scholarly journals Nano Power Current Reference Circuit Consisting of Sub-threshold CMOS Circuits

a low voltage CMOS Nano power current reference circuit has been presented in this paper and also the circuit simulation performance in 180-nm UMC CMOS technology. Most of the MOSFETs operate in sub-threshold region consisting of bias-voltage, start-up and current-source sub-circuits. A stable reference current of 4-nA lying in supply voltage range of 1 V-1.8 V has been generated with line sensitivity of 0.203% /V. Within the temperature range of 0°C to 100 °C, and the voltage level of 1.8 V, the temperature coefficient was 7592ppm/°C. At the same voltage supply, the power dissipation was found out to be 380 NW. It is suitable to use this circuit in sub threshold power aware large scale integration.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kushwaha ◽  
D. K. Mishra

This paper proposes a low voltage CMOS Nano power current reference circuit and presents its performance with circuit simulation in 180- nm UMC CMOS technology. The proposed circuit consists of start-up, Bias-voltage, current-source sub-circuits with most of the MOSFETs operating in sub-threshold region. Simulation results shows that the circuit generates a stable reference current of 4-nA in supply voltage range 1 V- 1.8 V with line sensitivity of 0.203%/V.The temperature coefficient of the current was 7592ppm/°C at 1.8 V in the range of 0°C-100°C. The power dissipation was 380 NW at 1.8 V Supply. The proposed circuit would be suitable for use in sub-threshold –operated power-aware large-scale integration


2011 ◽  
Vol 135-136 ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Lin An Li ◽  
Ming Tang ◽  
Wen Ou ◽  
Yang Hong

In this paper, an all CMOS current reference circuit which generates a reference current independent of PVT (Process, supply Voltage, and Temperature) variations is presented. The circuit consists of a self-biased current source (SBCS) and two nested connected transistors which supply a voltage with positive temperature coefficient and the resulting reference circuit has low temperature coefficient. It is based on CSMC 0.5um mixed-signal process with the supply voltage of 5V. The precision of reference current is about ±3.05% when considering the process, supply voltage and temperature variation at the same time.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Orazio Aiello

The paper deals with the immunity to Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) of the current source for Ultra-Low-Voltage Integrated Circuits (ICs). Based on the properties of IC building blocks, such as the current-splitter and current correlator, a novel current generator is conceived. The proposed solution is suitable to provide currents to ICs operating in the sub-threshold region even in the presence of an electromagnetic polluted environment. The immunity to EMI of the proposed solution is compared with that of a conventional current mirror and evaluated by analytic means and with reference to the 180 nm CMOS technology process. The analysis highlights how the proposed solution generates currents down to nano-ampere intrinsically robust to the Radio Frequency (RF) interference affecting the input of the current generator, differently to what happens to the output current of a conventional mirror under the same conditions.


2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Amiri ◽  
Adib Abrishamifar

In this paper a new high-linear CMOS mixer is proposed. A well-known low voltage CMOS multiplier structure is used for mixer application in this paper and its linearity is provided by adjusting the value of a resistor, sizing the aspect ratio of a PMOS transistor and adding a proper value of inductor at the input stage. In simulation, a supply voltage as low as 1 V is applied to the circuit. Simulation results of improved mixer in a 0.18-μm CMOS technology illustrate 14 dB increases in IIP3 and also an increase around 1.4 dB is obtained in conversion gain. Furthermore, additional components which are used for improving linearity would not increase the power consumption and area significantly.


2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (08) ◽  
pp. 1740003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Arbet ◽  
Viera Stopjaková ◽  
Martin Kováč ◽  
Lukáš Nagy ◽  
Matej Rakús ◽  
...  

In this paper, a variable gain amplifier (VGA) designed in 130 nm CMOS technology is presented. The proposed amplifier is based on the bulk-driven (BD) design approach, which brings a possibility to operate with low supply voltage. Since the supply voltage of only 0.6 V is used for the amplifier to operate, there is no risk of latch-up event that usually represents the main drawback of the BD circuit systems. BD transistors are employed in the input differential stage, which makes it possible to operate in rail-to-rail input voltage range. Achieved simulation results indicate that gain of the proposed VGA can be varied in a wide scale, which together with the low supply voltage feature make the proposed amplifier useful for low-voltage and low-power applications. An additional circuit responsible for maintaining the linear-in-decibel gain dependency of the VGA is also addressed. The proposed circuit block avails arbitrary shaping of the curve characterizing the gain versus the controlling voltage dependency.


2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
ChongWei Keat ◽  
Jeevan Kanesan ◽  
Harikrishnan Ramiah

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Fernando Jaramillo Calderon

This paper describes design improvement of a current reference, originally based on dual-threshold voltage current mirror stages, these stages have been modified in order to improve the temperature dependence of the current of a diode-connected transistor and the figures of merit to compare this circuit both the base-circuit. The proposed solution has been designed in a 0.18 \text{\ensuremath{\mu}m} technology and analyzed through circuit simulation. Simulation results, when a body-bias generator is used, show an output current of 342 nA and a power consumption below 513 nW at the maximum operating voltage of 1.5 V and at the room temperature. The line sensitivity is 1 %/V, while the temperature coefficient is 17 ppm/°C. On the other hand, when the body-bias generator is neglected, the circuit shows an output current of 188 nA and a power consumption below 282 nW at the maximum operating voltage of 1.5V and at the room temperature. The line sensitivity is 2.89 %/V, while the temperature coefficient is 23 ppm/°C.  Resumen Hoy en día, los espejos de corriente o current reference, pueden ser mejorados con las características de inversión débil subthreshold-region cuando son construidos con tecnología CMOS, está tesis trata sobre cuatro estructuras de current reference basadas en un circuito de solo tres transistores, las figuras de merito como coeficiente de temperatura, consumo de potencia, y sensibilidad de carga y proceso son obtenidas en cada una de las estructuras, y posteriormente son comparadas para disernir cual de las implementaciones ha presentado un mejor desempeño. Las simulaciones fueron realizadas en una tecnología de 180 nm, nanómetros, TSMC CMOS usando transistores de tipo MEDIUM VOLTAGE THRESHOLD (MVT) para un voltaje máximo de alimentación de 2 y 3 voltios. La tesis esta compuesta de cuatro capítulos, el primero muestra los principios físicos para inducir una corriente cuando el transistor MOSFET se encuentra en la región de subthreshold, lineal y saturación. El segundo capitulo muestra las especificaciones tomadas en cuenta para implementar los cuatro diferentes diseños, como son el dimensionamiento y los parámetros eléctricos de las fuentes de alimentación, los diseños fueron implementados en Virtuoso de Cadence. El tercer capitulo muestra los resultados obtenidos en cada uno de los circuitos y una comparativa de las figuras de merito calculadas. Finalmente, el cuarto capitulo muestra las conclusiones de cada bloque, los beneficios obtenidos al implementar cada uno de los diseños así como la mejor solución acorde a las figuras de merito obtenidas. 


Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2028
Author(s):  
Ruhaifi Bin Abdullah Zawawi ◽  
Hojong Choi ◽  
Jungsuk Kim

This paper presents a fully integrated voltage-reference circuit for implantable devices such as retinal implants. The recently developed retinal prostheses require a stable supply voltage to drive a high-density stimulator array. Accordingly, a voltage-reference circuit plays a critical role in generating a constant reference voltage, which is provided to a low-voltage-drop regulator (LDO), and filtering out the AC ripples in a power-supply rail after rectification. For this purpose, we use a beta-multiplier voltage-reference architecture to which a nonlinear current sink circuit is added, to improve the supply-independent performance drastically. The proposed reference circuit is fabricated using the standard 0.35 µm technology, along with an LDO that adopts an output ringing compensation circuit. The novel reference circuit generates a reference voltage of 1.37 V with a line regulation of 3.45 mV/V and maximum power-supply rejection ratio (PSRR) of −93 dB.


Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barile ◽  
Stornelli ◽  
Ferri ◽  
Safari ◽  
D’Amico

In this paper, a novel low voltage low power CMOS second generation voltage conveyor (VCII) with an improved voltage range at both the X and Z terminals is presented. The proposed VCII is formed by a current buffer based on a class AB regulated common-gate stage and a modified rail-to-rail voltage buffer. Spice simulation results using LFoundry 0.15 μm low-Vth CMOS technology with a ±0.9 V supply voltage are provided to demonstrate the validity of the designed circuit. Thanks to the class AB behavior, from a bias current of 10 µA, the proposed VCII is capable of driving 0.5 mA on the X terminal, with a total power consumption of 120 µW. The allowed voltage swing on the Z terminal is at least equal to ±0.83 V, while on the X terminals it is ±0.72 V. Both DC and AC voltage and current gains are provided, and time domain simulations, where the voltage conveyor is used as a transimpedance amplifier (TIA), are also presented. A final table that summarizes the main features of the circuit, comparing them with the literature, is also given.


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