scholarly journals Design and Construction of Indirect Solar Coffee Dryer

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2943-2956
Keyword(s):  
Solar Collector ◽  
Air Inlet ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
Sunshine Hours ◽  
Inlet Hole ◽  
Outlet Hole ◽  
Collector Efficiency ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Drying Chamber ◽  
Design Construction

Drying is the process of removing moisture contents from solid. Solar drying refers to a technique that utilizes incident solar radiation to convert it into thermal energy required for drying purposes. This project presents the design, construction and performance of an indirect type solar dryer for coffee product. In the dryer the air inters into the solar collector from the atmosphere through air inlet hole. This air will be heated in the collector and then pass to the drying chamber through the hole. Then the air exhausts through the outlet hole at the top of the drying chamber. The system designed can handle a capacity of up to 50kg of wet coffee per m2 at a depth of 100 mm. The average sunshine at Bale Robe was found to be 12 hours per day. The daily solar insolation at the site was found to be 5.86kW/m2 of surface per day. By utilizing the solar collector in question and assuming a collector efficiency of 20 %, the total solar energy received is 5.86 kW-hrs/m2 /day or 46.88 kW-hours per day (assuming the sunshine hours per day to be 8 hours). This solar dryer has a collector efficiency of 39.1%, a pick-up efficiency of 49.3%, and a system efficiency of 32.2%. the collector area of the system is calculated to be 1.11m2 and the total length of 1000mm by 300mm. The drying chamber is essentially a cabinetry dryer and measures 1020mm × 800mm × 30mm. It accommodates a drying bin which acts as the holding compartment for the wet coffee to be dried. The base of the drying chamber is made of a block of wood material 50mm deep, since wood is a good thermal insulator. The wood must be well seasoned and pre-treated to ensure it is protected from the humid environment. The air outlet is fitted at the top of the drying chamber which serves as the exit for the moisture ridden air. It is important since it ensures that moisture does not condense at the top of the drying chamber and speeds up the rate of drying through creating the suction effect. The drying bin measures 800mm × 800mm × 20mm.

scholarly journals Development of a Multipurpose Solar Dryer

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dare Aderibigbe Adetan ◽  
Kolawole Adesola Oladejo ◽  
Surajudeen Obayopo
Keyword(s):  
Solar Collector ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
Energy Saving Technology ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Design Cost ◽  
Drying Chamber ◽  
Design Construction

In many parts of the world there is a growing awareness that renewable energy has an important role to play in extending technology to the farmers in developing countries to increase their productivity. Solar thermal technology is rapidly gaining acceptance as an energy saving technology in agriculture application. This article presents the design, construction and performance evaluation of a solar dryer for food preservation. In the dryer, heated air from a separate solar collector is passed through beds of grains. The design of the dryer makes provision for the attachment of additional mirrors on two opposite sides of the solar collection chamber. Overall, the dryer is of simple design, cost effective, and made from affordable available materials and require little or no skills for its fabrication and operation. The results obtained fromtests carried out on the dryer revealed that the temperatures inside the drying chamber and the solar collector were highest when the side mirrors were at 45o to the vertical, giving optimum performance under various experimental conditions.

Design, Construction and CFD Modeling of a Banana-Solar Dryer With Double Pass Solar Air Collector

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philemon Mutabilwa ◽  
Kevin N. Nwaigwe
Keyword(s):  
Solar Collector ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Cfd Model ◽  
Double Pass ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
Solar Air Collector ◽  
Aluminum Pipe ◽  
Drying Chamber ◽  
Design Construction

Abstract A work on the design, construction and computational fluid dynamics modelling of a solar dryer with a double pass solar air collector is presented. Using fundamental relationships, an indirect solar dying system for drying banana was designed and constructed. The system consists of a drying chamber and a double pass solar collector (DPSC), connected together with a flexible aluminum pipe. The system features a unique arrangement, as the drying chamber is underneath the double pass solar collector, and the solar collector itself can be adjusted to an angle of 0° up to 35° the maintenance or research purpose. The DPSC has five longitudinal fins, lying parallel with air flow. The solar dryer is incorporated with a convective DC fan that sucks hot air from the solar collector on to the drying chamber. The DPSC achieved an optimal peak outlet temperature of 345K with a maximum operational efficiency of 72.5%. A computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model is achieved for prediction of the dryer temperature and 3D airflow distribution within the dryer unit using ANSYS 18.2. The CFD model was validated using experimental data. The developed dryer demonstrated improved efficiency over similar dryers, and this is attributable to the unique arrangement of component parts.

scholarly journals Mathematical Modeling and Performance Analysis of a New Hybrid Solar Dryer of Lemon Slices for Controlling Drying Temperature

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wengang Hao ◽  
Shuonan Liu ◽  
Baoqi Mi ◽  
Yanhua Lai
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Drying Curves ◽  
Flat Plate Solar Collector ◽  
Drying Chamber

A new hybrid solar dryer was designed and constructed in this study, which consisted of a flat-plate solar collector with dual-function (DF-FPSC), drying chamber with glass, fan etc. The DF-FPSC was firstly applied in drying agricultural products. The innovative application of hybrid solar dryer can control the drying chamber air temperature within a suitable range by different operation strategies. Drying experiments for lemon slices in the hybrid solar dryer were conducted by comparing open sun drying (OSD). Eight mathematical models of drying characteristics were employed to select the most suitable model for describing the drying curves of lemon slices. Furthermore, energy, exergy economic and environment (4E) analysis were also adopted to analyze the drying process of lemon slices. The results show that under the same experimental condition, the drying capability of the hybrid solar dryer was stronger than that of OSD. Meanwhile, it was found that the Two term and Wang and Singh models were the most suitable for fitting the lemon slices’ drying characteristics inside the hybrid solar dryer. The drying chamber air temperature can be controlled under about 60 °C during the process of lemon slices’ drying. The experimental results show the feasibility and validity of the proposed hybrid solar dryer.

Design, Analysis and Experimental Evaluation of Photovoltaic Forced Convection Solar Dryer for the Tropics

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 49-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.O. Adelaja ◽  
S.J. Ojolo
Keyword(s):  
Forced Convection ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
Sunshine Hours ◽  
Useful Power ◽  
Collector Efficiency ◽  
The Tropics

The photovoltaic (pv) forced convection solar dryer comprises the solar collector, dryer and pv assemblies. It is designed for a continuous operation throughout the day. The direct solar irradiation is utilized during sunshine hours and it automatically switches power supply to the battery during cloud covers and non-insolation periods. The inclusion of a heat reservoir enables heat transfer to continue during this period. In this study, thermal and dryer analyses were done. Experimental investigations were carried out to evaluate the performance of the system by drying plantain chips. The useful power collected was found to be, 391.50W, collector efficiency, 65.6%, dryer efficiency, 39.6%, average drying rate during insolation, 0.0169kg/hr and total drying time was 23 hours. The maximum temperature attained was 55oC. The average drying non insolation period was 0.0112kg/hr. The capital cost is less than $350.

scholarly journals Solar Dryer for Large/Medium Scale Ripening and Drying of Dates; A Case Study of Dates Growing Area of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Saeeda Sultana ◽  
Syed Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Ehsan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Sunshine Hours ◽  
And Performance ◽  
One Year

This study describe the design features and performance of the unglazed transpired solar dryer for large and medium scale drying of Dates in the Dates growing area of Pakistan. The dryer has the designed capacity to dry 500 Kg of Dates from Khalaal (70% humidity) to Tamar (25% humidity), at 55 C ± 5 C in 72 continuous hours using biomass furnace as an auxiliary heat source and it covers approximately 256 m2 areas. This is the ideal humidity condition to store Dates for one year without any further degradation. In traditional open sunshine the huge quantity of Dates are dried in over 150 h hours and requires hectare of area to spread the Dates. Moreover, the quality of Dates in the open sunshine is affected badly due to two main reasons. Firstly, the heavy dust in the area that sticks the Dates during the drying process makes them unable to eat. Secondly, the Monsoon rains in the months of July and August also destroys Dates placed in the open areas for drying. Dera Ismail (D.I.) Khan, a remote district of Khyber Pakhtoon Khawa province of Pakistan, was selected to study the performance of Dates dryer, where solar insolation is 700-750 W/m2 in the months of July and August. The Dates were dried continuously and during off sunshine hours biomass auxiliary source was used. This solar dryer, containing eight trolleys and each trolley is loaded with twelve trays, is the first in Pakistan to dry a large amount of Dates. Moreover, the unglazed transpired dryer is designed in such a way that it can withstand the dusty atmosphere of D.I. Khan and also protect the Dates from dust and rainy water during the drying period. The design does not have any adverse effect on the quality of dried Dates. In D.I. Khan around 350 days are sunny per year and solar thermal technology is economically feasible compared to other conventional energy resources with a payback period of 3 and 7.5 years compared to un-subsided and subsided cost of Natural Gas respectively. The Natural Gas is the cheapest conventional energy source in Pakistan. But solar thermal technology is yet not popular source of energy in the area due to lack of information, fear of initial capital cost and weak government policies for renewable energies. This study also incorporates the recommendations to overcome these issues regarding Solar Thermal Technology, PACS Number: 44.40.+a, 89.30.Cc, 84.60.- h, 89.30.-g.   

scholarly journals Design and Performance Evaluation of a Mixed-Mode Solar Crop Dryer

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shitu Abubakar ◽  
Samaila Umaru ◽  
Fatai O Anafi ◽  
Aminu S Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Coordinate Position ◽  
Collector Efficiency ◽  
Drying Rates ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Drying Efficiency ◽  
Drying Chamber

This study is concerned with development and performance evaluation of a mixed-mode solar  yam dryer. It was done to address the problems of uneven drying of product on different trays coordinate position in a typical indirect multiple trays dryer. Solar energy drying system was designed using the meteorological conditions of Zaria, Nigeria to dry yam slices in the mixed-mode natural convection. The dryer was designed to dry (7 kg) of yam slices. The dimensions of the dryer were: collector length, collector area, height of the drying chamber, chimney height, length of the drying chamber, and Width of the drying chamber were 0.65 m, 0.27 m2, 0.9 m, 0.7 m, 0.5 m, and 0.43 m, respectively. The solar yam dryer was exposed to solar radiation from 10:00 am to 06:00 pm and tested without load and with yam chips of 5 mm average thickness. Meteorological conditions were monitored during the dehydration process. The average drying rate, collector efficiency and drying efficiency were 2.55 kg/s, 42.20% and 25.35%, respectively. The results of performance evaluation of the solar dryer showed that the drying rate decreases by 3% and 8% in the second and third trays relative to the first tray. This shows that the drying rates did not vary significantly with the coordinate positions of the trays.

Design, construction and performance testing of a solar dryer for agroindustrial by-products

2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 1510-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Montero ◽  
J. Blanco ◽  
T. Miranda ◽  
S. Rojas ◽  
A.R. Celma
Keyword(s):  
Performance Testing ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
And Performance ◽  
By Products ◽  
Design Construction

Experimental Investigation of Active Solar Dryer for Drying of Chili

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuttachai Keawsuntia
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
Drying Chamber ◽  
Better Than

This research paper presents the experimental results of drying of chili by using the active solar dryer and sun drying because of chili is a commercial agricultural product of Thailand. The active solar dryer consisted of a solar collector, a drying chamber and a chimney. The small fans were installed in the solar collector of active solar dryer to provide the air flow circulated in the solar collector and a drying chamber. Drying of chili of 20 kg from moisture content 84 percent wet basis to 10 percent wet basis following the Thai Agricultural Standard (TAS 3001-2010) showed that the use of the active solar dryer to make the drying time reduced about 28.7 percent compared with sun drying because of the hot air temperature inside the drying chamber higher than the ambient temperature about 10 to 15 . The quality of dried chili from the active solar dryer better than dried chili from sun drying.

scholarly journals Design and Development of Solar Cooker cum Dryer

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 985-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G Sayyad ◽  
N. R Sardar ◽  
J. P Rathod ◽  
U. A Baria ◽  
B. K Yaduvanshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Renewable Source ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
Drying Chamber

Solar energy represents non-polluting, inexhaustible renewable source of energy that can be utilized economically to supply man's needs for all the time. A solar cooker cum dryer was designed, developed and fabricated. The performance evaluation of the system was carried out. The solar cooker was used as the solar collector for the solar dryer. A solar cooker having size 750mm x 600mm x 150mm has been developed. The solar dryer was designed with 0.49 m2 collector area. The collector angle was calculated for Jalgaon and it is 24.16˚ facing south. Drying chamber of size 750mm x 600mm x 450mm was designed and fabricated. This equipment was tested for cooking of food materials. The various atmospheric and drying parameters were also observed during the testing

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