scholarly journals Weight Reduction of Crank Shaft by using Composite Material Kevlar 49

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2812-2817
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Connecting Rod ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Standard Design ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Engine Crankshaft ◽  
Ansys Workbench

For an IC Engine, Crankshaft is one of the most important component. It basically converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotating motion with the aid of connecting rod which connect piston to crankshaft. Crankshaft is mounted on number of main bearings and a flywheel at one end, which is further connected to clutch and transmission. Current automotive IC engine crankshafts are made of carbon steel alloys, contains of iron and small percentage of carbon (0.25%-0.45%) along with combination of several alloying elements. In this project, a composite material called Kevlar epoxy is suggested for crankshaft. Crankshaft is designed using standard design procedure and modeling is done using SOLIDWORKS. Analysis is performed on the crankshaft made of carbon steel and composite material using analysis software called ANSYS WORKBENCH. Comparison of deformation, stresses and strains is done between crankshaft made of carbon steel and composite material, Kevlar epoxy. Considering the optimum results, crankshaft is fabricated.The aspect of this project is to optimize the weight of the crankshaft. The objective of improving engine performance, reducing initial loads and fuel economy can be achieved by reducing the weight of the crankshaft by using composite material, Kevlar epoxy. It is logical that during its large volume production, reduction of weight of crankshaft will result in large savings.

An Archaeological Analogue for a Composite Material of Carbon Steel, Copper and Magnetite

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 377-393
Author(s):  
Jorge Chamón ◽  
Christian Dietz ◽  
Laura García ◽  
Raquel Arévalo ◽  
Esther Bravo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Carbon Steel

Ethers and esters as alternative fuels for internal combustion engine: A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 146808742110464
Author(s):  
Yang Hua
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Ic Engine

Ether and ester fuels can work in the existing internal combustion (IC) engine with some important advantages. This work comprehensively reviews and summarizes the literatures on ether fuels represented by DME, DEE, DBE, DGM, and DMM, and ester fuels represented by DMC and biodiesel from three aspects of properties, production and engine application, so as to prove their feasibility and prospects as alternative fuels for compression ignition (CI) and spark ignition (SI) engines. These studies cover the effects of ether and ester fuels applied in the form of single fuel, mixed fuel, dual-fuel, and multi-fuel on engine performance, combustion and emission characteristics. The evaluation indexes mainly include torque, power, BTE, BSFC, ignition delay, heat release rate, pressure rise rate, combustion duration, exhaust gas temperature, CO, HC, NOx, PM, and smoke. The results show that ethers and esters have varying degrees of impact on engine performance, combustion and emissions. They can basically improve the thermal efficiency of the engine and reduce particulate emissions, but their effects on power, fuel consumption, combustion process, and CO, HC, and NOx emissions are uncertain, which is due to the coupling of operating conditions, fuel molecular structure, in-cylinder environment and application methods. By changing the injection strategy, adjusting the EGR rate, adopting a new combustion mode, adding improvers or synergizing multiple fuels, adverse effects can be avoided and the benefits of oxygenated fuel can be maximized. Finally, some challenges faced by alternative fuels and future research directions are analyzed.

Analysis of Stresses and Strains in Packed Stuffing-Boxes

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Kazeminia ◽  
Abdel-Hakim Bouzid
Keyword(s):  
Design Procedure ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Packing Material ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Packing Materials ◽  
Standard Design ◽  
Packing Rings ◽  
Leak Tightness ◽  
Side Walls

Packed stuffing-boxes are mechanical sealing systems that are extensively used in pressurized valves and pumps. Yet there is no standard design procedure that could be used to verify their mechanical integrity and leak tightness. It is only recently that standard test procedures to qualify the packing material have been suggested for adoption in both North America and Europe. While the packing contact stress with the side walls is predictable using existing models there is no analytical methodology to verify the stresses and strains in the stuffing-box housing. This paper presents an analytical model that analyzes the stresses and strains of all the stuffing box components including the packing rings. The developed model will be validated both numerically using FEM and experimentally on an instrumented packed stuffing box rig that is specially designed to test the mechanical and leakage performance of different packing materials.

Comprehensive design methodology for an engine journal bearing

2000 ◽  
Vol 214 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Hirani ◽  
K Athre ◽  
S Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Connecting Rod ◽  
Automotive Engine ◽  
Reciprocating Engine ◽  
High Power Output ◽  
Minimum Film Thickness

The trend towards high power output, high speed and low power loss in engines requires a better understanding of bearing behaviour. Research in this area is directed more towards different aspects involved in bearing analyses, rather than providing a comprehensive guideline on design of bearing. This effort compiles the design methodology for selection of diametral clearance and bearing length by limiting the minimum film thickness, maximum pressure and temperature. The design procedure is summarized on the basis of the existing rapid bearing analyses for evaluation of the journal trajectory, minimum film thickness and maximum pressure and simplified thermal analysis. A flow chart is provided for step-by-step bearing design. Finally, two case studies of engine bearings are described: one investigates the VEB bigend connecting-rod bearing for a large industrial reciprocating engine and the other a main crankshaft bearing for an automotive engine. The methodology translates into easy-to-use expressions and the overall procedure is outlined, using practical data to demonstrate how this can be employed effectively by users.

scholarly journals Design and Fabrication of Solenoid Compressed Hybrid Air Engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 2154-2160
Author(s):  
Dr. Akhilendra Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Connecting Rod ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
The Magnetic Field

As we are moving towards the developed country, the need of fossil fuel is increasing day by day with increasing population. We need alternative to replace fossil fuel. In IC engine, the chemical energy get converted into mechanical energy, i.e., the low grade energy get converted into high grade energy. The IC engine we use cause more pollution. So to overcome this problem, the electromagnetic force and compressed air is use to run the engine. The solenoid compressed hybrid air engine which uses electric energy and compressed air to run, can replace the use of IC engine. As we pass current through the copper wire winding, the magnetic field generated near the copper wire. The polarity of the magnetic field can vary according to the current. The magnet attached at the piston get attracted up as the polarity of permanent magnet and this force is transferred to the connecting rod and crankshaft assembly, which transfer the reciprocating motion of piston into rotating motion of crankshaft and finally the flywheel. The electromagnetic engine should be more compatible. The electromagnetic engine does not require extra components like cam follower, valves, fuel pump, injectors, fuel tank etc. The strength of magnetic force can be increase by varying the input voltage and current.

scholarly journals Design and Optimization of Lug Bracket Assembly

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
G. GOWTHAM ◽  
G. SHIVA SAM KUMAR SHIVA SAM KUMAR ◽  
AASA DARA
Keyword(s):  
Static Loading ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Initial Model ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Fighter Aircraft ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
High Speeds ◽  
Cantilever Structure ◽  
Standard Design ◽  
Optimized Model

An aircraft is an advanced mechanical structure made by man which has been dominating the skies from the early 19th centuries. It has been used for transportation of cargo/ passengers from one place to another in a shorter period of time. Advances in aeronautics lead to the development of fighter aircrafts with exciting and dominating characteristics. A fighter aircraft is to be designed in such a way that it can withstand heavy loadings on the wing due to its high manoeuvrability. A fighter aircraft is designed to be marginally unstable, which makes control easier and better during manoeuvrability at high speeds, but in this state there is a heavy fluctuating load acting on the wing. The wing is connected to the fuselage using wing fuselage lug attachment bracket. Since the wing is a cantilever structure, the load acting on the wing is concentrated on the hinge (lug bracket assembly). In this paper, a lug bracket is designed according to the standard design procedure and is validated using Finite Element Methods to ensure the static loading capability and stress concentrations in lug bracket. The validated model has been optimized using Altair Optistruct. The optimized model has been validated under static loading condition for the stress concentration and displacement and is compared with initial model in order to study and understand its behaviour under various conditions.

Optimal Design of Composite Material Maintenance Structure for Aircraft Based on ANSYS Workbench

2021 ◽  
Vol 871 ◽  
pp. 216-221
Author(s):  
Jing Tao Dai ◽  
Pei Zhong Zhao ◽  
Hong Bo Su ◽  
Hao Dong Liu ◽  
Yu Bo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Composite Cement ◽  
Composite Patch ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Ansys Workbench

Composite material is widely used to maintain damaged structures of aircraft. The 3D finite element model of composite cement maintenance for aircraft is established by finite element method software ANSYS Workbench. The structural characteristics and usage status of the composite cement maintenance model is analyzed, and then the optimal structural parameters of the composite patch are obtained, including the length, width and thickness. The results show that the composite cement maintenance method could effectively restore the rigidity, and improve the strength of the structure. Furthermore, the optimal design for composite patch ensures safety of aircraft, economics of maintenance, and operability of repair methods.

Deburring 3-cylinder IC engine crankshaft oil passage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shankar Balaji ◽  
G. Aravind ◽  
M. Deva Williams ◽  
E. Magesh ◽  
Ravishankar Sathyamurthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ic Engine ◽  
Engine Crankshaft
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