualitas, yang terdiri dari tiga komponen yaitu Spiritual Health Item, Brain System Assessment, dan Neurofeedback. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan kinerja otak dengan spiritualitas manusia pada guru SMA di Kota Tidore. Metode: Jenispenelitian ini yaitu penelitian observasional dengan desain penelitian crosssectional.Sampel penelitian yaitu guru SMA di Kota Tidore Kepulauan yang berjumlah 65 orang. Data diambil dengan cara membagikan kuesioner yang berupa Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA) kepada responden. Hasil dan simpulan: Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan pada 65 subjek penelitian diperoleh hasil yaitu ada hubungan antara kinerja otak dengan spiritualitas manusia. Dari hasil dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Korteks prefrontal tidak ada hubungan dengan pengalaman spiritual dan makna hidup, tetapi ada hubungan dengan emosi positif dan ritual; (2) Sistem limbic tidak ada hubungan dengan pengalaman spiritual, emosi positif makna hidup dan ritual; (3) Ganglia basalis tidak ada hubungan dengan pengalaman spiritual, emosi positif dan makna hidup, tetapi ada hubungan dengan ritual; (4) Girus singulatus tidak ada hubungan dengan pengalaman spiritual, emosi positif dan makna hidup, tetapi ada hubungan dengan ritual; (5) Lobus temporal ada hubungan dengan pengalaman spiritual, tetapi tidak ada hubungan dengan emosi positif, makna hidup dan ritual. Kata Kunci: Kinerja Otak, Spiritualitas.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KINERJA OTAK DENGAN SPIRITUALITAS MANUSIA DIUKUR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN INDONESIA SPIRITUAL HEALTH ASSESSMENT PADA PEGAWAI PEMDA KABUPATEN HALTENG PROVINSI MALUKU UTARA

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juniarsih . ◽  
Taufiq F. Pasiak ◽  
Sunny Wangko
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Four Dimensions

Abstract: Brain is the most complex part of human body. It regulates, monitors, and controls our actions and behaviors. By using SPECT, Amen observed the brain activity associated with soul and divided brain into 5 main systems: the prefrontal cortex, limbic system, basal ganglia, cingulatus gyrus (cingulate), and the temporal lobe. Spirituality is an empirical experience related to the presence of God in one's life with its manifestations in interpersonal and intrapersonal relationships. Spirituality has four dimensions, which are the meaning of life, spiritual experiences, positive emotions, and rituals. The spiritual measuring device used in Indonesia is Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA). This study aimed to determine the correlation between the human brain performance and spirituality measured with ISHA among employees (echelon II and III) in Halmahera Tengah, North Maluku province. This was a descriptive correlative study with a survey method. The Spearman’s rank test showed an inversely correlation (-0.005) with a sig. 0.968 > α = 0.05, which means that there is no correlation between the performance of human brain and spirituality, especially positive emotions and the limbic system. Conclusion: There was no correlation between the performance of the human brain and spirituality especially positive emotions and the limbic system.Keywords: ISHA, brain, spirituality.Absrak: Otak merupakan bagian tubuh manusia yang sangat kompleks serta mengatur, mengawasi, dan mengendalikan tindakan dan perilaku tubuh. Dengan menggunakan SPECT, Amen mengamati aktivitas otak yang berhubungan dengan jiwa dan membagi otak dalam 5 sistem utama yaitu korteks prefrontalis, sistem limbik, ganglia basalis, Gyrus cingulatus (singulat), dan lobus temporalis. Spiritualitas adalah suatu pengalaman empirik berkaitan dengan kehadiran Tuhan dalam kehidupan seseorang dengan manifestasinya dalam hubungan interpersonal dan intrapersonal. Spiritualitas mempunyai 4 dimensi yaitu makna hidup, pengalaman spiritual, emosi positif, dan ritual. Di Indonesia alat ukur spiritual yang digunakan yaitu Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kinerja otak dengan spiritualitas manusia yang diukur menggunakan ISHA pada pegawai (pejabat essalon II dan III) Pemda Kabupaten Halmahera Tengah Provinsi Maluku Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif korelatif dan survei. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan korelasi terbalik (-0,005) dengan sig 0,968 > 𝜶=0,05. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara kinerja otak dan spiritualitas khususnya emosi positif dan sistem limbik.Kata kunci: ISHA, otak, spiritualitas

Evangelists and Their Hearers: Popular Interpretation of Revivalist Preaching in Eighteenth-Century Scotland

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ned Landsman
Keyword(s):  
Popular Religion ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Spiritual Experiences ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Historical Materials ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Source Materials

The most persistent difficulty confronting historical interpreters of popular religion in the early modern world is that of establishing the relationship between ideas enunciated by religious leaders and those held by their hearers. The causes of that uncertainty are obvious; where historical materials for the former are plentiful, sources that address the latter are far more difficult to obtain. The great majority of evidence that we have concerning lay religiosity derives from clerical rather than lay sources, and most of it tells us more about religious behavior than belief. Even those rare accounts we have that purport to narrate the spiritual experiences of ordinary people tend to be both unrepresentative and stylized, to the point where the ultimate implications of such materials for understanding popular belief often are far from certain.Problems of documentation lead to equally significant but less often noted distortions in perspective. Where they have lacked adequate source materials for recovering the mental world of the laity, historians almost by necessity have had to approach their task as one of ascertaining the portion and proportion of the expressions of the ministry that lay men and women adopted. Thus deviations from clerical orthodoxy can only be understood as indicative either of a lack of intellectual sophistication on the part of the laity, or, at best, of a latent “folk” worldview that remains almost inaccessible to historical description. Yet there is ample documentation in the historical record that the laity possessed a rather remarkable capacity to integrate seemingly disparate beliefs and actively forge their own understandings of the delivered message and create their own religious symbols.

scholarly journals The Role of Tomohon Society's Local Wisdom in Developing Tolerance Attitudes

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5C) ◽  
pp. 366-372
Keyword(s):  
Religious Leaders ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
The People ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Unity In Diversity ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Broad Meaning

The problem of tolerance in Indonesia today is something that is warmly discussed. Issues and events leading to an atmosphere of intolerance are rampant in various regions in Indonesia. This is undoubtedly a severe threat to the sustainability of the country and the Indonesian people who have the motto of Unity in Diversity, which contains a broad meaning of diversity in diversity. The purpose of this research is to identify and photograph the local wisdom of the people of North Sulawesi, especially in the city of Tomohon which can be used as values in building an atmosphere of tolerance in the community. In this study, researchers chose to use a qualitative descriptive approach by collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation studies. In this study a qualitative approach is used because it fits the problems studied, and also because: (1) the approach in this study is more flexible, (2) can present data directly, the nature of the relationship between informants and researchers, (3) can adjust and sensitive to the phenomena faced in the field. The sources of data in this study are local government, religious leaders, forums for inter-religious harmony, traditional leaders, community leaders, and local communities and immigrants. This study found that tolerance in the community of the city of Tomohon was maintained because of the strong values contained in local wisdom.

scholarly journals Management Imperatives of Corruption and Governance Failures in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
John N. N. Ugoani
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Human Actions ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Neurological Substrates ◽  
The Brain

This study was designed to explore the relationship between neurological substrates of emotional intelligence and human behavior. Neuropsychologists posit that human actions are propelled by the neurons, which allow information to travel through the brain and body, in controlling voluntary and involuntary human behaviours. There is evidence that the connection between the amygdala and the neocortex are hug of operations between head and heart, thought and feeling. This circuitry explains why emotion is very crucial to effective thought and decision making. The architecture of the amygdala interferes with the neurons to ensure that each plays effective role as different neurotransmitters. The survey method was used for the study involving 300 respondents; and it was found that neurological substrates of emotional intelligence have positive relationship with human behavior.

scholarly journals The Knowledge of Lung Tuberculosis Suspects for Sputum Examination Attitude In The Kamoning Primary Health Care

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Puteri Febriana Arivany
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lung Tuberculosis ◽  
Contingency Coefficient ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease mostly attacks the lungs TB disease is transmitted by smear positive TB patients through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes in the form of droplets. Sputum examination is an effort to enforce TB diagnose and to determine the potential of this transmission. The aims was conducted to determine the relationship between the respondents’ knowledge andthe sputum examination in the health center Kamoning Sampang. This research used analytic observational study with survey method using cross sectional. The research performed in 60 patients and sampling method used is imple random sampling. The independent variabel consist of education, occupation, income respondents, education and attitude of the respondent in conducting sputum examination. The strength of correlation was measured by Contingency Coefficient and Odd Ratio (OR) were analyzed using chi-square test. Contingency Coefficient of respondents knowledge knowledge suspected pulmonary tuberculosis in sputum examination is 0,253 and OR = 3,600. The conclusion is there was a weak correlation between the respondents knowledge and sputum examination. Symptoms and treatment of pulmonary TB can be identified if the health workers in collaboration with religious leaders and community leaders to provide the Information according to age and education of the respondents.Keywords: knowledge, attitude, TB suspect, sputum examination

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