scholarly journals Experimental Methodology of Optimum Coagulation Activity on River Water using Chemical and Natural Coagulants for Different PH Ranges

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S3) ◽  
pp. 425-430
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Optimum Dosage ◽  
Before And After

The present study is related to determination of optimum dosage of natural coagulant and chemical coagulant to bring down the turbidity of the considered river water by maintaining different pH ranges. The conversion of waste water into unpolluted water as became challenge now a days. In the present investigation, a focus is made on Turbidity characteristic of waste water and an attempt is made to treat water so as to utilize it by removing its turbidity. After removal of turbidity, the water should undergo again some stages of purification. Before undergoing further purification, water should be made turbid free. To make water a turbid free, two types of coagulants are considered in this present study which are natural coagulant and chemical coagulant. The coagulant is orange peel powder natural one and the other is Alum, a chemical coagulant. Three series of water samples were considered by varying pH values (6, 7 and 8.5). Other qualities of water like Turbidity, alkalinity and acidity were also tested before and after the process of coagulation. In this study an optimum dosage of coagulant was determined. The samples of river were collected from nearby flowing Kundu River, Nandyal (M), Kurnool (Dist)-A.P. The test results show that the optimum dosage of orange peel powder was found at 103 mg/l with 0.3 NTU Turbidity with Turbidity removal efficiency of 98.68%and by using Alum the optimum dosage was found at 26 mg/l with 0.3 NTU Turbidity with Turbidity removal efficiency of 98.68%.

Optimization of Magnetic Coagulation Process for River Water Treatment Using the Response Surface Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 3717-3722
Author(s):  
Jia Wei Hu ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Chang Wen Wang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
River Water ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Magnetic Particle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Polluted River ◽  
Single Factor Experiment ◽  
Validation Experiments

Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the magnetic coagulation conditions for micro-polluted river water treatment. Based on single-factor experiment, Box-Behnken central composition experiment design was applied. The poly aluminum Chloride (PAC), magnetic particle, polyacrylamide (PAM), mixing stirring and flocculating stirring revolving speed were chosen as causal factors. RSM was employed to study the effects of these factors on the turbidity removal efficiency. Base on the target value (>95%), the results show that the optimum conditions were PAC 29.31mgL-1, magnetic particle 61.90mgL-1, PAM 0.48mgL-1, mixing stirring revolving speed 288rpm, flocculating stirring revolving speed 6 rpm. The average turbidity removal efficiency in three validation experiments was 95.36%, with the predicted value was 95.19%. The relative error between the measured data and the predicted value was 0.17%. It confirms that RSM was a useful tool to optimize the magnetic coagulation operating conditions for micro-polluted river water treatment.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DA EFICIÊNCIA DE AGENTES COAGULANTES EM EFLUENTE DE FRIGORÍFICO

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Alexandre Teixeira Souza ◽  
Danielli Chagas
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anionic Polymer ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Aluminum Sulphate ◽  
Vegetable Tannin

In the refrigeration industry, a large amount of water is used throughout processes, generating effluents that need treatment before release. The purpose of this work was to make a comparative study of three coagulants used in the treatment of effluents: Aluminum Polychloride (PAC), Aluminum Sulphate (Al2(SO4)3) and Vegetable Tannin, with the aid of a flocculant (Anionic Polymer) by analyzing COD removal efficiency and turbidity. Jar coagulation / flocculation tests were conducted to optimize the concentration of coagulants. It was found that the natural coagulant presented a small variation in the pH parameter, avoiding the use of chemicals for its correction. The results of turbidity removal percentages indicated a great potential for Tannin when compared to the other chemical coagulants.

scholarly journals Alternative Approach to Conventional River Water Treatment Using Natural Coagulant

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.35) ◽  
pp. 739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Komathy Selvaraj ◽  
Lariyah Mohd Sidek ◽  
Megat Johari Megat Mohd Noor ◽  
Pramila Tamunaidu ◽  
Masafumi Goto
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
River Water ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Langat River ◽  
Natural Organic Material

Extensive studies have been conducted to discover natural, efficient and cost-saving coagulants for water treatment. Meanwhile, chemical coagulants are being used conventionally in drinking water treatment. This study investigates the efficacy of diatomite as a natural coagulant in river water treatment. First, synthetic turbid water was used to validate the coagulant efficiency. Then, coagulation and flocculation behaviors were studied by using the river water samples from Langat River and Semenyih River. Turbidity removal efficiency of synthetic turbid water revealed that a low dosage of 3.5 mg/L could reach turbidity reduction of 83.46%. The turbidity reduction for Semenyih River water with initial turbidity of 31.8 NTU was achieved at 91.7% with 18 mg/L dosage at pH of 7.4 whereby, for Langat River water with an initial turbidity of 43.3 NTU, the turbidity reduction was achieved at 94.5% with a dosage of 26 mg/L at pH of 8.0. These results showed that water turbidity removal was influenced by both high and low natural organic material. This is because the best dosage of coagulant is indirectly proportional to the molar mass of natural organic material. In conclusion, diatomite is a promising material to be used as a natural coagulant in water treatment applications.  

scholarly journals Use of thermal water as a natural coagulant for domestic wastewater sustainable treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (44) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Andrés Quintero-Jaramillo ◽  
Walter Murillo-Arango ◽  
Ivonne Ximena Cerón-Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Water ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
World Population ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Aluminum Sulphate

In the last several years, the interest on domestic wastewater treatment has increased due to the rise of water consumption resulted from the world population growth. The excessive use of inorganic coagulants, such as aluminum sulphate, in domestic wastewater treatment processes contributes to generate high negative environmental impacts and risks to living organisms. Besides its low biodegradability, as aluminum sulphate increases metal content in discharged effluents rises, generating toxic sludge. Therefore, searching for clean and sustainable processes for domestic wastewater treatment is important in order to reduce the pollutant discharges into fresh water bodies. In this paper, the potential use of thermal water as a natural coagulant for the domestic wastewater treatment from Manizales city (department of Caldas, Colombia), was studied. The effect of coagulant dose was analyzed and compared with the results of the conventional coagulants. Applying different doses of coagulants in domestic wastewater showed that the best coagulation activity was achieved by adding 35 ml/l of thermal water, and 140 mg/l of aluminum sulphate. In both cases, high turbidity removal efficiency (98.1 %) was achieved. The removal efficiency of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) using aluminum sulphate was 81.5 %, and using thermal water was 75.4 %. In conclusion, thermal water has positive coagulation properties; therefore, it is a promising alternative to aluminum sulphate as a natural coagulant on the treatment of domestic wastewater.

scholarly journals Treatment of sugar beet thick juice spent wash by chemical and natural coagulants

2009 ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Marina Sciban ◽  
Mile Klasnja ◽  
Mirjana Antov
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Bean Seed ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Aluminium Sulfate ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Thick Juice

The possibility of treatment of wastewater from bioethanol production by aluminium sulfate and natural coagulant extracted from common bean seed was studied. The highest coagulation activity at pH 6.5 is reached with analum dose of 1 g/l, but only a little lower coagulation activities were obtained by the dose of 0.05 and 0.10 g/l, which is more favorable for economic and environmental reasons. When natural coagulant from common bean was applied the highest coagulation activity, 14.3%, at pH 6.5 is reached with a dose of 0.5 ml/l. However, when common bean natural coagulant was used simultaneously with alum, the highest turbidity removal resulting in 24% coagulation activity was achieved and this was more efficient than when alum or natural coagulant were used.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF USING BAKED SOIL ON REMOVING SOME HEAVY METALS FROM DIFFERENT WATER SOURCES

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaher & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Different Water Sources

 A laboratory experiment was carried out to study the effect of unbaked soil  and baked soil  burned  at 4000C and 9000C as filters to remove some  heavy metals (Mn,Cu,Pb,Cd) from three water sources (waste water, Shatt al-Arab and Shatt al-Basra) at four periods (0 , 1/2 , 1, 24 hours. Concentrations of these heavy metals were estimated  before and after passing through these  filters , and removal efficiency was calculated . The results showed that baked soil  at  9000C had the highest removal efficiency  compared with that of 4000C and without baking.  Filtration at 24 hours was the best among other studied periods. The highest removal efficiencies were 95.20% foe Mn at Shatt al-Arab , 67.83% for Cu at Shatt al-Basra , 66.13% for Pb at Shatt al-Basra and 82.82% for Cd at Shatt al-Arab.

scholarly journals TURBIDITY REMOVAL BY MUCILAGE FROM BASELLA ALBA

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 505
Author(s):  
Le Thi Hoang Oanh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Lan Anh ◽  
Pham Lan Huong ◽  
Ha Xuan Nam ◽  
Luu Minh Loan
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Basella Alba ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation

Coagulation and flocculation are preliminary used in water treatment processes for turbidity removal, using popularily synthetic chemicals with health and environmental concerns. The use of natural flocculants has known to be a promising alteratives for chemical ones due to their environmental friendly behavior. This research investigated turbidity removal efficiency of mucilage extracted from Basella alba - an indigenous species in Vietnam - in the role of a flocculant. The removal efficiency of mucilage was investigated in combination with PAC or Alum on To Lich river water by mean of Jar tests. PAC or Alum alone can remove maximum 97% and 90% turbidity of To Lich river water at its original pH for the sedimentation time of 30 minutes. The combination of mucilage and PAC or Alum increased the efficiencies of turbidity removal and reduced the amount of chemicals needed. The corresponding increases were maximum 7% and 18%, respectively; while the reduction of PAC/Alum used was 75-80%.

REVIEWS OF ELECTROCOAGULATION PROCESS ON WASTE WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taty Hernaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Industrial Waste Water ◽  
Strong Current ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process

Waste water treatment by industry usually uses chemicals that may lead to additional environmental pollution load. On the other hand, water demand increases and environmental regulations regarding waste water disposal requirements that apply more stringent. It is necessary for waste treatment technique that accommodate this requirement. Electrocoagulation process is a technique of wastewater treatment that has been chosen because the technique is environmentally friendly. This paper will review some of the research or application electrocoagulation process which is conducted on industrial waste water. Types of industrial waste water that is to be reviewed include: industries batik, sarongs, textiles, palm oil, slaughterhouses, food, leather tanning, laundry, pulp and paper. Overview reviewed in this research include the waste water treatment process in several processing variations such as: change in time, electricity and kind of electrodes. The results of the research with electrocoagulation process in the industry are the removal efficiency of TSS, COD, BOD5, Chrome, phosphate, surfactants, color turbidity influenced by several factors including time, strong current, voltage, distance and type of electrode and pH. The results of the study with electrocoagulation process in the industry is the removal efficiency of TSS, COD, BOD5, chromium, phosphate, surfactant, turbidity color that are influenced by several factors including time, strong current, voltage, distance and type of electrode and pH. It is hoped the information presented in this article can be a reference for similar research for the improvement of research on the process ektrokoagulasi.Key words: elektrocoagulation, removal eficiency, environmental friendly

Trombodynamics Method in the Assessment of Coagulation Parameters in Psychopharmacotherapy of Endogenous Mental Disorders

Psychiatry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
N. S. Karpova ◽  
O. S. Brusov ◽  
I. V. Oleichik ◽  
M. I. Faktor ◽  
N. S. Levchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Procoagulant Activity ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Continuous Type ◽  
Chronic Neuroinflammation ◽  
Psychopharmacological Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
First Time ◽  
Schizotypal Disorder

Background: currently, it has been proven that the pathogenesis of endogenous mental disorders is associated with the process of neuroinflammation in the brain of patients. It is also known that chronic neuroinflammation, accompanied by a violation the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. It is accompanied by the activation of platelets that generate procoagulant microparticles, which leads to a disturbance of the hemostasis system, causing an increase in blood clotting in patients. Objective: to investigate the dynamics of procoagulant activity of blood in patients with endogenous mental disorders before and after psychopharmacotherapy.Patients and methods: the study included 185 patients aged 16 to 64 years with the following mental disorders: schizophrenia with attack-like/attack-progressive/continuous type of course (F20.00–2), affective disease (F31.1–5; F32.0–3; F33.0–3), schizotypal disorder with affective fluctuations (F21.3–4). The thrombodynamic test (TD) was performed on T-2 Trombodynamis device according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Hemacore LLC, Moscow, Russia). All patients received standard pharmacotherapy according to their condition.Results: a significant decrease of procoagulant activity of spontaneous clots in the patients’ blood after psychopharmacological treatment is observed. Our data on the positive dynamics of changes in the values of TD test’s indicators in most of the examined patients suggest that a decrease in the coagulation activity of the patients’ blood as a result of treatment may be associated with the anti- inflammatory effect of antipsychotics and antidepressants.Conclusion: for the first time, it was shown that there is a positive dynamic in changing the values of the main parameters of the TD test in most patients with endogenous mental diseases. The results of TD tests can be the basis for monitoring the response to therapy.

scholarly journals Response in Growth, Scute Development, and Whole-Body Ion Composition of Acipenser fulvescens Reared in Water of Differing Chemistries

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1419
Author(s):  
Janet Genz ◽  
Rachael Hicks
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Lake Sturgeon ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Acipenser Fulvescens ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Ion Composition ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Yolk Absorption

In fishes, environmental ion availability can have substantial effects on growth and development. This study examined the development of Lake Sturgeon in response to the varying environmental ion availability that they experience as part of a conservation stocking program. We reared sturgeon in natural water from the Coosa River, which had higher concentrations of Mg2+, Na+, and Zn2+ than standard hatchery conditions, while [Ca2+] at the Warm Springs National Fish Hatchery was 2× higher than in the Coosa River. Eggs were hatched in each water type and the larvae were sampled at time points before and after yolk absorption during the first 8 weeks of development. Total length and weight in WSNFH larvae were significantly higher than larvae in Coosa River water starting at 8 dph, indicating that growth was dependent on the different environmental ion levels. Concentrations of the ions of interest were also determined for whole-body acid digests of the exposed Lake Sturgeon. We found that Lake Sturgeon reared in Coosa River water had significantly higher magnesium and zinc than Lake Sturgeon reared in WSNFH water (p < 0.05), while calcium was significantly higher in WSNFH than Coosa River water. This difference shows that different environmental ion concentrations also impact the overall development of larval Lake Sturgeon.

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