scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF TRIMAN-1 ON ASSOCIATIVE NITROGEN FIXATION AND NITROGEN FIXING MICROORGANISMS IN BARLEY ROOT ZONE

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
V.V. Volkogon ◽  
O.I. Bakun ◽  
E.I. Volkogon ◽  
N.P. Shtanko ◽  
P.G. Dulnev
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Barley Root ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Associative Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
Associative Symbiosis

The influence of plant growth regulator triman-1 on nitrogen fixing bacteria and nitrogen fixation process in barley root zone was studied in the laboratory and field conditions. It was shown that triman- 1 enhances associative nitrogen fixation activity when mineral nitrogen fertilizers (N30) was used. The use of triman-1 increases efficiency of associative symbiosis more effectively with the use of carboammonium salts rather than with ammonium nitrate.

scholarly journals NITROGEN FIXING BACTERIA OF SPRING WHEAT ROOT ZONE

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
O. V. Nadkernychna ◽  
E. P. Kopylov
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Molecular Nitrogen ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Active Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
Fixation Activity

The paper presents the study of active nitrogen fixation bacteria of genera Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Bacillus, Flavobacterium, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas isolated from root zone of spring wheat plants. The ability of selected diazotrophs to form associative systems with spring wheat was investigated. The most significant increase of molecular nitrogen fixation activity in root zone of plants was observed under the Azospirillum species background.

scholarly journals INCREASING SOIL FERTILITY AS A RESULT OF THE ACCUMULATION OF NITROGEN BY LEGUMINOUS CROPS

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
Ihor Didur ◽  
Victoriia Shevchuk
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Active Nitrogen

Analysis of literary sources shows that legume-rhizobial systems annually fix nitrogen from the atmosphere in the amount of from 40 to 300 kg of per 1 ha of crop. Crops of legumes by Nitrogen fixation capabilities play an important role in saving and improvement of the natural soil fertility. It is known that in the process of the crop rotation with legumes the species composition of soil microorganisms is restored, as a result stable soil fertility rate is supported. Legumes plants are valuable siderata. Green legume fertilizer has a positive effect on increasing the productivity of plants, causes to the conservancy and increase of soil fertility. The plowing of the siderates leads to an increase in the humus content in the soil and the availability of phosphate treatment, a reduction in nitrogen gas losses from the soil. After decomposition and mineralization of leguminous siderata, the soil is replenished with nutritious macro- and microelements. Siderata is able to loosen heavy soils, improve their structure, and inhibit the growth of weeds that create water deficiency and reduce the content of minerals in the soil. Growing of peas leads to increased of the absorption efficiency of organic fertilizers by the following crops. The article approves the results of increasing the nitrogen-fixing ability of sowing pea with applying of the microbial preparation Bioinoculant and plant growth regulator Mars EL, and their role in increasing of biological nitrogen content for repair of soil fertility. It was established that the symbiotic activity of pea plants depends on the growth phase of the crop. The highest indexes of active nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots of pea plants were found in the budding phase after pre-sowing seed complex treatment with Bioinoculant and growth regulator Mars EL. It was researched that he combined use of Bioinoculant and plant growth regulator Mars EL provided the increase of the mass of active nodules at the roots of the plant by 33% (phase of formation of 5-6 leaves), 38,8% (budding phase) and 22,8% (flowering phase) compared to the control. It was found that the use of inoculant and plant growth regulator with N30P30K30 fertilizer background leads to the greatest concentration of nodules on the main roots of the plants. The nodules had a pink color. In the technological process, the pre-sowing treatment of pea seeds with Bioinoculant and plant growth regulator Mars EL is an important perspective for improving the symbiotic activity of culture. This induces the reproduction of the soil's natural fertility. It is advisable to investigate the effect of inoculation and growth regulators with the different mechanism of action on the symbiotic activity of winter peas. Key words: soil fertility, legumes, siderata, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, inoculant, plant growth regulator

Novel rhizobia exhibit superior nodulation and biological nitrogen fixation even under high nitrate concentrations

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hien P Nguyen ◽  
Hiroki Miwa ◽  
Jennifer Obirih-Opareh ◽  
Takuya Suzaki ◽  
Michiko Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
Nitrate Concentrations ◽  
Nodulation Competitiveness ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

ABSTRACT Legume–rhizobium symbiosis leads to the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules. However, externally applied chemical nitrogen fertilizers (nitrate and ammonia) strongly inhibit nodule formation and nitrogen fixation. Here, we isolated several rhizobial strains exhibiting a superior nodulation and nitrogen fixation with soybean at high nitrate concentrations. The nodulation of soybean symbiont Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA110 was significantly inhibited at 12.5 mM nitrate; however, three isolates (NKS4, NKM2 and NKTG2) were capable of forming nitrogen-fixing nodules, even at 20 mM nitrate. These isolates exhibited higher nodulation competitiveness and induced larger nodules with higher nitrogen-fixation activity than USDA110 at 5 mM nitrate. Furthermore, these isolates induced more nodules than USDA110 even in nitrate-free conditions. These isolates had a distant lineage within the Bradyrhizobium genus; though they were relatively phylogenetically close to Bradyrhizobium japonicum, their morphological and growth characteristics were significantly different. Notably, in the presence of nitrate, expression of the soybean symbiosis-related genes (GmENOD40 and GmNIN) was significantly higher and expression of GmNIC1 that is involved in nitrate-dependent nodulation inhibition was lower in the roots inoculated with these isolates in contrast with inoculation of USDA110. These novel rhizobia serve as promising inoculants for soybeans cultivated in diverse agroecosystems, particularly on nitrate-applied soils.

scholarly journals Genomic characterization and computational phenotyping of nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from Colombian sugarcane fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz K. Medina-Cordoba ◽  
Aroon T. Chande ◽  
Lavanya Rishishwar ◽  
Leonard W. Mayer ◽  
Lina C. Valderrama-Aguirre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

AbstractPrevious studies have shown the sugarcane microbiome harbors diverse plant growth promoting microorganisms, including nitrogen-fixing bacteria (diazotrophs), which can serve as biofertilizers. The genomes of 22 diazotrophs from Colombian sugarcane fields were sequenced to investigate potential biofertilizers. A genome-enabled computational phenotyping approach was developed to prioritize sugarcane associated diazotrophs according to their potential as biofertilizers. This method selects isolates that have potential for nitrogen fixation and other plant growth promoting (PGP) phenotypes while showing low risk for virulence and antibiotic resistance. Intact nitrogenase (nif) genes and operons were found in 18 of the isolates. Isolates also encode phosphate solubilization and siderophore production operons, and other PGP genes. The majority of sugarcane isolates showed uniformly low predicted virulence and antibiotic resistance compared to clinical isolates. Six strains with the highest overall genotype scores were experimentally evaluated for nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and the production of siderophores, gibberellic acid, and indole acetic acid. Results from the biochemical assays were consistent and validated computational phenotype predictions. A genotypic and phenotypic threshold was observed that separated strains by their potential for PGP versus predicted pathogenicity. Our results indicate that computational phenotyping is a promising tool for the assessment of bacteria detected in agricultural ecosystems.

A MODEL SYSTEM FOR THE STUDY OF 2,4-D TRANSLOCATION IN LEAFY SPURGE

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH E. LINGLE ◽  
JEFFREY C. SUTTLE
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Leafy Spurge ◽  
Model System ◽  
Euphorbia Esula ◽  
Axillary Shoots

A model system was devised to study the translocation of 2,4-D in leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.). The effects of rate of 2,4-D application, decapitation, and rate and pretreatment with ethephon on 14C-2,4-D translocation were studied. Rooted cuttings were obtained by rooting newly-developed axillary shoots in moist vermiculite for 4 wk. These cuttings were then placed in liquid nutrient medium for translocation experiments. Seven days after application, 50–60% of the 14C translocated from 14C-2,4-D treated leaves was found in the stem. The percentage of 14C that accumulated in the stem increased with increasing rate of 2,4-D application to 1 kg/ha. Up to 85% of 14C translocated to the root was released into the nutrient medium. Shoot decapitation 5 mm below the apex up to 4 days before 2,4-D application decreased 14C percentage in leaf tissue and increased 14C in stem and root. Foliar application of ethephon at 1 kg/ha resulted in a transient increase in the rate of ethylene evolution from shoot and root tissues, decreased the amount of 14C translocated to the root zone and increased the 14C in the leaves. Ethephon treatment of larger, vermiculite-grown plants also decreased 14C accumulation in the roots. These results indicate that the use of root cuttings is a convenient and reliable method for the study of herbicide translocation and plant growth regulator/herbicide interactions in leafy spurge.Key words: Translocation, 2,4-D, leafy spurge, Euphorbia esula L., plant growth regulator, ethephon

scholarly journals NITROGEN FIXATION ABILITY IN ROOT ZONE OF PERSPECTIVE NATIONAL VARIETIES OF SPRING TRITICALE

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 181-192
Author(s):  
O.O. Shahovnina
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Environment Factors ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
Fixation Activity ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
Potential Activity

Potential activity of nitrogen fixation on washed roots of investigated varieties of spring triticale determined in field experiments has characterized by considerable fluctuations both during single phenophase in different years of research and throughout the vegetative period, that was caused by the influence of environment factors as well as by the existence of variability within the cultivar. The cultivar Oberig kharkovsky possesses the considerable polymorphism by the nitrogen fixation activity index in root zone of plants. Presowing inoculation of triticale seeds with active strain Azospirillum sp. 10 results in the increase of number of plants with higher nitrogen fixation activity on the washed roots.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGY PECULIARITIES OF NEW BIOLOGICAL PREPARATION MICROHUMIN

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
V.V. Volkogon ◽  
O.M. Berdnikov ◽  
E.I. Volkogon ◽  
N.P. Shtan’ko
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Active Nitrogen ◽  
Associative Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Biological Preparation ◽  
Effect On Growth

The paper covers research data on technology elaboration of new biological preparation Microhumin. It was shown that combination of biologically active biohumus extract with the suspension of active nitrogen fixing strain of azospirills in certain ratio results in creation of preparation performing additive stimulatory effect on growth and development of spring barley plants and activity of associative nitrogen fixation.

scholarly journals Coir Pith as Growth Medium for Azotobacter Vinelandii and Azospirillum Brasilense

CORD ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Abesh Reghuvaran ◽  
Anita Das Ravindranath
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Azotobacter Vinelandii ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Coir Pith

Coir pith is a lignocellulosic biomass which is recalcitrant under ordinary conditions. Nitrogen fixation is commonly carried out in the soil and these soils acts as the medium for plant growth. This paper attempts to utilize coir pith as a substrate for two important nitrogen fixing organisms viz. Azotobacter vinelandii and Azospirillum brasilense. Coir pith was used as a source of carbon and energy by the bacteria and the ammonia produced during the process of nitrogen fixation was studied, the amount of ammonia produce indicates the fixation process by the bacteria. The present work succeeded in establishing the use of these two organisms to degrade the coir pith effectively and the resultant biodegraded material could be used as organic manure for plants.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES BY THEIR ASSOCIATIVE NITROGEN FIXATION ABILITY

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
O. V. Nadkernychna ◽  
S. M. Minenok ◽  
R. L. Boguslavsky ◽  
O. Yu Leonov
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Associative Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The paper depicts the results of intervarietal variability study of winter wheat plants in controlled environment with varieties Albatross Odessa, Kiriya, Zolotokolosa, Lybid and Odeska 267 by their associative nitrogen fixation ability. The 5.6 – 13.7 – fold divergence between the varieties by given index was revealed. It was shown that intravarietal variability of winter wheat plants by their ability to stimulate associative nitrogen fixation occurs along with the intervarietal one. Populations intensity of a different genotypes characterized by high nitrogen fixation activity in root zone, stipulates high nitrogen fixation potential of variety. Among the studied varieties Zolotokolosa was selected as genetically homogeneous variety with high nitrogen fixation potential of rhizosphere microorganisms that can be recommended for use in breeding as a source with high capacity for associative nitrogen fixation. New winter wheat varieties with high nitrogen fixation potential can fully develop using not only mineral nitrogen fertilizers, but also interacting with associative nitrogen fixation microorganisms should partially replace mineral nitrogen with biological that, in turn, will guarantee a high yield quality and conservation of agricultural landscapes.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATIVE NITROGEN FIXATION ACTIVATION MEANS IN AGROCENOSIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 7-31
Author(s):  
V.V. Volkogon ◽  
V.V. Skoryk
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Associative Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Physiologically Active Compounds

The paper overlooks the influence of various agricultural practices on associative nitrogen fixation, including pre-sowing bacterization of seed crops with active strains of associative diazotrophic bacteria, and application of nitrogen fertilizers in physiologically optimal doses in crop production technologies. The authors discuss the relation of process’s activity and plant’s genotype. Due to the biological degradation of the most agricultural soils, and a significant reduction of pool of physiologically active compounds in it, it is appropriate to use growth stimulators in order to intensify associative nitrogen fixation and plant growth.

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